Evaluation of agronomic traits and yield of cultivated Musa cultivars of Assam, India

Abstract

Banana is an important staple fruit crop consumed worldwide. The present study was carried out to evaluate the agronomic traits of 22 Musa cultivars of Assam, India, performed in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. The cultivars were evaluated based on different agronomic traits such as vegetative characteristics like pseudostem height/girth, pseudostem cross-sectional area, leaf length/girth, leave numbers, and peduncle length/girth. In addition, agronomic traits such as bunch height/girth, bunch weight, number of hands, numbers of fruits per bunch, finger length/girth, and finger weight were also evaluated. The yield of bananas varied from cultivar to cultivar depending on the agronomic traits. The highest yield was observed in Bhim (dangor) (38.34 t/ha) followed by Bharat moni (30.88 t/ha) and Jahaji (saru) (28.75 t/ha), whereas the lowest was recorded in Bawali manohar (11.47 t/ha) and Amrit sagar (11 t/ha). The Pearson's correlation among agronomic traits indicates that the bunch weight, bunch girth, number of hands, fruits per bunch, finger girth, and finger weight were significantly correlated with yield. On the other hand, the number of leaves was negatively correlated with yield. Overall, this study highlighted the agronomic traits of cultivated Musa genotypes, which would be helpful in the banana breeding program.

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