Evaluation of Acute Toxicity of Essential Oil Of Garlic (&lt;I&gt;Allium sativum&lt;/I&gt;) and Its Selected Major Constituent Compounds Against Overwintering &lt;I&gt;Cacopsylla chinensis&lt;/I&gt; (Hemiptera: Psyllidae)

Zhao, Na; Zhang, Hang; Zhang, Xue Chang; Luan, Xiao Bing; Zhou, Cheng; Liu, Qi Zhi; Shi, Wang; Liu, Zhi Long

doi:10.1603/ec12191

Cited by 68 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Ibrahim and Garba (2011) found garlic powder to be effective in the control of maize weevil. Zhao et al (2013) observed that the essential oil of A. sativum possessed contact toxicity against overwintering Cacopsylla chinensis (Hemiptera:Psyllidae) with an LC 50 value of 1.42 µg per adult. The two main constituent compounds diallyl trisulfide and diallyl disulfide, exhibited strong acute toxicity against the overwintering C. Chinensis with LC 50 values of 0.64 and 11.04 µg per adult respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory evaluation of freshly prepared juice from garlic (Allium sativum L.) Liliaceae as protectants against the maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais (Motsch.) [Coleoptera: Curculionidae]

Nwachukwu¹,

Asawalam²

2014

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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Fresh prepared garlic (Allium sativum L.) juice, containing the antimicrobial allicin, was evaluated as a possible grain protectant against the maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais (Motsch.). Each experiment was set out in completely randomized design (CRD) with four replications and a control treatment. Adult mortality and percentage weight loss were investigated. There was an observed increase in adult mortality following days of exposure in all treatments. Statistically significant (P<0.05) reduced grain loss was also observed in all the treatments when compared with the control. The juice prepared from an indigenous Nigerian garlic cultivar (GUN) was more lethal (causing 93% adult mortality), when applied topically on the freshly emerged S. zeamais adults, compared to the juice prepared from a clove of garlic purchased at a supermarket in Germany (GAG). High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis indicated that the amount of allicin in GUN was 1883.2 µg/ml while that in GAG was 3500.93 µg/ml. This study highlights the potential of A. sativum containing allicin for biorational control of maize grains against S. zeamais infestation and damage.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory evaluation of freshly prepared juice from garlic (Allium sativum L.) Liliaceae as protectants against the maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais (Motsch.) [Coleoptera: Curculionidae]

Nwachukwu¹,

Asawalam²

2014

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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“…To date, only a few studies focused on the analysis of these two compounds have been reported in the scientific literature: for CAD (Blakemore and Thompson 1983; Tsai and Chen 1984;Gursale et al 2010;Ma et al 2011;Zhao et al 2014) and for DAD (Germain et al 2002;Hsieh et al 2012;Casella et al 2013;Zhao et al 2013). Due to their volatility, GC was the preferred instrumental separation technique.…”

Section: Analytical Methods Development and Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Amonkar and Banerji (1971) identified DAD as one of the major components in garlic oil having antagonistic properties against pests of economic importance such as potato tuber moth, red cotton bug, red palm weevil, houseflies, and mosquitoes (Kimbaris et al 2009;Mostafa et al 2013;Zhao et al 2013;Wang et al 2014a). Its SDS states that when pure, it is a combustible liquid, toxic if swallowed, and a skin, eye, and respiratory irritant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of cinnamaldehyde and diallyl disulfide as eco-pesticides in soils of different textures—a laboratory-scale mobility study

López-Serna

Ernst

2015

J Soils Sediments

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Purpose This work presents for the first time the development of a method for the analysis of cinnamaldehyde and diallyl disulfide in soil by ultrasound assisted extraction followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The optimized method was applied in a laboratory-scale study of mobility of these substances applied within a bio-pesticide embodiment on three different soil textures, fine sand, sandy loam, and silty clay loam. Materials and methods Two initial soil moistures were approached, 20 and 90 % field capacity, in order to cover different climatic site scenarios (dry-wet locations). After the application, which was carried out as a pulse on the top soil surface, three different sprinkler irrigation regimes (1×, 2×, and 3× field capacity water volume) were simulated. Each experiment was carried out in duplicate. Results and discussionThe results have shown that irrigation pushes the compounds down, and their mobility is soil texture dependent, with the sandy loam having the least resistance to leachability. In any case, cinnamaldehyde is shown to be more prone to leach down than diallyl disulfide. Mass balances in each scenario were also discussed. Conclusions When these bio-pesticides are used for agricultural purposes, the irrigation regime should be adjusted so that the pesticides reach the target location without causing unnecessary environmental contamination.

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“…Mukerji (1953) has reported that oral administration of garlic to children is dangerous and could even be fatal though it has antibacterial effect due to the active principle allicin (Cavallito and Bailey, 1944). According to Zhao et al (2013), the two main constituent compounds, diallyl trisulfide and diallyl disulfide, exhibited strong acute toxicity against the overwintering C. chinensis, with LC 50 values of 0.64 and 11.04 µ g per adult, respectively. The larvicidal effect and principle of Allium sativa has also been extensively conducted and isolated (Amonkar and Banerji, 1971).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ABSENCE OF VISIBLE TOXIC EFFECTS ACCOMPANYING THE SHORT-TERM ADMINISTRATION OF AN AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF <i>ALLIUM SATIVA</i> LINN. IN MALE SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS

Isaac¹

2014

American Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology

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Allium sativum is cultivated in the northern part of Ghana and has gained widespread use as chemoprotective, in curing hypertension, impotence and erectile dysfunction. The multipurpose use together with its aphrodisiac activity has resulted in the widespread use of this plant medicine both in meals and as herbal medications. Safety assessment of this plant however is rare. The present study is designed to evaluate the toxic effect of the aqueous extract of Allium sativa on the prostate, heart, liver kidney and haematological parameters after a shorterm administration in male-sprague-dawley rats. The following doses were used in different groups of male Sprague-Dawley Rats: 5000, 3000 and 1000 mg kg −1 . The following parameters were monitored: Clinical Chemistry, Gross and Histopathology (Heart, kidney, liver and prostate). No death was recorded at the highest dose of 5000 mg kg −1 . ASE reduced levels of urea and creatinine but increased levels of liver enzymes ALT, AST, ALP and bilirubin levels as compared to the controls. There was a statistically significant increase in WBC count (p<0.005) in all the doses except the median dose. There were no significant change in Red Blood Cell count (RBC) (p<0.003), Haemoglobin (HGB) (p<0.03), Haematocrit (HCT) p<0.0001), Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) Other parameters remained relatively unchanged. Gross pathology did not reveal any abnormality. Histopathological analysis showed that the extract did not have any adverse effect on the integrity of these organs. The results were within histopathological limits and did not reveal any abnormality in the examined organs namely: The prostate, kidney, liver and heart which maintained their integrity after the dose administration. Observations were within histopathological limits. ASE is reasonably safe when administered by the oral route within dosages of 1000-5000 mg kg −1 in Sprague dawley rats. This research has provided the safety implications as to the use of this plant.

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Evaluation of Acute Toxicity of Essential Oil Of Garlic (<I>Allium sativum</I>) and Its Selected Major Constituent Compounds Against Overwintering <I>Cacopsylla chinensis</I> (Hemiptera: Psyllidae)

Cited by 68 publications

References 43 publications

Laboratory evaluation of freshly prepared juice from garlic (Allium sativum L.) Liliaceae as protectants against the maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais (Motsch.) [Coleoptera: Curculionidae]

Laboratory evaluation of freshly prepared juice from garlic (Allium sativum L.) Liliaceae as protectants against the maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais (Motsch.) [Coleoptera: Curculionidae]

Analysis of cinnamaldehyde and diallyl disulfide as eco-pesticides in soils of different textures—a laboratory-scale mobility study

ABSENCE OF VISIBLE TOXIC EFFECTS ACCOMPANYING THE SHORT-TERM ADMINISTRATION OF AN AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF <i>ALLIUM SATIVA</i> LINN. IN MALE SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS

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