Evaluation of Anti-diarrheal Potential of Hydro-alcoholic Extracts of Leaves ofMurraya koenigiiin Experimental Animals

Ramasamy, Anand; Das, Saibal; Mani, Vasudevan; Sengottuvelu, S.; Prabhu, V. Vinoth

doi:10.3109/19390211.2015.1101636

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The inhibition of castor oil-induced diarrhea might be linked to protection against gastric irritation and inflammation as well as reduction in prostaglandin release [ 27 , 28 ]. Ricinoleic acid, the active metabolite of castor oil, causes irritation and inflammation of the intestinal mucosa which leads to increased prostaglandin release, enhanced peristalsis, and reduced reabsorption of sodium ion, chloride ion, and water from the gut which give rise to diarrhea [ 29 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antidiarrheal and Antioxidant Activities of Methanol Extract of Bryophyllum pinnatum Leaf Harvested from South-Eastern Nigeria in Mice

Onoja

Ihejirika

Nwankudu

et al. 2018

Journal of Pharmaceutics

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Bryophyllum pinnatum belongs to the family Crassulaceae and it is commonly used in the ethnomedical practices. This study investigated the antidiarrheal and antioxidant properties of methanol extract of Bryophyllum pinnatum leaf harvested from South-Eastern Nigeria in mice. Cold maceration method in 80% methanol was adopted in the extract preparation. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays were used to evaluate the antioxidant property while castor oil-induced diarrhea, small intestinal transit, and enteropooling models were used for the antidiarrheal investigation. The effects of the extract (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) were compared to distilled water (10 ml/kg) and loperamide (5 mg/kg). The extract produced concentration dependent increase in antioxidant effect in both DPPH and FRAP assay. The extract caused a significant (p < 0.05) reduction in mean stool output, percentage of wet stools, small intestinal transit, and intestinal fluid accumulation in the treated mice when compared to the distilled water treated mice. The study validates the use of Bryophyllum pinnatum in the ethnomedical management of diarrhea.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antidiarrheal and Antioxidant Activities of Methanol Extract of Bryophyllum pinnatum Leaf Harvested from South-Eastern Nigeria in Mice

Onoja

Ihejirika

Nwankudu

et al. 2018

Journal of Pharmaceutics

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“…Their antidiarrheal activities are comparable with the reference drug loperamide. The antidiarrheal activities of the seed oil and extract maybe attributed to protection against gastric irritation, inflammation and reduced prostaglandin release (Ramasamy et al, 2016;Umukoro & Ashorobi, 2005). The antidiarrheal properties may also be link to the rich phytochemical contents of the seed oil and extract (Han et al, 2014;Otshudi et al, 2000;Venkatesan et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro antioxidant and antidiarrheal activities of aqueous and n-hexane extracts of Cucurbita maxima seed in castor oil-induced diarrheal rats

Tijjani¹,

Matinja²,

Yahya³

et al. 2022

NRFHH

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Diarrhea is a common health complaint occurring with mild, temporary conditions to a potentially life-threatening condition. Cucurbita maxima (Cucurbitaceae) seed is reportedly used traditionally for the treatment of diarrheal and thus this study aimed to evaluate the in vitro antioxidants, total tannins, phenolics contents, and antidiarrheal potentials of n-hexane and aqueous C. maxima seed extracts in castor oil induced diarrheal rats. The n-hexane extract mainly contains oils while the aqueous extract was thick, brown solid. The aqueous and n-hexane seed extract of C. maxima expressed significant 2,2, diphenyl-1-picrythdrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activities at 6.25 – 1000 mg/mL with IC50 values of 104.01 mg/mL, 29.27 mg/mL and 26.78 mg/mL for n-hexane, aqueous and vitamin C respectively. The hydroxyl radical scavenging activities of the n-hexane and aqueous seed extract of C. maxima were significantly lower at higher concentrations compared with that of vitamin C. Furthermore, the total antioxidant capacities of n-hexane (22.08mg/mL) and aqueous seed extract (11.03 mg/mL) of C. maxima were found to be higher than that of vitamin C (134.46 mg/mL). The aqueous extracts (658.33±380.08 mg QE/g) total tannins were not significantly different from the n-hexane extract (468.33±102.55 mg QE/g) while the n-hexane extract contains significantly higher total phenolics (2.93±1.25 mg GAE/g) compared with the aqueous extract (0.19±0.04 mg GAE/g). Percentage inhibition of stooling was found to be 57±22%, 41±16%, and 46±11% for loperamide, n-hexane, and aqueous respectively. The study concludes that aqueous and n-hexane seed extracts of C. maxima (pumpkin) possess in vitro antioxidant activities and antidiarrheal properties.

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“…Ricinoleic acid, via inflammation and injury to the intestinal mucosa, discharges prostaglandin, which in turn induces changes in the transport of electrolytes and the pervasion of the mucosa to elicit secretory and motility diarrhoea. This is done by increasing fluid secretion, decreasing water and electrolyte absorption, decreasing active Na + and K + reabsorption, and decreasing Na + –K + ATPase [ 46 , 47 ]. Increased peristaltic activity alteration in the transport of electrolytes and water is among the side effects of castor oil, which also causes constriction of intestinal smooth muscles and an increase in intestinal content volume by blocking water reabsorption [ 46 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside-rich fraction demonstrated efficacy against infectious, secretory, and osmotic models of diarrhoeal rats

Ogunro

Ofeniforo

Fakayode

2023

Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology

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Background The prevalence of diarrhoea remains high despite efforts by governments and NGOs to reverse trend. This study investigated the antidiarrhoeal activity and mechanism of Spondias mombin leaf fraction rich in quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (Q3G-RF) because of the acclaimed therapeutic efficacy. Secretory, osmotic, and infectious diarrhoea models using castor oil, magnesium sulphate, and Shigella flexneri respectively were evaluated at the doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg in Wistar rats. Enteropathy was induced with castor oil and magnesium sulphate, while gastrointestinal motility was determined with charcoal meal. Results Findings showed no mortality after 14 days of experimental period and no significant changes in behaviour, food, and water consumption. Relative to control, Q3G-RF inhibited the three models of diarrhoea, enteropathy, and gastrointestinal motility; bacterial colonies were reduced by Q3G-RF, while it improved the relative body weight of the animals. Q3G-RF also increased the intestinal concentration/activity of glucose, total protein, and Na+–K+ ATPase but reduced the concentration of TNF-α, PGE2, IL-1β, nitric oxide, Na+, K+, and Cl− in the diarrhoeal models. The intestinal fluid level of K+, Na+, and Cl− was significantly decreased by Q3G-RF in the enteropathy model. Length of the small intestine in the motility model was also increased by Q3G-RF, while peristaltic index and inhibition of peristalsis were reduced. Conclusion Overall, quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside from Spondias mombin leaves demonstrated efficacy against infectious, secretory, and osmotic form of diarrhoeal and further justified its traditional use in the treatment of diarrhoea due to its antimotility, antisecretory, and antimicrobial properties by mechanism related to enhanced Na+–K+ ATPase, repressed nitric oxide, and suppressed prostaglandins.

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Evaluation of Anti-diarrheal Potential of Hydro-alcoholic Extracts of Leaves ofMurraya koenigiiin Experimental Animals

Abstract: Hydro-alcoholic extract of Murraya koenigii leaves possesses significant anti-diarrheal activity due to its inhibitory effect on gastrointestinal motility, making it useful for a wide number of gastrointestinal diseases.

Cited by 8 publications

References 6 publications

Antidiarrheal and Antioxidant Activities of Methanol Extract of Bryophyllum pinnatum Leaf Harvested from South-Eastern Nigeria in Mice

Antidiarrheal and Antioxidant Activities of Methanol Extract of Bryophyllum pinnatum Leaf Harvested from South-Eastern Nigeria in Mice

<i>In vitro</i> antioxidant and antidiarrheal activities of aqueous and <i>n</i>-hexane extracts of <i>Cucurbita maxima</i> seed in castor oil-induced diarrheal rats

Quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside-rich fraction demonstrated efficacy against infectious, secretory, and osmotic models of diarrhoeal rats

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