Evaluation of a nurse-delivered smoking cessation intervention for hospitalized patients with cardiac disease

Nurse-Led Telephone Interventions for People with Cardiac Disease: A Review of the Research Literature

“…There were 63 studies excluded on the basis of the inclusion and exclusion criteria and 41 articles were repeat articles. Twenty-four met the inclusion criteria which focused on nurse led or delivered telephone interventions for people with cardiac disease and were included in this review (see Table 1) [6,16,18,23,26,28,[40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57].…”

“…Nine studies were conducted in the United States of America [6,18,41,42,47,51,[55][56][57], six were conducted in Canada [16,40,46,48,50,52] and three studies in Australia [26,43,54]. Two studies were conducted in the United Kingdom (UK) [18,28] and Norway [45,53] and one sample in each of Germany [23], Sweden [49] and Argentina [44].…”

“…Four studies conducted power analysis however did not attain the required sample size [16,42,48,54]. Twelve studies did not report conducting a power analysis or provide sufficient justification for the size of their samples [6,23,28,41,43,47,[49][50][51][52][53]57]. Even though only six studies had significant power, all papers will continue to be reviewed.…”

The efficacy of smoking cessation therapies in cardiac patients: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

“…Receiving a cardiac diagnosis is thought to be a 'teachable moment', a naturally occurring health event thought to motivate individuals to spontaneously adopt riskreducing health behaviours (37). Evidence of this phenomenon has (10,14,19,23,38). For example, in the Framingham Heart Study (38), men were 1.9 times more likely to quit smoking than the general smoking population following the development of CAD.…”

“…These RCTs enrolled a total of 2105 patients. Six additional behavioural studies were identified, but were excluded because patients were not randomly assigned or follow-up was insufficient (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17). The 11 behavioural RCTs retained involved a broad range of cardiac patients (Table 1).…”