Evaluation of a sequential anaerobic-aerobic membrane bioreactor system for treatment of traditional and insensitive munitions constituents

Fuller, Mark E.; Hedman, Paul C.; Chu, Kung-Hui; Webster, Todd S.; Hatzinger, Paul B.

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139887

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Biotransformation experiments involved three aerobic pure cultures, Pseudomonas fluorescens I–C, , Rhodococcus ruber ENV425, − and Rhodococcus aetherivorans ENV493 that was isolated from groundwater at a naval air station as part of ESTCP Project 201733; an anaerobic enrichment culture isolated from a membrane bioreactor (MBR) system treating a mixture of explosives including DNAN; Dahlgren Runoff, a consortium capable of degrading explosives derived from surface runoff at an east coast U.S. Navy site; and one aerobic methanotrophic consortium capable of transforming DNAN (Dahlgren Methanotrophs from groundwater at an east coast U.S. Navy site, consisting of ∼81% of the strictly aerobic genusMethylosinus).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon and Nitrogen Isotope Fractionations During Biotic and Abiotic Transformations of 2,4-Dinitroanisole (DNAN)

Wang,

Fuller,

Murillo-Gelvez

et al. 2024

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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2,4-Dinitroanisole (DNAN) is a main constituent in various new insensitive munition formulations. Although DNAN is susceptible to biotic and abiotic transformations, in many environmental instances, transformation mechanisms are difficult to resolve, distinguish, or apportion on the basis solely of analysis of concentrations. We used compound-specific isotope analysis (CSIA) to investigate the characteristic isotope fractionations of the biotic (by three microbial consortia and three pure cultures) and abiotic (by 9,10-anthrahydroquinone-2-sulfonic acid [AHQS]) transformations of DNAN. The correlations of isotope enrichment factors (Λ N/C ) for biotic transformations had a range of values from 4.93 ± 0.53 to 12.19 ± 1.23, which is entirely distinct from Λ N/C values reported previously for alkaline hydrolysis, enzymatic hydrolysis, reduction by Fe 2+ -bearing minerals and iron-oxide-bound Fe 2+ , and UV-driven phototransformations. The Λ N/C value associated with the abiotic reduction by AHQS was 38.76 ± 2.23, within the range of previously reported values for DNAN reduction by Fe 2+ -bearing minerals and iron-oxide-bound Fe 2+ , albeit the mean Λ N/C was lower. These results enhance the database of isotope effects accompanying DNAN transformations under environmentally relevant conditions, allowing better evaluation of the extents of biotic and abiotic transformations of DNAN that occur in soils, groundwaters, surface waters, and the marine environment.

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