Evaluation of antidiabetic effect of embelin from Embelia ribes in alloxan induced diabetes in rats

Sekar, Mahendran; Badami, Shrishailappa; Maithili, V.

doi:10.1016/j.bionut.2010.08.002

Cited by 46 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In fact, recent animal studies have shown that embelin has a strong antidiabetic effect in alloxan-induced diabetic rats, as evident by a reduction in fasting blood glucose levels, significant improvement in body weights, and restoration of biochemical parameters. 31 Importantly, no toxicity was observed in rats receiving embelin orally at doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg b.w.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Elevated cell proliferation and VEGF production by high-glucose conditions in Müller cells involve XIAP

Sun

et al. 2013

Eye

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Purpose Mü ller cells have important roles in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy by promoting cell proliferation and inducing the production of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) under hyperglycemic conditions. The objective of this study was to determine the potential mechanism of Mü ller cell proliferation and VEGF production due to high-glucose conditions. Methods Primary cultured rat Mü ller cells were incubated with medium containing variable concentrations of glucose and/or embelin, a specific inhibitor of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP), for 72 h. The proliferation of Mü ller cells was assessed by the MTT assay. The expression and/or phosphorylation of 146 proteins were assessed using protein pathway array. Results High concentrations of glucoseinduced Mü ller cell proliferation and altered expression and/or phosphorylation of 47 proteins that have been identified to have key roles in several important signaling pathways (XIAP, VEGF, HIF1a, NFkB, etc) and are involved in the regulation of cell survival, proliferation, or apoptosis. However, Mü ller cell alterations induced by highglucose conditions were counteracted by the XIAP inhibitor embelin, and 26 proteins/ phosphorylations (out of 47) were restored to their normal levels. Nine proteins, including NFkB p65, p-p38, tumor necrosis factor-a, urokinase-type plasminogen activator, CREB, IL-1b, HCAM, estrogen receptor-a, and p-Stat3, were involved in regulatory networks between XIAP and VEGF. Conclusions The current study suggests that XIAP may be a potential regulator that can mediate a series of pathological changes induced by high-glucose conditions in Mü ller cells. Therefore, embelin could be a potential agent for the prevention and treatment of diabetic retinopathy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Elevated cell proliferation and VEGF production by high-glucose conditions in Müller cells involve XIAP

Sun

et al. 2013

Eye

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“…Embelin, one of the phytochemicals, has already been known to have various medicinal effects on diabetes (28,29), ischemia (30), antibacterial activity (31), osteoclastogenesis (32), and several types of cancer such as pancreatic cancer (17), prostate cancer (33), leukemia (34), hepatoma, and colon cancer (18). In the present study, we evaluated the potential of embelin as a therapeutic agent for another fatal disease, malignant glioma.…”

Section: Embe Lin Represses Proliferation Of Human Glioma Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Embelin Induces Apoptosis in Human Glioma Cells Through Inactivating NF-κB

et al. 2013

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Abstract. Aggressive tumor growth and diffuse tissue invasion are hallmarks of malignant glioma. Embelin is an active compound identified as a novel XIAP inhibitor from the Embelia ribes that exhibits various medicinal effects including anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities. In the present study, we investigated whether embelin could have a therapeutic effect in glioma. We found that embelin suppressed proliferation of human glioma cells, but not in normal immortalized human astrocytes. In addition, embelin induced apoptosis in human glioma cells by inhibiting NF-κB, which is a crucial transcription factor associated with several human diseases including cancer and controls multiple genes involved in tumor progression such as cell proliferation and survival. Intriguingly, embelin had no inhibitory effect on XIAP in glioma cells even though discovered as an XIAP inhibitor, but instead inhibited NF-κB activity by reducing nuclear translocation of p65 through decreasing phosphorylation and proteasomal degradation of IκBα in glioma cells. Furthermore, p65 overexpression decreased embelin-induced apoptosis in glioma cells. Taken together these results indicate that embelin could be a potent novel therapeutic modality for glioma via blocking cancer cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis by inhibiting NF-κB activity.

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“…Two doses of embelin (25 and 50 mg/kg) were selected for administration by oral route based on our earlier study (Mahendran et al 2010). …”

Section: Preparation Of Suspensionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1) is a naturally occurring alkyl substituted hydroxy benzoquinone and a major constituent from all the parts of E. ribes. Embelin reportedly possesses anti-inflammatory, analgesic (Chitra et al 1994), antioxidant (Joshi et al 2007), hepatoprotective (Dharmendra et al 2009), wound healing (Kumara Swamy et al 2009), antibacterial (Chitra et al 2003), anticonvulsant (Mahendran et al 2011) and antidiabetic (Mahendran et al 2010) properties. Many quinones, thymoquinone (Al-Majed et al 2006), idebenone (Nagaoka et al 1989) and pyrroloquinoline quinine (Zhang et al 2006) are known for their beneficial effects on cerebral ischemia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Effect of Embelin from Embelia ribes Burm. Against Transient Global Ischemia-Induced Brain Damage in Rats

Thippeswamy¹,

Nagakannan²,

Shivasharan³

et al. 2011

Neurotox Res

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Embelia ribes is being used in Indian traditional herbal medicine for the treatment of mental disorders and as brain tonic. The present study was designed to investigate the protective effects of embelin from E. ribes on global ischemia/reperfusion-induced brain injury in rats. Transient global ischemia was induced by occluding bilateral common carotid arteries for 30 min followed by 24-h reperfusion. Neurological functions were measured using sensorimotor tests. Ischemia/reperfusion-induced neuronal injury was assessed by cerebral infarct area, biochemical and histopathological examination. Pretreatment of embelin (25 and 50 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly increased locomotor activity and hanging latency time and decreased beam walking latency when compared with ischemic control. The treatment also reduced significantly the lipid peroxidation and increased the total thiol content and glutathione-S-transferase activity in brain homogenates. The decreased cerebral infarction area in embelin-treated groups and histopathological observations confirmed the above findings. These observations suggested that embelin is a neuroprotective agent and may prove to be useful adjunct in the treatment of stroke.

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Evaluation of antidiabetic effect of embelin from Embelia ribes in alloxan induced diabetes in rats

Cited by 46 publications

References 20 publications

Elevated cell proliferation and VEGF production by high-glucose conditions in Müller cells involve XIAP

Elevated cell proliferation and VEGF production by high-glucose conditions in Müller cells involve XIAP

Embelin Induces Apoptosis in Human Glioma Cells Through Inactivating NF-κB

Protective Effect of Embelin from Embelia ribes Burm. Against Transient Global Ischemia-Induced Brain Damage in Rats

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