Evaluation of anticancer effects of cerium oxide nanoparticles on mouse fibrosarcoma cell line

Abstract

Cerium oxide nanoparticles are associated with anticancer effects. While protecting normal cells, these nanoparticles exert their anticancer effects via oxidative stress and apoptosis in the cancer cells. In this study, the anticancer properties of nanoceria on fibrosarcoma cell line are evaluated. Cerium oxide nanoparticles were synthesized by the coprecipitation method and their anticancer effects on mouse fibrosarcoma tumor cells (WEHI164) were investigated. Viability assay was evaluated by MTT, and the DC-FDA assay performed for the detection of reactive oxygen species. For apoptosis assay, the annexin V/PI test was done as well as measuring the mRNA and protein expression levels of Bax and Bcl2 by real-time PCR and western blot method, respectively. Characterization of nanoceria reveals that synthesized nanoceria has cubic floruit structure with a size of about 30 nm. Toxicity assessment results show that nanoceria increases ROS levels and induced apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner in cancer cells (WEHI164), whereas low levels of toxicity were observed in normal cells (L929), even at the concentrations above 250 µg/ml in MTT assay. Real-time PCR and western blot assays showed that nanoceria could significantly increase the Bax expression in cancer cells. The results showed that nanoceria could act as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of fibrosarcoma.

Uptake of Cerium Dioxide Nanoparticles and Impact on Viability, Differentiation and Functions of Primary Trophoblast Cells from Human Placenta

“…Therefore NPs could accumulate in the blood and higher levels could be reached over time in the placenta [ 58 ]. We also used higher concentrations in this study that allowed us to make a complete cytotoxicity evaluation to determine the IC50 of CeO 2 NPs, which was not reached at 24 h of exposure and was 320 μg/mL (50.4 μg/cm 2 ) at 48 h. These high concentrations also allow further comparison of toxicity between placental and other barriers (especially pulmonary or intestinal) and may correspond to a worst-case scenario knowing that CeO 2 NPs are now being proposed as potential medicine (with actually-tested concentrations reaching up to 250 µg/mL) [ 59 ].…”

Synthesis and biomedical applications of nanoceria, a redox active nanoparticle

“… 30 Fibrosarcoma cell line (WEHI164) Conc. of nanoceria ≥ 15.63 µg/mL showed toxicity effects in cancer cells via increasing ROS levels and apoptosis [ 146 ] …”

“…(100 and 200 µg/mL) for 24 h. They observed that the cells incubated with CNPs showed much higher production of intracellular ROS and induced higher cytotoxicity because of increased cellular uptake as compared to CMPs. Recently, in 2018, Nourmohammadi et al [ 146 ] studied the anticancer activity of nanoceria against fibrosarcoma cell line (WEHI164), which showed dose-dependent cytotoxicity of nanoceria. They observed that nanoceria exposure with conc.…”

Ceria-Containing Hybrid Multilayered Microcapsules for Enhanced Cellular Internalisation with High Radioprotection Efficiency

“…The pH-dependent redox activity of nanoceria is used for the selective induction of apoptosis in cancer cells [11][12][13][14]. In particular, it has been shown that nanoceria modulate intracellular signalling pathways, causing selective death of fibrosarcoma cancer cells [15]. Dextran-stabilised cerium oxide nanoparticles have been used to prevent tumour invasion in tumour-stroma interaction [16].…”