Evaluation of Anti-TBGL Antibody in the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis Patients in China

Abstract

Tuberculous glycolipid (TBGL) is a component of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis cell wall, and anti-TBGL antibodies are used for serodiagnosis of tuberculosis. Anti-TBGL IgG and IgA levels were measured in 45 pulmonary TB patients (PTB), 26 extra-pulmonary TB patients (ETB), 16 AIDS-TB patients, and 58 healthy controls (HC) including 39 health care workers (HW) and 19 newly enrolled students (ST). Anti-TBGL IgG measurements yielded 68.9% and 46.2% sensitivity in PTB and ETB, respectively, and 81.0% specificity. However, anti-TBGL IgA measurements were significantly less sensitive in detecting ETB than PTB (15.4% versus 46.7% sensitivity) but showed up to 89.7% specificity. Samples from AIDS-TB patients exhibited low reaction of anti-TBGL IgG and IgA with 6.3% and 12.5% sensitivity, respectively. Unlike anti-lipoarabinomannan (LAM) IgG that was found to elevate in sputum smearpositive subjects, anti-TBGL IgG and IgA elevated in those with cavitation and bronchiectasis, respectively. Anti-TBGL IgG in cavitary TB yielded 78.2% sensitivity compared to 57.1% in those otherwise. Meanwhile, higher anti-TBGL IgA titers were observed in HW than in ST, and increasing anti-TBGL IgG titers were observed in HW on follow-up. Therefore, higher anti-TBGL antibody titers are present in patients presenting cavities and bronchiectasis and subjects under TB exposure risk.

An Observational Case-Control Study to Determine Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Host Factor Influence on Biomarker Distribution and Serodiagnostic Potential in Adult Pulmonary Tuberculosis

“…The inverse relationship observed between enlarged lymph nodes and anti-A60 IgA may relate to previous implications of IgA deficiency being a cause of idiopathic lymphadenapathy [40], whereby patients with less propensity to produce IgA may be more likely to manifest lymphadenapathy. Conversely, lower anti-A60 IgA observed in patients with expectoration appears to contradict a recent report of increased anti-tuberculous glycolipid IgA in patients with cavitary TB and bronchoiectasis [41]—but this may reflect the difference in antigens evaluated. Among the demographic host factors evaluated, only alcohol consumption had significant positive association with CRP, anti-A60 IgG and anti-A60 IgA, though the degree of association varied by PTB subpopulation.…”

Secretion of IFN-γ Associated with Galectin-9 Production by Pleural Fluid Cells from a Patient with Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis

“…All assays were performed according to manufacturer’s instructions and the results were expressed in pg/mL. Plasma levels of anti-TBGL IgG and IgA were measured using the Determiner TBGL Antibody ELISA kit (Kyowa Medex Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) [ 45 ].…”

Difference in Antibody Responses toMycobacterium tuberculosisAntigens in Japanese Tuberculosis Patients Infected with the Beijing/Non-Beijing Genotype

“…To stop the reaction, 100 μ L of 0.5 M sulfuric acid was added to each well, and the absorbance was read at 450 nm. For other antigens, after 100 μ L of each of 4 μ g/mL HBHA, 14 μ g/mL Ag85A, 6 μ g/mL Ag85B, 1 μ g/mL ACR, 8 μ g/mL MDP-1, 3 μ g/mL TDM-M, 3 μ g/mL TDM-K, and 0.5 μ g/mL LAM were coated, similar methods were conducted to detect their specific corresponding IgG [ 25 , 26 ]. Plasma TBGL IgG and TBGL IgA levels were measured using the Determiner TBGL Antibody ELISA Kit (Kyowa Medex Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) [ 32 ].…”

“…TDM derivatives, including trehalose methoxy-dimycolate (TDM-M) and trehalose keto-dimycolate (TDM-K), from MTB H37Rv constitute the major antigens of TBGL [ 24 ]. Anti-TBGL IgG and anti-lipoarabinomannan (LAM) antibodies were tested in the clinic as biomarkers for active TB infections (ATB) [ 25 ]. In our previous study, high plasma levels of anti-ACR, anti-LAM, anti-trehalose dimycolate (anti-TDM), and anti-TBGL IgG were found in patients with ATB, compared to those in the LTBI and control subjects [ 26 ].…”