Evaluation of antibacterial activity and acute toxicity of the hydroethanolic extract of Stachytarpheta angustifolia (Mill) Vahl.

N, V; Ogbonnia,; S, O; Nkemehule,; F,; Enwuru,; M.C.,, Adiguzel; Tolani, Musliu Adetola; O,

doi:10.5897/ajb08.144

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The result of similar study by Enwuru et al (2011) showed relatively low resistance to ceftazidime, Ofloxacin, gentamycin, nitrofurantoin and Nalidixic acid by E. coli in the community, when compared with the pattern from the hospital. The indication may imply that these drugs have not been grossly misused in the vicinity studied.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Phenotypic detection of multidrug resistant extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli from clinical samples

Iliyasu¹,

Uba²,

Agbo³

2018

Afr. J. Cell. Path

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A clinico-laboratory investigation of multidrug resistant (MDR) characteristics of extended spectrum βlactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli pathotypes from some hospitals in Bauchi metropolis, Nigeria, was carried out. A total of 198 E. coli isolates were recovered from different patients' age group (0 to above 70 years), comprising of 134 males and 85 females, as both outpatient (126) and in-patient (93). The antimicrobial susceptibility tests show a high multidrug resistance among Ampicillin (97.0%), Amoxycillin (96.0%), the newer generation Cephalosporins like Cefuroxime (81.3%), Cefotaxime (85.4%) and Ceftazidime (60.6%). The isolates were sensitive to Ceftriaxone (62.1%), Amikacin (71.7%) and Imipenem (80.8%). Out of the multidrug resistant isolates, 163 were ESBL producers, with frequency of (26.9%) found within age group (31 to 40 years), mostly in males (59.1%) and outpatients (51.5%). Fifty four (27.3%) of the isolates were recovered from stool specimens with MDR and ESBL prevalence of (27.1%) and (26.9%) respectively. Based on clinical diagnosis, prevalence of MDR (29.5%) and ESBL production (28.2%) was found among cases of Urinary tract infections (UTIs), followed by Gastroenteritis (25.3%) and (25.8) respectively. These results indicate a strong association between multidrug resistance and ESBL production in E. coli pathotypes. The Amikacin and Imipenem sensitivity in this study advocates the usage of the carbapenem as the therapeutic alternative in the event of the increasing resistance rates observed with conventional beta-lactam antibiotics.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Phenotypic detection of multidrug resistant extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli from clinical samples

Iliyasu¹,

Uba²,

Agbo³

2018

Afr. J. Cell. Path

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“…This could be explained by the presence of potent anti-bacterial constituents in high concentrations in the extract. Moreover, the specific mode of action of active chemical constituent against microorganisms is attributed to their chemical composition and morphology [31] . The extract was also active on K. pneumonia rather than E. coli, which indicates a higher concentration of the extract is required to inhibit the growth of E. coli.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is possible that the apparent ineffectiveness of N. sativa organic extracts was largely due to this permeability barrier. On the other hand, Gram-positive bacteria are only composed of peptidoglycan cell wall and so are more susceptible to anti-microbial agents [17,31] . Although petroleum ether extract was a crude one, it proved superior over the standard antibiotic, chloramphenicol, when testing against S. aureus, S. epidermidis and B. subtilis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro and In vivo Anti-Microbial Effects of Nigella sativa Linn. Seed Extracts Against Clinical Isolates from Skin Wound Infections

Abu-Al-Basal¹

2009

American J. of Applied Sciences

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Problem statement:The developing microbial resistance to the existing anti-microbial agents has become a real challenge and a serious problem facing patients suffering from skin infections. Seeds of Nigella sativa have been used for a long time in folk medicine for the treatment of such infections. Production of new potent agents is urgently needed, especially for hospitals and health centers. Therefore, the anti-microbial effect of aqueous, diethyl ether, chloroform and petroleum ether extracts of the seeds against four standard microbial strains and seven clinical isolates from patients with skin wound infections were investigated. Approach: The in vitro anti-microbial effect of the extracts at a concentration of 20% on standard strains and clinical isolates was assessed and compared with standard drugs, chloramphenicol and amphotericin B using agar well diffusion assay. The in vivo anti-bacterial effect of petroleum ether extract was studied in male BALB/c mice infected subcutaneously with S. aureus (ATCC 25923) or a clinical isolate (0.1 mL from 10 9 colony forming units mL −1 suspension) and immediately treated at the infected site by subcutaneous injection of 0.1 mL of pure extract (fixed oil) or chloramphenicol or normal saline. Counts of viable bacteria present in the skin area corresponding to the infected site were determined, after 24 and 48 h of infection and treatment. Results: The aqueous extract did not show any inhibitory effect against all the tested microorganisms. The diethyl ether and chloroform extracts indicated significant inhibitory effect only against Gram-positive bacteria. However, petroleum ether extract was proved to be the most powerful one against these bacteria and also against other clinical isolates like one Gram-negative bacterium (Klebsiella pneumonia) and the yeast (Candida albicans). Moreover, the extract revealed a superior effect over the standard drug, chloramphenicol, on the clearance of subcutaneous staphylococcal infection in mice when injected at the site of infection. Counts of viable bacteria were decreased at highly significant level in mice infected with S. aureus (ATCC 25923) or a clinical isolate. Conclusion/Recommendations:The results of this study revealed clear potentiality of N. sativa fixed oil as a source for anti-microbial drugs and support its use in folk medicine for the treatment of microbial skin infections.

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“…In Nepal, Bora et al [11] also reported that Klebsiella pneumoniae from clinical isolates expressed MBLs. In another related study, Enwuru et al [12] in Lagos, Nigeria also reported that Klebsiella species from hospital environments expressed MBL phenotypically, and that these organisms are resistant to some commonly available antibiotics. The emergence and spread of MBL-producing Klebsiella species in the community as reported in this study may portend public health issues if these organisms are transmitted to humans via the food chain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Emerging Multidrug Resistant Metallo-β-Lactamases (MBLs) Positive Klebsiella Species from Cloacal Swabs of Poultry Birds

Chika¹,

Ifeanyichukwu²,

Benigna³

et al. 2017

J Bacteriol Parasitol

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The increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistant bacteria in the community is a public health issue because this phenomenon compromises our ability to effectively treat infectious diseases since these organisms such as those that express metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) are usually resistant to a wide variety of antibiotics. This study investigated the frequency of Klebsiella species from a local poultry farm that produced metallo-β-lactamase using phenotypic detection technique. Forty (40) samples from the cloacae of poultry birds were used for this study. Each sample was bacteriologically analyzed on MacConkey agar, and the isolated organism was identified by standard microbiology techniques. Susceptibility testing was done using disk diffusion technique, and the production of MBL was confirmed using disk diffusion technique in which EDTA was used as a chelating agent. Totally, 24 Klebsiella species isolates were isolated from the samples. High resistance of the Klebsiella species isolates was observed to oxacillin (100 %), ofloxacin (95.8 %), gentamicin (87.5 %), ertapenem (62.5 %), cefoxitin (58.3 %) and ciprofloxacin (87.5 %). The expression of MBL was only confirmed phenotypically in 5 (41.7%) Klebsiella species isolates. The indiscriminate use of antibiotics especially in the rearing of animals allows microbes to develop resistance through selective pressure. However, the timely and accurate detection of drug resistant microbes is critical to forestalling the emergence and spread these organisms in the community.

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Evaluation of antibacterial activity and acute toxicity of the hydroethanolic extract of Stachytarpheta angustifolia (Mill) Vahl.

Cited by 16 publications

References 11 publications

Phenotypic detection of multidrug resistant extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli from clinical samples

Phenotypic detection of multidrug resistant extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli from clinical samples

In vitro and In vivo Anti-Microbial Effects of Nigella sativa Linn. Seed Extracts Against Clinical Isolates from Skin Wound Infections

Emerging Multidrug Resistant Metallo-β-Lactamases (MBLs) Positive Klebsiella Species from Cloacal Swabs of Poultry Birds

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