Evaluation of a microbial muramidase supplementation on growth performance, apparent ileal digestibility, and intestinal histology of broiler chickens

Boroojeni, Farshad Goodarzi; Männer, K.; Rieger, Jan; Calvo, E. Pérez; Zentek, Jürgen

doi:10.3382/ps/pey556

Cited by 25 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Morphometrical measurement is an important tool for the evaluation of intestinal health since villi height is correlated with the intestinal absorption area and cryptal depths are correlated with the intestinal renewal rate (Swatson et al, 2002;Yamauchi, 2007;Qi et al, 2020), and is an essential step widely used during zootechnical performance trials (Biasato et al, 2018;Boroojeni;Manner;Rieger;Calvo, & Zentek, 2019;Suresh et al, 2020). Swiss roll method showed the best morphometrical results, mainly at the jejunum; these findings are in accordance with those of Gava et al (2015) that described the jejunum as the best region for morphometric analyses in the intestines of broilers.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 75%

Histological evaluation of the intestine of broiler chickens: comparison of three sampling methods

Souza

Cicero

Menck-Costa

et al. 2021

Semina: Ciênc. Agrár.

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After the growth-promoting antibiotics prohibition, intestinal health became an increasing concern worldwide in poultry farming. The intestinal histological evaluation is an inexpensive technique that brings relevant information, but in poultry, the immediate process of intestinal post-mortem autolysis interferes directly on the samples quality for histological analysis hindering a precise diagnosis. This study aimed to standardize a technique for broilers’ intestines sample collection and fixation for histological analysis. Seven broiler chickens received a standard diet until 23 days of age when they were euthanized. Fragments of duodenum, jejunum, and ileum were collected using three methods: intestine strips, transverse section, and Swiss roll and posteriorly fixed in 10% buffered formalin and bouin solution. Tissue samples were submitted for histological (number of villi and viable villi per field) and morphometrical (villi height, crypt depth and villi:crypt ratio) evaluations and the results analyzed statistically. A significant high number of villi and viable villi per field in all regions was observed in the Swiss roll method. In the duodenum (p= 0.0066) and jejunum (p= 0.0058) an interaction between the Swiss roll method and the fixative buffered formalin was observed in the viable and number of villi per field, respectively. Regarding the morphometrical analysis significant differences were observed, in the jejunum villi height sampling by the methods Swiss roll (1,157.66 ± 148.25 μm, p= 0.0015) that showed the highest mean. Deeper crypt depths were observed in the jejunum (156.59 ± 15.68 μm, p= 0.0002) and ileum (131.13 ± 15.01 μm, p= 0.0006) collect by the Swiss roll method. An interaction between the bouin fixative was also observed in the jejunum (p= 0.0223) for this variable. Duodenum sampling by transversal section (12.68 ± 1.45 μm, p= 0.0076) was the only segment that had a significant difference for villi:crypt ratio, showing the highest mean. It can be concluded that the Swiss roll technique was the best method for morphometrical evaluation of the chickens’ intestines, since the highest counts of villi per field and viable villi per field were obtained, while buffered formalin was considered as the best fixative.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 75%

Histological evaluation of the intestine of broiler chickens: comparison of three sampling methods

Souza

Cicero

Menck-Costa

et al. 2021

Semina: Ciênc. Agrár.

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“…The pH optimum of wild type Oh Lys was 4.5. While the chicken feed application has been superseded by the development of a GH25 muramidase into a successful commercial product (Balancius TM from DSM nutritional products, Kaiseraugst, Switzerland) [24,25], the observations made for Oh Lys could be useful in other applications.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The C-Type Lysozyme from the upper Gastrointestinal Tract of Opisthocomus hoatzin, the Stinkbird

Taylor

Skjøt

Skov

et al. 2019

IJMS

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Muramidases/lysozymes are important bio-molecules, which cleave the glycan backbone in the peptidoglycan polymer found in bacterial cell walls. The glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 22 C-type lysozyme, from the folivorous bird Opisthocomus hoazin (stinkbird), was expressed in Aspergillus oryzae, and a set of variants was produced. All variants were enzymatically active, including those designed to probe key differences between the Hoatzin enzyme and Hen Egg White lysozyme. Four variants showed improved thermostability at pH 4.7, compared to the wild type. The X-ray structure of the enzyme was determined in the apo form and in complex with chitin oligomers. Bioinformatic analysis of avian GH22 amino acid sequences showed that they separate out into three distinct subgroups (chicken-like birds, sea birds and other birds). The Hoatzin is found in the “other birds” group and we propose that this represents a new cluster of avian upper-gut enzymes.

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“…(2017) showed an increase on the feed efficiency without main differences on microbial composition in the caeca of Muramidase 007 supplemented broiler chickens. In addition, Goodarzi Boroojeni et al. (2019), recently demonstrated that adding Muramidase 007 to broiler diets increased the feed efficiency and the apparent ileal digestibility of crude protein, fat and phosphorus, compared to unsupplemented birds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, in pig studies using HEWL did not increase the apparent digestibility of gross energy and crude protein (Ma et al., 2017). Goodarzi Boroojeni et al. (2019) suggested that the accumulation of bacterial cell wall fragments on the surface of the gut, rich in peptidoglycans, could impair nutrient digestion and absorption and the microbial muramidase might have counteracted this impact.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The addition of exogenous enzymes to animal feed is a common practice to enhance the digestibility of nutrients (Menezes-Blackburn and Greiner, 2015) and to support the digestion for the benefit of the animal and its microbiota (Bedford and Cowieson, 2012). Recently, a novel enzyme was shown to support the gastrointestinal functionality and to improve growth performance in broiler chickens (Lichtenberg et al., 2017; Goodarzi Boroojeni et al., 2019). This novel enzyme is a muramidase (EC 3.2.1.17), referred to in this paper as Muramidase 007 which belongs to the class of N-acetylmuramidases, also known as lysozymes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Safety and efficacy evaluation of a novel dietary muramidase for swine

Schliffka¹,

Zhai²,

Calvo

et al. 2019

Heliyon

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The safety of a novel microbial muramidase (Muramidase 007) as a feed additive for swine was evaluated in a target animal safety study (Experiment 1). Forty weanling pigs were allotted to 4 dietary treatments: T1 control group, and 3 groups receiving Muramidase 007 in increasing doses: T2 65,000 (1X), T3 325,000 (5X) and T4 650,000 (10X) LSU(F)/kg feed. The efficacy of Muramidase 007 on growth performance was evaluated in a feeding experiment (Experiment 2). A total of 288 piglets were allotted to two groups: T1 control group and T2 receiving Muramidase 007 at 50,000 (LSU(F)/kg feed. In Experiment 1, no growth depression of pigs was observed. No adverse effects of Muramidase 007 were observed for any of the hematology and serum chemistry parameters measured or on pig health status. Post-mortem evaluation showed no adverse effects due to Muramidase 007 supplementation in the gross pathology or in the histological examination. In Experiment 2, Muramidase 007 significantly increased overall (d 0–42) average daily gain (ADG) and tended to improve overall average daily feed intake (ADFI) and day 42 body weight of nursery pigs and had no effect on feed conversion ratio (FCR). Overall, results of these studies show that there were no adverse effects of Muramidase 007 compared to the control group.

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Evaluation of a microbial muramidase supplementation on growth performance, apparent ileal digestibility, and intestinal histology of broiler chickens

Cited by 25 publications

References 16 publications

Histological evaluation of the intestine of broiler chickens: comparison of three sampling methods

Histological evaluation of the intestine of broiler chickens: comparison of three sampling methods

The C-Type Lysozyme from the upper Gastrointestinal Tract of Opisthocomus hoatzin, the Stinkbird

Safety and efficacy evaluation of a novel dietary muramidase for swine

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