Evaluation of a Rising Plate Meter for Use in Multispecies Swards

Dillard, Leanne L; Hafla, A. N.; Rubano, M.D.; Stout, Robert; Brito, A.F.; Soder, K.J.

doi:10.2134/ael2016.08.0032

Cited by 12 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Brito et al (2017) observed a similar botanical composition pattern in herbage samples collected throughout the grazing season. In these 2 studies, the mean proportion of grasses (51%) was 2.8-fold greater than the mean proportion of legumes (18%), which agrees with our previous work conducted in commercial dairies under organic certification (Dillard et al, 2016;Hafla et al, 2016). Herbage CP concentration followed the proportion of legumes and fluctuated across the grazing season, with numerically lowest values in wk 4 and 12 and greatest in wk 8 and 16 (Table 1).…”

Section: Herbage Mass and Feed Nutritional Compositionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Production, milk fatty acid profile, and nutrient utilization in grazing dairy cows supplemented with ground flaxseed

Isenberg

Soder

Pereira

et al. 2019

Journal of Dairy Science

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Flaxseed has been extensively used as a supplement for dairy cows because of its high concentrations of energy and the n-3 fatty acid (FA) cis-9,cis-12,cis-15 18:3. However, limited information is available regarding the effect of ground flaxseed on dry matter intake (DMI), ruminal fermentation, and nutrient utilization in grazing dairy cows. Twenty multiparous Jersey cows averaging (mean ± standard deviation) 111 ± 49 d in milk in the beginning of the study were used in a randomized complete block design to investigate the effects of supplementing herbage (i.e., grazed forage) with ground corn-soybean meal mix (control diet = CTRL) or ground flaxseed (flaxseed diet = FLX) on animal production, milk FA, ruminal metabolism, and nutrient digestibility. The study was conducted from June to September 2013, with data and sample collection taking place on wk 4, 8, 12, and 16. Cows were fed a diet formulated to yield a 60:40 forage-to-concentrate ratio consisting of (dry matter basis): 40% cool-season perennial herbage, 50% partial total mixed ration, and 10% of ground corn-soybean meal mix or 10% ground flaxseed. However, estimated herbage DMI averaged 5.59 kg/d or 34% of the total DMI. Significant treatment by week interactions were observed for milk and blood urea N, and several milk FA (e.g., trans-10 18:1). No significant differences between treatments were observed for herbage and total DMI, milk yield, feed efficiency, concentrations and yields of milk components, and urinary excretion of purine derivatives. Total-tract digestibility of organic matter decreased, whereas that of neutral detergent fiber increased with feeding FLX versus CTRL. No treatment effects were observed for ruminal concentrations of total volatile FA and NH 3 -N, and ruminal proportions of acetate and propionate.Ruminal butyrate tended to decrease, and the acetateto-propionate ratio decreased in the FLX diet. Most saturated and unsaturated FA in milk fat were changed. Specifically, milk proportion of cis-9,cis-12,cis-15 18:3, Σn-3 FA, and Σ18C FA increased, whereas that of cis-9,cis-12 18:2, Σn-6 FA, Σ odd-chain FA, Σ<16C FA, and Σ16C FA decreased with feeding FLX versus the CTRL diet. In conclusion, feeding FLX did not change yields of milk and milk components, but increased milk n-3 FA. Therefore, costs and industry adoption of premiums for n-3-enriched milk will determine the adoption of ground flaxseed in pasture-based dairy farms.

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Section: Herbage Mass and Feed Nutritional Compositionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Production, milk fatty acid profile, and nutrient utilization in grazing dairy cows supplemented with ground flaxseed

Isenberg

Soder

Pereira

et al. 2019

Journal of Dairy Science

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“…The botanical and nutritional composition of the mixed grass-legume herbage is presented in Table 1. Herbage mass production averaged 2,425 kg of DM/ha and was within the range observed in the northeastern United States for similar perennial cool-season pastures under organic certification (Dillard et al, 2016). The proportion of grasses was numerically greatest in wk 3 and relatively similar in wk 7, 12, and 15, whereas that of legumes and weeds was numerically lowest in wk 3 and increased substantially thereafter.…”

Section: Nutritional Composition Of Herbage and Feedssupporting

confidence: 67%

Production performance and milk fatty acid profile in grazing dairy cows offered ground corn or liquid molasses as the sole supplemental nonstructural carbohydrate source

Brito

Soder

Chouinard

et al. 2017

Journal of Dairy Science

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The objective of this study was to compare the effects of ground corn or liquid molasses fed as the sole supplemental nonstructural carbohydrate (NSC) source on production performance, milk fatty acid (FA) profile, grazing behavior, and N metabolism in grazing dairy cows. A strip-grazing management system was used, with cows offered a new strip of fresh herbage after each milking, resulting in approximately 16 h of access to pasture daily. Animals were fed a diet formulated to yield an 86:14 forage-to-concentrate ratio consisting [dry matter (DM) basis] of 74% mixed grass-legume herbage, 12% mixed-mostly legume baleage, 12% NSC source, and 2% mineral-vitamin premix. Twenty Jersey cows averaging (mean ± standard deviation) 121 ± 73 d in milk in the beginning of the study were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 herbage supplementation treatments: (1) baleage plus ground corn (B+GC) or (2) baleage + liquid molasses (B+LM). Both NSC sources were fed at a flat rate of 1.6 kg of DM/cow daily. The study lasted from June to September for a total of 15 wk with data and sample collection conducted in wk 3, 7, 12, and 15. Milk samples for FA analysis were collected in wk 2, 4, 6, 8, 9, 11, and 13. Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC) for a randomized complete block design with repeated measures over time. Treatment × week interactions were observed for supplement DM intake, milk urea N, bite rate, urinary excretion of uric acid, and milk FA (e.g., 17:0, 18:0, cis-9,trans-11 18:2). Supplement DM intake was greatest in cows fed B+LM in wk 7, 12, and 15. Compared with cows fed B+GC, those fed B+LM had lower concentrations of milk urea N in wk 7 and 15. Milk yield, concentrations and yields of milk components, and plasma concentrations of essential AA, except Met, which was lowest with feeding B+LM, were not affected by supplementation. The plasma concentration of urea N was lowest with feeding B+LM. Cows fed B+GC spent more time grazing than those fed B+LM. Feeding B+GC increased cis-9 18:1 FA and most trans-18:1 FA in milk, whereas B+LM increased Σ odd-chain FA, Σ n-3 FA, and the trans-11 18:1 to trans-10 18:1 ratio, and decreased the n-6 to n-3 ratio. Based on current results, B+LM can entirely replace B+GC without negatively affecting milk yield or yields and concentrations of milk fat and true protein, while decreasing milk urea N, plasma urea N, and the milk trans-11 18:1 to trans-10 18:1 ratio, and increasing Σ n-3 FA.

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“…Past literature usually used a linear functional form, while Rayburn et al (2017) suggested a quadratic model with no intercept. Dillard et al (2016) found support for the no‐intercept restriction. The two models are non‐nested since neither one can be estimated as a special case of the other one.…”

Section: Data Collection and Statistical Analysismentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Studies have dealt mostly with ryegrass ( Lolium perenne L.) and clovers ( Trifolium repens L.) and have been most interested in grazing for sheep (Bryant et al, 2017; Scrivner et al, 1986). Research has considered ryegrass (Nakagami and Itano, 2014), chicory ( Cichorium intybus L.) and plantain ( Plantago L.) (Haultain et al, 2014), and a mix of grasses (Dillard et al, 2016). Calibration equations are often estimated separately for month or season (Scrivner et al, 1986; L'Huillier and Thomson, 1988; Nobilly et al, 2013).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rising Plate Meter Calibrations for Forage Mass of Wheat and Rye

Cho¹,

Brorsen²,

Biermacher

et al. 2019

Agricultural & Env Letters

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Estimating forage availability is important in optimizing livestock stocking rates. The rising plate meter was developed to estimate forage availability. It needs a calibration equation to convert its measurement to a prediction of forage mass, and predictions can vary across crops, seasons, and locations. Our research objective was to derive new calibration equations for wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and rye (Secale cereale L.). Most past literature used a linear model, but recent literature has suggested that using a quadratic model without an intercept could improve predictions. A non-nested test was used to test among these two non-nested models for wheat and rye calibration equations. The results favored the more encompassing model of a quadratic with an intercept; however, with wheat the quadratic with no intercept was not rejected. A pooling test indicated different equations were needed for species, seasonality (winter and non-winter), and tillage type (tilled or no-till).

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Evaluation of a Rising Plate Meter for Use in Multispecies Swards

Cited by 12 publications

References 6 publications

Production, milk fatty acid profile, and nutrient utilization in grazing dairy cows supplemented with ground flaxseed

Production, milk fatty acid profile, and nutrient utilization in grazing dairy cows supplemented with ground flaxseed

Production performance and milk fatty acid profile in grazing dairy cows offered ground corn or liquid molasses as the sole supplemental nonstructural carbohydrate source

Rising Plate Meter Calibrations for Forage Mass of Wheat and Rye

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