“…Thermoelectric cooler systems have no mechanical moving parts and do not employ working fluids, which can transfer heat from the cold side of the modules to the hotter side with consumption of electricity [10,11]. Due to the advantages such as high reliability, low weight, and flexibility in packaging and integration, the TEC systems are regarded as clean and active cooling methods, which have been widely used in military, aerospace, instrument, and industrial products [12][13][14][15]. In addition, due to their bright prospect, some thermoelectric applications are likely to be http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2014.…”