Evaluation of anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic effects of ethanolic extract of <i>Pedalium murex</i> linn. fruits

Abstract

This study investigated the possible anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic effects of ethanolic extract of Pedalium murex Linn. fruits in selected experimental animal models. Anti-inflammatory activity of Pedalium murex Linn., with doses of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg, p.o., was evaluated by Lambda-carrageenan induced paw oedema in Wistar albino rats; analgesic activity with doses of 280 mg/kg and 560 mg/kg, p.o., was evaluated by hot plate method and acetic acid induced writhing method in Swiss albino mice; and antipyretic activity with doses of 110 mg/kg and 220 mg/kg, p.o., was evaluated in New Zealand white rabbits by injecting gram -ve lipopolysaccharide obtained from E. coli. Results were analysed by one way ANOVA followed by Dunnet's multiple comparison test. Pedalium murex Linn. showed significant anti-inflammatory activity from 15 min to 180 min as compared to vehicle treated animals. It was comparable to diclofenac sodium at 180 min. The extract did not prolong the reaction time on hot plate method but significantly reduced the number of writhing after acetic acid administration. Also the extract did not show any antipyretic activity on lipopolysaccharide induced pyrexia. It is therefore concluded that the ethanolic extract of Pedalium murex Linn. fruits has an anti-inflammatory and peripheral analgesic effects.

Eco-friendly synthesis, characterization, in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of silver nanoparticle-mediated <em>Selaginella myosurus</em> aqueous extract

“…It is a widely used experimental model of acute inflammation that exhibits a high degree of reproducibility. 47 The characteristic swelling that occurs in the rat paw is due to increased vascular permeability and edema formation. 48 Edema induced by carrageenan is a triphasic response that involves the release of different mediators including histamine and serotonin in the first phase (1 hour).…”

Investigation of Anti-Inflammatory and Antinociceptive Effects of Aqueous Extracts of Artemisia Afra in Wistar Rats

“…Although the present study did not determine the phytochemical composition of the test product, earlier studies elsewhere have reported that aqueous extract of A. afra possesses flavonoids [30]. Among others, flavonoids suppress cyclooxygenase activities and reduce the secretion of arachidonic acid [19].…”

“…To assess the effects of A. afra extract on thermally induced pain, a hot plate was used according to the modified protocol as previously described [19]. Rats were divided into five groups of six animals each and pretreated as described above.…”

In vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of green synthesized silver nanoparticles from the aqueous bark extract of Mangifera indica Linn. (Anacardiaceae)

“…It is the standard experimental model of acute inflammation used to screen in vivo the antiinflammatory potential of various compounds. The method exhibits a high degree of reproducibility and allow to ascertain action mechanisms of tested substances [39]. The inflammatory condition induced by the subplantar injection of carrageenan in rats involves step-wise release of vasoactive substances such as serotonin, histamine and kinins in the early phase (0-2 h) and prostaglandins and cyclooxygenase products in the late acute phase (>3 h) [40,41].…”