Evaluation of anatomical consistency in craniofacial superimposition images

Yoshino, Mineo; Imaizumi, Kazunori; Miyasaka, Sachio; Seta, Sueshige

doi:10.1016/0379-0738(95)01742-2

Cited by 62 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Due to problems with personal identification in South Africa (3,13) and high crime rates, this procedure is commonly used in this country. Although some reports on reliability have been published (4,(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21) its accuracy has never been tested in a consistent manner and also not on a South African population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An investigation into the accuracy and reliability of skull-photo superimposition in a South African sample

Gordon

Steyn

2012

Forensic Science International

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One of the aims of forensic science is to determine the identities of victims of crime. In some cases the investigators may have ideas as to the identities of the victims and in these situations, ante mortem photographs of the victims could be used in order to try and establish identity through skull-photo superimposition. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of a newly developed digital photographic superimposition technique on a South African sample of cadaver photographs and skulls. Forty facial photographs were selected and for each photo, 10 skulls (including the skull corresponding to the photo) were used for superimposition. The investigator did not know which of the 10 skulls corresponded to the photograph in question. The skulls were scanned 3-dimensionally, using a Cyberware™ Model 3030 Colour-3D Scanhead scanner. The photos were also scanned. Superimposition was done in 3D Studio Max and involved a morphological superimposition, whereby a skull is superimposed over the photo and assessed for a morphological match. Superimposition using selected anatomical landmarks was also performed to assess the match. A total of 400 skull-photo superimpositions were carried out using the morphological assessment and another 400 using the anatomical landmarks. In 85% of cases the correct skull was included in the possible matches for a particular photo using morphological assessment. However, in all of these cases, between zero and three other skulls out of 10 possibilities could also match a specific photo. In the landmark based assessment, the correct skull was included in 80% of cases. Once again, however, between one and seven other skulls out of 10 possibilities also matched the photo. This indicates that skull-photo superimposition has limited use in the identification of human skeletal remains, but may be useful as an initial screening tool. Corroborative techniques should also be used in the identification process.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An investigation into the accuracy and reliability of skull-photo superimposition in a South African sample

Gordon

Steyn

2012

Forensic Science International

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“…The range of the average perpendicular diŠerence was 0.5 1.6 mm for the same person and 1.0 4.3 mm for diŠerent people, respectively. The average perpendicular diŠerence and percentage error at the FP/FN crossover point were 1.5 mm and 7.5 44) . When the sum value of the average perpendicular diŠerence and the average pointto-point diŠerence is used as a criterion, the reliability for the judgment of facial identiˆcation would be improved.…”

Section: Evaluation Of Reliability In Facial Image Identiˆcationmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Thus, in addition to the morphological comparison, the distance between the selected two points and angle among the selected three points in both images are automatically measured 7) . Furthermore, the morphometrical matching such as anatomical landmarks 7,42,43) and facial outlines 44) can be carried out on the face-to-face superimposition images.…”

Section: B 2d/3d Facial Images Superimpositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the case of the diŠerent person, the 3D facial images of 25 subjects were each compared to the 2D facial images of other 24 subjects, yielding 600 superimpositions. As the matching criteria, the average point-to-point diŠerence of 16 reciprocal landmarks 42,43) , the average perpendicular diŠerence of the facial outlines 44) and both average diŠerence 45) between the 3D and 2D images were used (Fig 12, 13). The range of the average point-to-point diŠerence was 1.4 3.3 mm for the same person and 2.6 7.0 mm for diŠerent people, respectively.…”

Section: Evaluation Of Reliability In Facial Image Identiˆcationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent Advances in Facial Image Identification

Yoshino

2002

Jpn. J. Sci. Tech. Iden.

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This paper reviewed recent advances in facial image identiˆcation from the forensic aspects. Although literatures reviewed included mathematics and computer engineeringˆelds, anthropological techniques were mainly described. Facial image identiˆcation is generally attempted using three methods: morphological comparison of facial features, facial image anthropometry and face-to-face superimposition. The most commonly employed method in actual caseworks is morphological comparison based on surface anatomy, followed by anthropometrical analysis and then face-to-face superimposition. The current technique using a 2D/3D facial image superimposition was introduced and its advantage and disadvantage were described. The evaluation of reliability in facial image identiˆcation including expert opinions was discussed, along with some problems of facial images submitted as evidential samples.

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“…This system has proven to be a useful tool for facial image identiˆcation because the superimposition of two facial images can be performed under the same parameters of facial orientation, allowing the comparison of the shapes of facial components from identical viewpoints and therefore under identical conditions. Furthermore, this system enabled both anthropometrical analysis and morphometric matching using anatomical landmarks and facial outlines 1,2) to be performed. The reliability and limitation of our computer-assisted facial identiˆcation system has been assessed with respect to various parameters which have included disguised faces, diŠerent qualities of facial images and ethnic characteristics 2 8) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automatic Adjustment of Facial Orientation in 3D Face Image Database

Yoshino

Imaizumi

Tanijiri³

et al. 2003

Jpn. J. Sci. Tech. Iden.

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The morphometric matching method for identifying persons from surveillance images using a computer-assisted facial image identiˆcation system has now been introduced to actual criminal casework. However, it is still sometimes a laborious task to rapidly distinguish a criminal from a number of suspects using the existing current facial identiˆcation system. Therefore in this study new software, which automatically adjusts the orientation of 3D face images in the database, was designed and its availability was experimentally evaluated as a preliminary step of an automatic face image identiˆcation system. From a total 5000 superimpositions of the 2D face images of 50 subjects which were compared automatically with the 3D face images of 100 suspects, only 18 face images of suspects (0.4) showed inadequate orientation compared to their corresponding 2D face images for recognition purposes. From this experiment, it is concluded that the software developed will be applicable to the automatic adjustment of facial orientation in the 3D face image database and this is anticipated to improved the e‹ciency of policing in Japan as 3D imaging systems are deployed.

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Evaluation of anatomical consistency in craniofacial superimposition images

Cited by 62 publications

References 7 publications

An investigation into the accuracy and reliability of skull-photo superimposition in a South African sample

An investigation into the accuracy and reliability of skull-photo superimposition in a South African sample

Recent Advances in Facial Image Identification

Automatic Adjustment of Facial Orientation in 3D Face Image Database

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