Evaluation of a technological standard for electronic chart systems

Investigating the introduction of e-navigation and S-100 into bridge related operations: the impact over seafarers

“…The attitude on the transition towards electronic charts varies depending on the age of the workers and their rank (Maro et al 2020). Apart ECDIS and ENCs, for the scope of the present document, it is worth mentioning that other studies have tried to investigate the relationship between seafarers and new technologies (Allen 2009), bridge-related automation problems (Lützhöft and Dekker 2002) and the usage within seafarers of new technologies such as the Automatic Identification System (AIS) (Bailey et al 2008) or the Vassel Traffic System (VTS) (De Osés et al 2021). Considering that most of the literature focused on the transition into digital has been published only after the implementation period of ECDIS and other devices, it is reasonable to assume that the S-100 topic will be further investigated in the future after e-navigation operational implementation.…”

“…Considering e-navigation as an exogenous environmental factor, knowing in advance how it can influence the work on board can help both producers to be more customer oriented, final users to get ready in time and education institutes to update their training programs. In order to avoid that new technologies create new human weaknesses and change the nature of the current bridge-related errors from human to not human, designers need guidance on how the coordination between the two actors need to be implemented (Lützhöft and Dekker 2002).…”