Evaluation of a sprinkler cooling system on inhalable dust and ammonia concentrations in broiler chicken production

Ischer, S. Williams; Farnell, Morgan B.; Tabler, G. T.; Moreira, Moryenne; O’Shaughnessy, Patrick T.; Nonnenmann, Matthew W.

doi:10.1080/15459624.2016.1211285

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(70 reference statements)

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“…Directly applying water onto poultry using sprinkler systems, which partially wet the birds with intermittent applications using low pressure and coarse droplets, have previously been tried in tunnel-ventilated poultry houses and been shown to provide effective cooling and relief of heat stress ( Chepete and Xin, 2000 ; Ikeguchi and Xin, 2001 ; Tao and Xin, 2003b ; Tabler et al., 2008 ; Liang et al., 2014 ; Liang et al., 2020 ), while reducing (although not significantly) airborne respirable and inhalable dust fractions ( Williams Ischer et al., 2017 ). These sprinkler systems use less water and are less likely to cause high relative humidity that is normally associated with use of evaporative cooling pads ( Tabler et al., 2008 ; Liang et al., 2014 ; Liang et al., 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct surface wetting sprinkler system to reduce the use of evaporative cooling pads in meat chicken production: indoor thermal environment, water usage, litter moisture content, live market weights, and mortalities

Dunlop

McAuley

2021

Poultry Science

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An overhead sprinkler system that directly applies water onto meat chickens in tunnel ventilated houses was evaluated and compared with a conventional evaporative cooling pad system at 2 commercial farms in south-eastern Queensland, Australia. The sprinkler system was used to reduce the use of evaporative cooling pads as the primary cooling system but not replace evaporative cooling pads altogether. The sprinkler system used low water pressure and comprised evenly spaced sprinklers and a programmable controller. Water was applied intermittently based on house temperature and a temperature program that was related to bird age. The study was conducted over 6 sequential grow-outs during a 1-year period. Air temperature, relative humidity, litter moisture content, cooling water usage, live market weight, and mortality were assessed during the study. The effect of sprinklers on these measured parameters was complicated by interactions with farm, batch, bird age, and time of day. We found that, in general, houses with combined sprinkler and evaporative cooling pad systems used less water, while having similar litter moisture content, live market weight, and mortality compared with control houses that were fitted with conventional evaporative cooling pads. When evaporative cooling was required, sprinkler houses had warmer air temperature but lower relative humidity than the control houses. Bird comfort due to the direct cooling effect of water evaporating off the birds was not directly assessed during this study but was inferred from thermal camera images and from live weight and mortality data. This was the first study in Australia involving this sprinkler system, and we suggest that the sprinkler system design and operation may require some adaptation to better suit Australian poultry house design and climatic conditions, including the need for additional sprinklers to improve coverage, lower set-point temperatures, and altering sprinkler spacing to suit ceiling baffle curtains (if fitted).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct surface wetting sprinkler system to reduce the use of evaporative cooling pads in meat chicken production: indoor thermal environment, water usage, litter moisture content, live market weights, and mortalities

Dunlop

McAuley

2021

Poultry Science

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“…These emissions lead to environmental pollution around farms, with negative impacts on animal and human health [24]. These emitted bacteria can cause airway inflammation, allergic reactions, disease development, and infection [25,26]. The accumulation of bacterial aerosols, which poses a threat to the health of poultry and producers, is exacerbated by intensive broiler farming methods [18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Community Characteristics Shaped by Artificial Environmental PM2.5 Control in Intensive Broiler Houses

Wang

Dang

Khan

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Multilayer cage-houses for broiler rearing have been widely used in intensive Chinese farming in the last decade. This study investigated the characteristics and influencing factors of bacterial communities in the PM2.5 of broiler cage-houses. The PM2.5 samples and environmental variables were collected inside and outside of three parallel broiler houses at the early, middle, and late rearing stages; broiler manure was also gathered simultaneously. The bacterial 16S rRNA sequencing results indicated that indoor bacterial communities were different from the outdoor atmosphere and manure. Furthermore, the variations in airborne bacterial composition and structure were highly influenced by the environmental control variables at different growth stages. The db-RDA results showed that temperature and wind speed, which were artificially modified according to managing the needs for broiler growth, were the main factors affecting the diversity of dominant taxa. Indoor airborne and manurial samples shared numerous common genera, which contained high abundances of manure-origin bacteria. Additionally, the airborne bacterial community tended to stabilize in the middle and late stages, but the population of potentially pathogenic bacteria grew gradually. Overall, this study enhances the understanding of airborne bacteria variations and highlighted the potential role of environmental control measures in intensive farming.

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“…However, it was observed that these sensors were sensitive to the effects of the EPI system, which could impact the readings and the device itself. Consequently, the DOL sensors were replaced with 4 compact ToxiRae Pro NH 3 sensors (RAE Systems by Honeywell, San Jose, CA) used in previous studies ( Gassman, 2015 ; Williams Ischer et al, 2017 ). These sensors were placed at the center of each room for 15 min twice a week.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrostatic particle ionization for suppressing air pollutants in cage-free layer facilities

Bist,

Yang,

Subedi

et al. 2024

Poultry Science

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Evaluation of a sprinkler cooling system on inhalable dust and ammonia concentrations in broiler chicken production

Cited by 8 publications

References 34 publications

Direct surface wetting sprinkler system to reduce the use of evaporative cooling pads in meat chicken production: indoor thermal environment, water usage, litter moisture content, live market weights, and mortalities

Direct surface wetting sprinkler system to reduce the use of evaporative cooling pads in meat chicken production: indoor thermal environment, water usage, litter moisture content, live market weights, and mortalities

Bacterial Community Characteristics Shaped by Artificial Environmental PM2.5 Control in Intensive Broiler Houses

Electrostatic particle ionization for suppressing air pollutants in cage-free layer facilities

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