Evaluation of a new fluorescent reagent, fluorescent brightener 85, for the diagnosis of suspected onychomycosis compared with potassium hydroxide

Yue, Xiumei; Wang, Aiping; Wang, Hongwei; Li, Qing; Yue, Xiuling

doi:10.1111/myc.12733

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…Although routinely performed, 10% KOH smear has rather low sensitivity and specificity. The sensitivity and specificity of 10% KOH smear in the diagnosis of OC have been reported to be 9.67% ~ 73.3% and 36.6% ~ 48.6%, respectively (Levitt, Levitt, Akhavan, & Yanofsky, 2010;Lyu, Zhao, Yan, & Hua, 2016;Marty, Bourrat, Vaysse, Bonner, & Bailleul-Forestier, 2015;Yue, Wang, Wang, Li, & Yue, 2018). Furthermore, other smear methods, such as Gram staining and periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining, are not suitable for clinical rapid diagnosis due to complicated and long time-consuming operation (Lyu et al, 2016;Yao, Shi, Zhang, Sun, & Wu, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorescence staining vs. routine KOH smear for rapid diagnosis of oral candidiasis—A diagnostic test

Zhou

Zhao

et al. 2020

Oral Diseases

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Objective A diagnostic test was designed to evaluate the accuracy and applicability of fluorescence staining with fluorescein‐labelled chitinase versus routine 10% potassium hydroxide (KOH) smear for rapid diagnosis of oral candidiasis. Methods In total, 124 subjects with suspected oral candidiasis symptoms/signs were sequentially enrolled in this study. The diagnostic efficacy indexes (sensitivity, specificity, Youden index, predictive value, likelihood ratio, diagnostic odds ratio, diagnostic accuracy and area under the curve [AUC]) were compared between 10% KOH smear and fluorescence staining. Results The sensitivity (85.48% vs. 64.52%) and specificity (91.94% vs. 72.58%) of fluorescence staining were higher than those of KOH smear. The AUC of fluorescence staining (0.887) was remarkably higher than that of 10% KOH smear (0.685), demonstrating that the diagnostic efficacy of fluorescence staining is significantly higher than that of KOH smear (p = .0005). Furthermore, fluorescence staining showed higher sensitivity than that of KOH smear (84.75% vs. 62.71%) in diagnosis of erythematous type oral candidiasis, which is the most common type and the type most challenging to differentially diagnose. Conclusion The advantages of fluorescence staining with fluorescein‐labelled chitinase in rapid diagnosis of oral candidiasis and its ease of operation suggest its potential use in clinical practice.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorescence staining vs. routine KOH smear for rapid diagnosis of oral candidiasis—A diagnostic test

Zhou

Zhao

et al. 2020

Oral Diseases

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“…In the author Yue's 23 another study, she was the first to use FB 85 to evaluate the accuracy and efficiency for the diagnosis of onychomycosis in clinic and found that FB 85 had a higher positive rate than the KOH method, which had a statistically significant difference. However, in our study, both the FB 85 and KOH methods had similar positive rates and had no statistical significance difference.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 However, no study has used CFW for the diagnosis of VVC. Moreover, fluorescent brightener 85, a new fluorescent reagent, was first found and used for the diagnosis of onychomycosis by the author, 23 but there is no research about using FB 85 to detect fungi in VVC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the accuracy and diagnostic value of CFW and a new fluorescent reagents, fluorescent brightener 85, for the diagnosis of vulvovaginal candidiasis

Zhao

Yue

2021

Clinical Laboratory Analysis

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Background Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a common vaginitis in females. The commonly used diagnostic method, 10% potassium hydroxide (KOH) smear microscopy, makes it not very easy to recognize fungi. Methods Vaginal secretions were collected from clinically suspected VVC patients and divided into four groups and examined using KOH, CFW (Calcofluor White), FB 85(fluorescent brightener 85), and culture. The data were statistically analyzed. Results In total, 110 patients with suspected VVC were recruited. The positive rates of KOH, CFW, FB 85, and the culture method were 68.2%, 64.5%, 61.8%, and 77%, respectively. According to the McNemar test, there was no statistically significant difference between the KOH, CFW, and the FB 85 methods (p > 0.05). However, CFW had a shorter diagnosis time than the KOH method and had a statistically significant difference (p < 0.001). Moreover, CFW has the highest sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy. In morphological recognition, it was easier to recognize fungal structures with CFW and FB 85 than with the KOH. Conclusions The fluorescent method is a good method for the diagnosis of VVC. And the fungi can be found more quickly. Similar to CFW, FB 85 is also a potential good fluorescent reagent for the diagnosis of VVC and has potential value for application in clinical fungal infection diseases.

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“…Our study introduces Fluorescent Brightener 85 (FB 85), a compound traditionally used in laundry detergents, for detecting fungal elements in clinical diagnostics by the author Yue. This repurposing, validated by Yue's recent work in onychomycosis and vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) detection [18,20], led to the patenting of FB 85 as a national invention. Given its preliminary success, this study aims to further evaluate FB 85's effectiveness across a broader spectrum of fungal infections and different cultured fungi, and in super cial fungal infection samples in a clinical setting, demonstrating its potential as a novel clinical uorescent reagent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the application of a new patented fluorochrome, Fluorescent Brightener 85, for detecting cultured fungi and superficial clinical specimens of fungal infectious disease.

Han,

Wan,

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background: The fluorescent staining method with Calcofluor White (CFW) has been popularly used for the detection of fungi in clinical settings in recent years. However, seldom have new fluorochromes been invented to detect fungi. Purpose: To evaluate a new patented fluorochrome, Fluorescent Brightener 85 (FB 85), for detecting fungi in cultured fungi and superficial clinical specimens of fungal infectious disease. Methods: Initially, several pure fungi from different genera were cultured, stained with 0.1% FB 85, and observed with fluorescent microscopy. Subsequently, different superficial and invasive clinical specimens, including those from skin, nail debris, vaginal secretions, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and sputum, were stained with 0.1% FB 85 combined with 10% potassium hydroxide (KOH) and similarly observed with fluorescent microscopy. Last, Outpatients suspected of having superficial fungal infections were recruited. Samples were examined using both FB 85 fluorescent staining direct microscopy and 10% KOH direct microscopy to confirm diagnosis. Positive rates were compared, and statistical differences were analyzed. Results: Under fluorescent microscopy, for the cultured fungi, all the hyphae, conidia, conidiophores, septa, or bud scars were stained clearly, exhibiting strong blue fluorescence with high intensity that diminished slowly. Similarly, for both superficial and invasive clinical specimens, the strong, intense blue or blue-green fluorescence of the hyphae, pseudohyphae, budding, and septa was clearly stained, offering high contrast against the light blueish keratinocytes or epithelial cells in the background, and also diminished slowly. Finally, among 100 patients recruited, the positive rate of the FB 85 was 84%, while the KOH was 52%. Moreover, FB 85 method had a higher percentage of positive rate than KOH method, it had statistically significant difference ( χ2=23.53, P < 0.01). Conclusion: FB 85, the national invention patent by the author Yue, is a new and potentially perfect fluorescent reagent with excellent promise. It could be used for the diagnosis of fungal infections in clinical settings, as well as for observing the growth characteristics of fungi or the changes following antifungal drug therapy. For detecting fungi in superficial fungal infection samples in a clinical setting, the FB 85 method was more convenient, efficient, and accurate than the traditional KOH method.

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Evaluation of a new fluorescent reagent, fluorescent brightener 85, for the diagnosis of suspected onychomycosis compared with potassium hydroxide

Cited by 8 publications

References 9 publications

Fluorescence staining vs. routine KOH smear for rapid diagnosis of oral candidiasis—A diagnostic test

Fluorescence staining vs. routine KOH smear for rapid diagnosis of oral candidiasis—A diagnostic test

Evaluating the accuracy and diagnostic value of CFW and a new fluorescent reagents, fluorescent brightener 85, for the diagnosis of vulvovaginal candidiasis

Evaluating the application of a new patented fluorochrome, Fluorescent Brightener 85, for detecting cultured fungi and superficial clinical specimens of fungal infectious disease.

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