Evaluation of antibacterial and antibiofilm mechanisms by usnic acid against methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>

Pompilio, Arianna; Riviello, A; Crocetta, Valentina; Giuseppe, Fabrizio Di; Pomponio, Stefano; Sulpizio, M.J.; Ilio, Carmine Di; Angelucci, Stefania; Barone, Luana; Giulio, Andrea Di; Bonaventura, Giovanni Di

doi:10.2217/fmb-2016-0049

Cited by 23 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…DAVID, PANTHER and STRING databases were used to classify and identify the potential function of altered proteins within the cells (Figs S5, S6). A cluster of proteins involved in oxidative stress responses was found to be up-regulated in response to the UA-norfloxacin combination in MRSA-2071 cells, which is in accordance with the earlier report where similar results were obtained in MRSA cells exposed to sub-inhibitory concentrations of UA [44]. Oxidants such as ROS and NO affect the viability of cells and hinder the process of pathogenesis [56] by irreversible oxidative damage to DNA, lipids and proteins [57,58] and bring the tissues to homeostasis [59,60].…”

Section: Alteration Of Membrane Permeability and Potentialsupporting

confidence: 92%

Usnic acid modifies MRSA drug resistance through down‐regulation of proteins involved in peptidoglycan and fatty acid biosynthesis

et al. 2019

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Multidrug‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections place a huge burden on the healthcare sector and the wider community. An increasing rate of infections caused by methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has necessitated the development of alternative agents. We previously reported that usnic acid (UA) has activity against MRSA; here, we report the effect of UA in combination with norfloxacin on the drug resistance of MRSA clinical isolates. We observed that the combination of UA–norfloxacin significantly reduces the bacterial burden in mouse models infected with S. aureus, without causing any detectable associated toxicity. Proteomic analysis indicated that UA–norfloxacin induces oxidative stress within cells, which leads to membrane damage and inhibits metabolic activity and biosynthesis of peptidoglycan and fatty acids. Collectively, this study provides evidence that UA in combination with norfloxacin may be a potential candidate for development into a resistance‐modifying agent for the treatment of invasive MRSA infections.

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Section: Alteration Of Membrane Permeability and Potentialsupporting

confidence: 92%

Usnic acid modifies MRSA drug resistance through down‐regulation of proteins involved in peptidoglycan and fatty acid biosynthesis

et al. 2019

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“…Studies reported activities of usnic acid against bacterial biofilms ( Staphylococcus , Streptococcus , etc.) but also against fungal biofilms [ 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 ]. A recent study demonstrated that usnic acid exhibited a significant biofilm inhibition against azole-resistant and azole-sensitive C. albicans strains (71.08% and 87.84%, respectively).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antifungal and Anti-Biofilm Activities of Acetone Lichen Extracts against Candida albicans

et al. 2017

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Candida albicans is a commensal coloniser of the human gastrointestinal tract and an opportunistic pathogen, especially thanks to its capacity to form biofilms. This lifestyle is frequently involved in infections and increases the yeast resistance to antimicrobials and immune defenses. In this context, 38 lichen acetone extracts have been prepared and evaluated for their activity against C. albicans planktonic and sessile cells. Minimum inhibitory concentrations of extracts (MICs) were determined using the broth microdilution method. Anti-biofilm activity was evaluated using tetrazolium salt (XTT) assay as the ability to inhibit the maturation phase (anti-maturation) or to eradicate a preformed 24 h old biofilm (anti-biofilm). While none of the extracts were active against planktonic cells, biofilm maturation was limited by 11 of the tested extracts. Seven extracts displayed both anti-maturation and anti-biofilm activities (half maximal inhibitory concentrations IC50_mat and IC50_biof ≤ 100 µg/mL); Evernia prunastri and Ramalina fastigiata were the most promising lichens (IC50_mat < 4 µg/mL and IC50_biof < 10 µg/mL). Chemical profiles of the active extracts performed by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) have been analyzed. Depsides, which were present in large amounts in the most active extracts, could be involved in anti-biofilm activities. This work confirmed that lichens represent a reservoir of compounds with anti-biofilm potential.

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“…A possible mechanism for the antibiofilm activity of (? )-usnic acid against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was recently published by Pompilio et al (2016), who state that the effect may be a consequence of the impaired adhesion to the host matrix binding proteins, but also may be due to the decrease in lipase and thermonuclease expression. Salta et al (2013) described the effect of (?…”

Section: Antibacterial Activity and Antibiofilm Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enantioselective activity of usnic acid: a comprehensive review and future perspectives

2019

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This review is focused on the comparison of the biological and pharmacological activities of usnic acid enantiomers. Most of the available data refer to (?)-usnic acid, while the left-handed isomer has been less often significantly studied. Special attention was paid to the experiments comparing both (?)-and (-)-usnic acid at the same time, the results of which indicated interesting differences, however no tendency as to which enantiomer was more potent could be observed. Nevertheless, more studies, especially on (-)-usnic acid, are needed to give a final explanation for the similarities and differences between both usnic acid enantiomers. These should be especially directed to steric structure-activity relationship of the enantiomers, tested under the same experimental conditions, which may help to explain the possible mechanisms of their actions.

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Evaluation of antibacterial and antibiofilm mechanisms by usnic acid against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Cited by 23 publications

References 74 publications

Usnic acid modifies MRSA drug resistance through down‐regulation of proteins involved in peptidoglycan and fatty acid biosynthesis

Usnic acid modifies MRSA drug resistance through down‐regulation of proteins involved in peptidoglycan and fatty acid biosynthesis

Antifungal and Anti-Biofilm Activities of Acetone Lichen Extracts against Candida albicans

Enantioselective activity of usnic acid: a comprehensive review and future perspectives

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