Evaluation of alkaloid profiles in hybrid generations of different poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) genotypes

Németh-Zámbori, Éva; Jászberényi, C.; Rajhárt, Péter; Bernáth, J.

doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2011.01.013

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The application of highly sensitive methods such as gas (GC) or liquid chromatography (HPLC) with mass spectrometry (MS) naturally allows for the discrimination between the Papaver species [12], determining high and low alkaloid content varieties [1,13], the geographical origin of poppy varieties [14], or promising breeding lines [15,16]. Nevertheless, it seems that these methods are not sufficiently reliable at the fine scale necessary for the discrimination of individual varieties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New EST-SSR Markers for Individual Genotyping of Opium Poppy Cultivars (Papaver somniferum L.)

Vašek

Čílová

Melounová

et al. 2019

Plants

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High-quality simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers are invaluable tools for revealing genetic variability which could be utilized for many purposes, such as breeding new varieties or the identifying current ones, among other applications. Based on the analysis of 3.7 million EST sequences and 15 genomic sequences from bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) libraries, 200 trinucleotide genic (EST)-SSR and three genomic (gSSR) markers were tested, where 17 of them fulfilled all criteria for quality markers. Moreover, the reproducibility of these new markers was verified by two genetics laboratories, with a mean error rate per allele and per locus equal to 0.17%. These markers were tested on 38 accessions of Papaver somniferum and nine accessions of another five species of the Papaver and Argemone genera. In total, 118 alleles were detected for all accessions (median = 7; three to ten alleles per locus) and 88 alleles (median = 5; three to nine alleles per locus) within P. somniferum alone. Multivariate methods and identity analysis revealed high resolution capabilities of the new markers, where all but three pair accessions (41 out of 47) had a unique profile and opium poppy was distinguished from other species.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New EST-SSR Markers for Individual Genotyping of Opium Poppy Cultivars (Papaver somniferum L.)

Vašek

Čílová

Melounová

et al. 2019

Plants

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“…Poppy straw (i.e. capsules with the seeds removed and with 5–10 cm stem part) contain the same active substances as opium but at a lower concentration (up to 3–4%; Németh‐Zámbori et al., ; Desgagné‐Penix et al., ). Both opium and poppy straw are used as raw material by the pharmaceutical industry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Update of the Scientific Opinion on opium alkaloids in poppy seeds

Knutsen¹,

Alexander²,

Barregård³

et al. 2018

EFS2

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Poppy seeds are obtained from the opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L.). They are used as food and to produce edible oil. The opium poppy plant contains narcotic alkaloids such as morphine and codeine. Poppy seeds do not contain the opium alkaloids, but can become contaminated with alkaloids as a result of pest damage and during harvesting. The European Commission asked EFSA to provide an update of the Scientific Opinion on opium alkaloids in poppy seeds. The assessment is based on data on morphine, codeine, thebaine, oripavine, noscapine and papaverine in poppy seed samples. The CONTAM Panel confirms the acute reference dose (ARfD) of 10 lg morphine/kg body weight (bw) and concluded that the concentration of codeine in the poppy seed samples should be taken into account by converting codeine to morphine equivalents, using a factor of 0.2. The ARfD is therefore a group ARfD for morphine and codeine, expressed in morphine equivalents. Mean and high levels of dietary exposure to morphine equivalents from poppy seeds considered to have high levels of opium alkaloids (i.e. poppy seeds from varieties primarily grown for pharmaceutical use) exceed the ARfD in most age groups. For poppy seeds considered to have relatively low concentrations of opium alkaloids (i.e. primarily varieties for food use), some exceedance of the ARfD is also seen at high levels of dietary exposure in most surveys. For noscapine and papaverine, the available data do not allow making a hazard characterisation. However, comparison of the dietary exposure to the recommended therapeutical doses does not suggest a health concern for these alkaloids. For thebaine and oripavine, no risk characterisation was done due to insufficient data. However, for thebaine, limited evidence indicates a higher acute lethality than for morphine and the estimated exposure could present a health risk.

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“…Studies of genetic character are significant from the longterm perspective (for example Kumar and Patra, 2010). The subject of alkaloid production was studied by Nemeth-Zambori et al (2011) in hybrid generations of five genotypes, representing various chemotypes. Marculescu and Bobit (2001) monitored the content of morphine and the dynamics of its creation over the course of growth and development of the capsule.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Selected Poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) Cultivars: Industrial Aspect

Skalický¹,

Hejnák²,

Novák³

et al. 2014

Turkish Journal of Field Crops

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Fifty-six genotypes (usually cultivars) of various origins, from twelve countries, were analysed for morphine production and significant characteristics of the capsule. The Saaty's method was used to analyse the aspect of morphine production and significant characteristics of the capsule, comparing those values representing significant indicators for that production and the content of morphine in poppy straw. This covered the relation to ideotype ('ideotype cultivar') of poppy, with 100% values in the monitored indicators. In the case of white-seed poppies, generally with a lower content of morphine, in three cultivars (´Pulawski bialy´, ´Bělosemenný´, ´Bulharský slepák bílý´) the value of the industrial indicator was determine over 50% and the content of morphine over 0.50% in the poppy straw. In the set of blue-seed cultivars with three production levels, four cultivars were found with values exceeding 80% of the industrial indicator and morphine in poppy straw over 0.90%. In the set of grey-seed cultivars, four production levels were identified based on the values of morphine and the industrial indicator, while the first two showed good values for production -at least 0.52% of morphine in poppy straw and 50% of the industrial indicator (for example ´Soproni tef´, ´Šarišský´).

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Evaluation of alkaloid profiles in hybrid generations of different poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) genotypes

Cited by 15 publications

References 8 publications

New EST-SSR Markers for Individual Genotyping of Opium Poppy Cultivars (Papaver somniferum L.)

New EST-SSR Markers for Individual Genotyping of Opium Poppy Cultivars (Papaver somniferum L.)

Update of the Scientific Opinion on opium alkaloids in poppy seeds

Evaluation of Selected Poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) Cultivars: Industrial Aspect

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