Evaluation of Agronomic Performance of Maize (Zea mays L.) under a Fertilization Gradient in Transylvanian Plain

Abstract

In the last few years, Romania has become a top maize producer. Export potential is sustained by ensuring high-quantity and -quality maize. Success of maize crop is highly dependent on inputs. In this context, insight into the potential of different fertilizers to maximize crop performance could shed light on best practices to enhance yields and other traits of interest. The aim of this study was to assess the agronomic performance of maize under a fertilization gradient. Six fertilizer regimes were tested on three maize hybrids between 2018 and 2020, in conditions from the Transylvanian Plain. Results showed that fertilization had a significant influence on yield, thousand kernels weight, grain quality (starch and protein content) and crop health. The experimental year also played a significant role in the expression of productivity potential of maize genotypes. Different fertilizer regimes could be used for targeting desired outcomes, but top performance across all or multiple agronomic components remains a challenge and should receive further attention for optimization.

Expert-Based Assessment of the Potential of Agroforestry Systems in Plain Regions across Bihor County, Western Romania

“…It was introduced to Europe from Central America at the end of 15th century [117]. Particularly, in Romania, maize is of great interest, being a strategic cereal crop both for internal and foreign markets [118,119].…”

The Impact of Climatic Factors on the Development Stages of Maize Crop in the Transylvanian Plain

“…In Romania, maize is the most widespread crop, and it is used in human and animal nutrition [9]. The cultivation of maize in the Transylvanian Plateau is totally dependent on the amount of water from rainfall and groundwater supply [10]; thus, in order to have satisfactory results in terms of harvest and quality, the monitoring of climatic parameters and soil water supply is of real importance.…”

Application of Unconventional Tillage Systems to Maize Cultivation and Measures for Rational Use of Agricultural Lands

“…Maize (Zea mays L.) represents an important crop with multiple uses and advantages [1][2][3]. Being a very versatile crop, it is used in human nutrition [4] as an important source of minerals, fiber, carbohydrates, and a complex of vitamins A and B; as fodder grains, flour, silage, and cob; in the production of alcohol, starch, dextrin, glucose, and corn oil; and in obtaining bioethanol, bio-gas, etc. [5].…”

“…Regarding exports, the United States of America occupies the first place by far, while Romania ranks in sixth place, representing 3.3% of the world exports of this product [10]. Worldwide, it is estimated that unconventional soil tillage systems are practiced on an area of more than 70 million ha [4], most of which is in Latin America, the United States of America, and Australia, with only a small part in other areas of the world.…”