Evaluation of an eye-pointer interaction device for human-computer interaction

Abstract

Advances in eye-tracking technology have led to better human-computer interaction, and involve controlling a computer without any kind of physical contact. This research describes the transformation of a commercial eye-tracker for use as an alternative peripheral device in human-computer interactions, implementing a pointer that only needs the eye movements of a user facing a computer screen, thus replacing the need to control the software by hand movements. The experiment was performed with 30 test individuals who used the prototype with a set of educational videogames. The results show that, although most of the test subjects would prefer a mouse to control the pointer, the prototype tested has an empirical precision similar to that of the mouse, either when trying to control its movements or when attempting to click on a point of the screen.

Electronic Nose, Tongue and Eye: Their Usefulness for the Food Industry

“…The design of the case, such as the geometry, the walls interior color, and the background, is fundamental to obtain high-quality images. One of the options for offline imaging is flatbed scanners, which provide uniform illumination with good contrast and resolution (77).…”

Optical Mouse Sensor for Eye Blink Detection and Pupil Tracking: Application in a Low-Cost Eye-Controlled Pointing Device

“…Once the valley limits are detected, it is necessary to find pupil region candidates. For each row i = i UP (with a valley found), the algorithm search a possible pupil region finishing at the lower row (i DOWN ) which satisfies the restrictions of Equation (10). The region has to be comprised with a valid set of adjacent valleys (consecutive rows in the image) with a length between ε PMIN and ε PMAX (pupil height), and the difference between adjacent valley limits (consecutive rows), both left and right, has to be less than ε BDIFF .…”

“…Several alternatives have been proposed to allow people with mobility impairments in the upper extremities to control the computer pointer. These are mainly based on the detection and measurement of such remaining body motions as facial gestures [1,2], mouth movement [3,4], head movements [5][6][7][8], eye tracking [9,10], sticker tracking [11,12], breath [13,14], tongue displacements [15], or a combination of them [16]. Nevertheless, there are people with such severe disability that they cannot move any extremity, neck, or head and are only able to interact with computer devices using their eyes, eyebrows, tongue, mouth, breath, or brain activity [17][18][19].…”

“…Examples of remote pupil gaze devices on the market are [21][22][23][24] which are expensive (> $6,000) due to the high-resolution camera, the lenses, and the dedicated illumination system cost. The head-mounted devices are mostly based on a custom structure holding a small intrusive low-resolution camera in front of the user's face [10,[25][26][27].…”

“…Although it proposes to use low-cost off-the-shelf components and a set of open-source software, the installation is complicated because the multiple parts. Recently, Cáceres et al [10] proposed to use a head-mounted commercial eye tracker along with a modified webcam to develop an inexpensive eye pointer, obtaining a successful user evaluation. However, it requires a precise installation of infrared lights at the corners of the screen.…”