Evaluation of Alteration in Serum Lipid Levels in Patients with Chronic Periodontitis Postperiodontal Therapy

Abstract

Aim: There is growing evidence that periodontitis may affect general health. This study was assigned to explore changes in cholesterol levels following nonsurgical periodontal therapy in patients with chronic periodontitis. Materials and methods:Periodontal parameters and lipid profile (total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, triglycerides and very low-density lipoprotein) were evaluated in 50 subjects suffering from moderate to severe generalized chronic periodontitis.Results: At third month, there was significant reduction in total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, very low density lipoprotein, triglyceride and increase in high density lipoprotein after nonsurgical periodontal therapy (NSPT). Also, the reduction in bleeding on probing, pocket depth and attachment level were statistically significant in the treatment group. Conclusion:The results of our study showed that periodontal destruction and serum lipid levels are positively correlated and nonsurgical periodontal treatment in chronic periodontitis patients resulted in significant changes in the concentration of total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, LDL levels in blood serum.

Effect of Non‐Surgical Periodontal Treatment on Clinical and Biochemical Risk Markers of Cardiovascular Disease: A Randomized Trial

“…Another study 36 reported that all lipid parameters decreased after periodontal treatment at the end of 3 months, but only TC and LDL reached statistical significance compared with baseline. One more study 37 reported a reduction of TGL, TC, LDL, and VLDL, with an elevation of HDL. All were statistically significant after periodontal treatment at the end of 3 months.…”

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“…The studies conducted so far indicate that patients with PD have a higher CV risk compared to individuals with periodontal integrity, and also reveal the presence of pathogenic periodontal agents in the early atheroma plaques. (21) Losche et al, cited by Thombre, demonstrates a relationship between periodontal changes and hyperlipidemia, by linking higher plasma TG levels and lower HDL-cholesterol in patients with periodontal damage, compared to healthy subjects. Thus, is it stood for the role of PD as a risk factor for hyperlipidemia.…”

“…(21,22) Analyzing serum parameters before and after periodontal treatment in a group of 50 patients with PD, Thombre et al showed a positive correlation between periodontal damage and levels of total cholesterol, LDL, VLDL, TG and HDL and a direct correlation between periodontal health and HDL. (21) Cutler et al states that there is a tight correlation between the extent of periodontal damage, plasma lipid concentrations and the presence of anti-Porphyromonas gingivalis antibodies. This is explained by the fact that the high levels of TG may modulate the production of PMN IL-1b, as a consequence of the stimulation induced by P.gingivalis.…”