Evaluation of Allergenicity of Egg Yolk Immunoglobulin Y and Other Egg Proteins by Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis

Akita, E. M.; Jang, Colin B.; Kitts, David D.; Nakai, S.

doi:10.1080/09540109999861

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…As a result, dietary antigens are presented in association with signals that drive a suppressive immune response. It has been reported that IgY is highly immunogenic as it has been used as a model antigen for testing mucosal adjuvants, which might explain the presence of IgG anti IgY in sera of treated animals [69], [70]. On the contrary, the oral administration of VHH nanoAbs might induce a tolerant state, preventing the host from eliciting an anti-VHH immune response, but further studies must be conducted to confirm this statement.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recombinant Monovalent Llama-Derived Antibody Fragments (VHH) to Rotavirus VP6 Protect Neonatal Gnotobiotic Piglets against Human Rotavirus-Induced Diarrhea

Vega¹,

Bok²,

Vlasova

et al. 2013

PLoS Pathog

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Group A Rotavirus (RVA) is the leading cause of severe diarrhea in children. The aims of the present study were to determine the neutralizing activity of VP6-specific llama-derived single domain nanoantibodies (VHH nanoAbs) against different RVA strains in vitro and to evaluate the ability of G6P[1] VP6-specific llama-derived single domain nanoantibodies (VHH) to protect against human rotavirus in gnotobiotic (Gn) piglets experimentally inoculated with virulent Wa G1P[8] rotavirus. Supplementation of the daily milk diet with 3B2 VHH clone produced using a baculovirus vector expression system (final ELISA antibody -Ab- titer of 4096; virus neutralization -VN- titer of 256) for 9 days conferred full protection against rotavirus associated diarrhea and significantly reduced virus shedding. The administration of comparable levels of porcine IgG Abs only protected 4 out of 6 of the animals from human RVA diarrhea but significantly reduced virus shedding. In contrast, G6P[1]-VP6 rotavirus-specific IgY Abs purified from eggs of hyperimmunized hens failed to protect piglets against human RVA-induced diarrhea or virus shedding when administering similar quantities of Abs. The oral administration of VHH nanoAb neither interfered with the host's isotype profiles of the Ab secreting cell responses to rotavirus, nor induced detectable host Ab responses to the treatment in serum or intestinal contents. This study shows that the oral administration of rotavirus VP6-VHH nanoAb is a broadly reactive and effective treatment against rotavirus-induced diarrhea in neonatal pigs. Our findings highlight the potential value of a broad neutralizing VP6-specific VHH nanoAb as a treatment that can complement or be used as an alternative to the current strain-specific RVA vaccines. Nanobodies could also be scaled-up to develop pediatric medication or functional food like infant milk formulas that might help treat RVA diarrhea.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recombinant Monovalent Llama-Derived Antibody Fragments (VHH) to Rotavirus VP6 Protect Neonatal Gnotobiotic Piglets against Human Rotavirus-Induced Diarrhea

Vega¹,

Bok²,

Vlasova

et al. 2013

PLoS Pathog

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“…In addition, it has been demonstrated in pre-clinical studies that eggs of hyperimmunized hens possessed anti-inflammatory and anti-diarrheic properties and offer benefits to a number of different human structures and functions including the circulatory and immune systems and the joints [35] . Akita and co-workers showed that egg yolk as well as purified IgY Abs were immunogenic but failed to induce a detectable IgE Ab response in intraperitoneally immunized mice [36] . In this study we evaluated the protection against HRV diarrhea conferred by the prophylactic administration of HRV specific IgY Abs to gnotobiotic piglets experimentally inoculated with the prevalent strain of HRV, Wa G1P[8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

IgY Antibodies Protect against Human Rotavirus Induced Diarrhea in the Neonatal Gnotobiotic Piglet Disease Model

Vega¹,

Bok²,

Vlasova

et al. 2012

PLoS ONE

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Group A Rotaviruses are the most common cause of severe, dehydrating diarrhea in children worldwide. The aim of the present work was to evaluate protection against rotavirus (RV) diarrhea conferred by the prophylactic administration of specific IgY antibodies (Ab) to gnotobiotic piglets experimentally inoculated with virulent Wa G1P[8] human rotavirus (HRV). Chicken egg yolk IgY Ab generated from Wa HRV hyperimmunized hens specifically recognized (ELISA) and neutralized Wa HRV in vitro. Supplementation of the RV Ab free cow milk diet with Wa HRV-specific egg yolk IgY Ab at a final ELISA Ab titer of 4096 (virus neutralization –VN- titer = 256) for 9 days conferred full protection against Wa HRV associated diarrhea and significantly reduced virus shedding. This protection was dose-dependent. The oral administration of semi-purified passive IgY Abs from chickens did not affect the isotype profile of the pig Ab secreting cell (ASC) responses to Wa HRV infection, but it was associated with significantly fewer numbers of HRV–specific IgA ASC in the duodenum. We further analyzed the pigś immune responses to the passive IgY treatment. The oral administration of IgY Abs induced IgG Ab responses to chicken IgY in serum and local IgA and IgG Ab responses to IgY in the intestinal contents of neonatal piglets in a dose dependent manner. To our knowledge, this is the first study to show that IgY Abs administered orally as a milk supplement passively protect neonatal pigs against an enteric viral pathogen (HRV). Piglets are an animal model with a gastrointestinal physiology and an immune system that closely mimic human infants. This strategy can be scaled-up to inexpensively produce large amounts of polyclonal IgY Abs from egg yolks to be applied as a preventive and therapeutic passive Ab treatment to control RV diarrhea.

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“…The enzymatic digestion even promoted the release of immunoreactive peptides with IgE‐binding epitopes of fragment 57–83 and fragment 108–122 that are linked by disulfide bonds. In the work done by Akita et al ., the allergenicity of egg yolk IgY was studied using passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) test and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. It was observed that the hydrolysate fragments produced by pepsin digestion exhibited lower IgE antibody response, which was associated with higher suppressor T‐lymphocytes or lower helper T‐lymphocytes, or both.…”

Section: Allergenicity From Egg Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Egg proteins: fractionation, bioactive peptides and allergenicity

Chang

Lahti²,

Tanaka

et al. 2018

J Sci Food Agric

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Eggs are an important source of macro and micronutrients within the diet, comprised of proteins, lipids, vitamins, and minerals. They are constituted by a shell, the white (containing 110 g kg proteins: ovalbumin, ovotransferrin, ovomucoid, lysozyme and ovomucin), and the yolk (containing 150-170 g kg proteins: lipovitellins, phosvitin, livetins, and low-density lipoproteins). Owing to their nutritional value and biological characteristics, both the egg white and yolk proteins are extensively fractionated using different techniques (e.g., liquid chromatography, ultrafiltration, electrophoresis, and chemical precipitation), in which liquid chromatography is the most commonly used technique to obtain individual proteins with high protein recovery and purity to develop novel food products. However, concerns over allergenic responses induced by certain egg proteins (e.g., ovomucoid, ovalbumin, ovotransferrin, lysozyme, α-livetin, and lipoprotein YGP42) limit their widespread use. As such, processing technologies (e.g., thermal processing, enzymatic hydrolysis, and high-pressure treatment) are investigated to reduce the allergenicity by conformational changes. In addition, biological activities (e.g., antioxidant, antimicrobial, antihypertensive, and anticancer activities) associated with egg peptides have received more attention, in which enzyme hydrolysis is demonstrated as a promising way to break polypeptides sequences and produce bioactive peptides to provide nutritional and therapeutic benefits for human health. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.

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Evaluation of Allergenicity of Egg Yolk Immunoglobulin Y and Other Egg Proteins by Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis

Cited by 17 publications

References 30 publications

Recombinant Monovalent Llama-Derived Antibody Fragments (VHH) to Rotavirus VP6 Protect Neonatal Gnotobiotic Piglets against Human Rotavirus-Induced Diarrhea

Recombinant Monovalent Llama-Derived Antibody Fragments (VHH) to Rotavirus VP6 Protect Neonatal Gnotobiotic Piglets against Human Rotavirus-Induced Diarrhea

IgY Antibodies Protect against Human Rotavirus Induced Diarrhea in the Neonatal Gnotobiotic Piglet Disease Model

Egg proteins: fractionation, bioactive peptides and allergenicity

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