Evaluation of Age-Related Intraorbital Fat Herniation through Computed Tomography

Chen, Yo-Shen; Tsai, Tzu‐Hsiu; Wu, Ming-Luen; Chang, Kai‐Chih; Lin, Tsuo-Wu

doi:10.1097/prs.0b013e318185d370

Cited by 21 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…[6][7][8][9][10][11][12]23 Other studies have examined age-related volumetric changes in the facial soft tissue and described an increase in the orbital fat and lower eyelid fat, as well as selective atrophy in the cheek fat associated with increasing patient age. 1,[24][25][26][27] While prior studies have described the repositioning of facial soft tissues and the volume changes in the facial fat as primary contributors to the appearance of an older face, it is also possible that specific, age-related changes in facial tissue properties also contribute to the findings associated with an older appearing face.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

MR relaxometry for the facial ageing assessment: the preliminary study of the age dependency in the MR relaxometry parameters within the facial soft tissue

Watanabe

Buch

Fujita

et al. 2015

Dentomaxillofacial Radiology

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Objectives: To investigate the location-specific tissue properties and age-related changes of the facial fat and facial muscles using quantitative MRI (qMRI) analysis of longitudinal magnetization (T1) and transverse magnetization (T2) values. Methods: 38 subjects (20 males and 18 females, 0.5-87 years old) were imaged with a mixed turbo-spin echo sequence at 1.5 T. T1 and T2 measurements were obtained within regions of interest in six facial fat regions including the buccal fat and subcutaneous cheek fat, four eyelid fat regions (lateral upper, medial upper, lateral lower and medial lower) and five facial muscles including the orbicularis oculi, orbicularis oris, buccinator, zygomaticus major and masseter muscles bilaterally. Results: Within the zygomaticus major muscle, age-associated T1 decreases in females and T1 increases in males were observed in later life with an increase in T2 values with age. The orbicularis oculi muscles showed lower T1 and higher T2 values compared to the masseter, orbicularis oris and buccinator muscles, which demonstrated small age-related changes. The dramatic age-related changes were also observed in the eyelid fat regions, particularly within the lower eyelid fat; negative correlations with age in T1 values (p , 0.0001 for age) and prominent positive correlation in T2 values in male subjects (p , 0.0001 for male 3 age). Age-related changes were not observed in T2 values within the subcutaneous cheek fat. Conclusions: This study demonstrates proof of concept using T1 and T2 values to assess agerelated changes of the facial soft tissues, demonstrating tissue-specific qMRI measurements and non-uniform ageing patterns within different regions of facial soft tissues. Dentomaxillofacial Radiology (2015) 44, 20150047. doi: 10.1259/dmfr.20150047 Cite this article as: Watanabe M, Buch K, Fujita A, Christiansen CL, Jara H, Sakai O. MR relaxometry for the facial ageing assessment: the preliminary study of the age dependency in the MR relaxometry parameters within the facial soft tissue. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2015; 44: 20150047.Keywords: ageing; facial muscles; adipose tissue; magnetic resonance imaging; quantitative evaluation IntroductionThe face is a complex, multifunctional structure responsible for conveying various emotional expressions. The investigations into the mechanisms of facial ageing have revealed a multifactorial process involving a combination of structures with functional and structural changes including loss of elasticity, facial fat atrophy, weakened muscular support and bony Correspondence to: Dr Memi Watanabe. E-mail: memi.watanabe@bmc.org Cindy L Christiansen received funds from Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, for statistical support. Hernán Jara is named inventor in several patents held by Boston University and Boston Medical Center pertaining to quantitative MRI and Synthetic MRI algorithms and these could be licensed to a major MRI manufacturer (negotiations are taking place with GE Healthcare). Hernán Jara also has received royal...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

MR relaxometry for the facial ageing assessment: the preliminary study of the age dependency in the MR relaxometry parameters within the facial soft tissue

Watanabe

Buch

Fujita

et al. 2015

Dentomaxillofacial Radiology

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“…Several studies have measured globe position in healthy persons, SCS patients, Graves patients or patients with ophthalmic problems (Chen et al, 2008;Lee et al, 2001;Ozgen and Ariyurek, 1998;Sheikh et al, 2007). Usually in these studies a line was drawn between the most anterior points of the lateral orbital rims, using an axial CT-slice at midglobe level.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orbital change following Le Fort III advancement in syndromic craniosynostosis: Quantitative evaluation of orbital volume, infra-orbital rim and globe position

Nout¹,

Bezooijen²,

Veenland³

et al. 2012

Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery

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“…An increase in the use of MDCT and advancements in image analysis technology have made it feasible to create 3D CT images from routine images. Three-dimensional CT and reconstructed CT images provide detailed anatomic information [6–8]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, Furnas [5] reported that baggy eyelids are attributable to laxity in the orbicularis oculi muscle. Using computed tomography (CT), Chen et al [6] described the relationship between intraorbital fat herniation or orbital fat prolapse and age. To identify the cause of baggy eyelids by diagnostic imaging, we studied the relationship between orbicularis oculi muscle thickness, orbital fat prolapse length, and age.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Multidetector Row Computed Tomography to Evaluate Baggy Eyelid

Okuda

Iseki²,

Nakajima

et al. 2011

Aesth Plast Surg

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BackgroundBaggy eyelids, formed by intraorbital fat herniation in the lower eyelids, are a sign of aging observed in the midface. This study aimed to identify the cause of baggy eyelids by evaluating the relationship between orbicularis oculi muscle thickness, orbital fat prolapse length, and age using multidetector row computed tomography (MDCT).MethodsThe 34 patients in the study ranged in age from 20 to 79 years. The patients were divided into three age groups: 20–29 years, 30–54 years, and 55–79 years. Orbicularis oculi muscle thickness and orbital fat prolapse length were measured using reconstructed computed tomography (CT) images.ResultsThe orbicularis oculi muscle was found to be significantly thinner in the oldest group. Likewise, orbital fat prolapse was found to be significantly more prominent in the oldest group. A strong and significant negative correlation was found between orbicularis oculi muscle thickness and orbital fat prolapse length (r = −0.78; P < 0.001) and between orbicularis oculi muscle thickness and age (r = −0.77; P < 0.001). A strong and significant positive correlation was found between orbital fat prolapse length and age (r = 0.78; P < 0.001).ConclusionsThe use of MDCT provides insight into the detailed changes associated with aging that take place within the lower eyelids. This study objectively demonstrated that the major factors associated with baggy eyelids include orbicularis oculi muscle thickness, orbital fat prolapse length, and age. Decreased orbicularis oculi muscle thickness leads to the orbital fat prolapse.

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Evaluation of Age-Related Intraorbital Fat Herniation through Computed Tomography

Cited by 21 publications

References 16 publications

MR relaxometry for the facial ageing assessment: the preliminary study of the age dependency in the MR relaxometry parameters within the facial soft tissue

MR relaxometry for the facial ageing assessment: the preliminary study of the age dependency in the MR relaxometry parameters within the facial soft tissue

Orbital change following Le Fort III advancement in syndromic craniosynostosis: Quantitative evaluation of orbital volume, infra-orbital rim and globe position

Using Multidetector Row Computed Tomography to Evaluate Baggy Eyelid

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