Evaluation of a marketed polyherbal dewormer against intestinal strongyles in naturally infected donkeys

Papini, Roberto Amerigo; Orsetti, Chiara; Sgorbini, Micaela

doi:10.2478/helm-2020-0003

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(19 reference statements)

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“…Few published in vivo data on the use of phytotherapeutic drugs against gastrointestinal parasites in equids are available in scientific literature, and unsatisfactory results are often found (31). To the best of our knowledge, only one study by Papini et al (32), investigated the effect of a plant-derived product against gastrointestinal parasites in donkeys but no efficacy has been observed in that report. On the contrary, the phytotherapic supplement used in the current study allowed a 56.9% reduction of intestinal strongyle egg shedding in naturally infected donkeys treated two times at fortnight interval (i.e., T-1, T14).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional Supplements Containing Cardus mariano, Eucalyptus globulus, Gentiana lutea, Urtica urens, and Mallotus philippinensis Extracts Are Effective in Reducing Egg Shedding in Dairy Jennies (Equus asinus) Naturally Infected by Cyathostomins

et al. 2020

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The increasing levels of anthelmintic resistance together with the restrictions in the use of drugs in food producing animals have enforced the search for sustainable alternative approaches for parasite control. The current study aimed to investigate the safety and the efficacy of a commercially available phytotherapic formulation against gastrointestinal strongyles in donkeys. Twenty-two Ragusana jennies (2.6 ± 0.5 years old) were assigned to two equal groups. One group was treated with two doses of a phytotherapic supplement Paraxitebio ® containing Cardus mariano, Eucalyptus globulus, Gentiana lutea, Urtica urens, and Mallotus philippinensis, 14 days apart (Group A). One group was used as negative control (Group B). Individual fecal samples were collected at the beginning of the study (T −1), and after 7, 14, and 28 days (T 7 , T 14 , T 28). Blood samples were collected on T −1 and T 28 in order to assess changes in donkeys' hematological profile. After the initial rise in EPG values observed on T 7 , Group A showed a significant EPG decrease with lower eggs per gram (EPG) count compared to Group B on T 28 and an overall fecal egg count reduction of 56.9% on the same time-point. Hematological parameters were within the normal physiological ranges for enrolled donkeys. However, significant differences in the values of RBCs, Hb, MCHC, MCV, WBCs, eosinophils, and basophils were recorded between groups after phytotherapic treatments, with Group A showing a general improvement in the hemogram picture. The phytotherapic supplement used in the current study was helpful in controlling intestinal parasites allowing a significant reduction in the fecal egg count 28 days after treatment. Further studies are needed to better explore the specific mode of action of the plant-derived formulation herein tested as well as to encourage their use as tool for the control of equine strongylosis under multimodal integrated approach in dairy donkey farms.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional Supplements Containing Cardus mariano, Eucalyptus globulus, Gentiana lutea, Urtica urens, and Mallotus philippinensis Extracts Are Effective in Reducing Egg Shedding in Dairy Jennies (Equus asinus) Naturally Infected by Cyathostomins

et al. 2020

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“…For these reasons, the importance of knowing the most common diseases of this species has increased. The scientific literature has shown a renewed interest in these animals regarding their welfare [3], infectious diseases [4][5][6][7], the need for specific diagnostic criteria and reference values in adult donkeys [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14], pregnant and lactating jennies [13][14][15][16] and donkey foals [17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonography Evaluation of Umbilical Structures in Clinically Healthy Donkey Foals during the First Week of Life

Vitale¹,

Nocera²,

Sgorbini³

et al. 2021

Animals

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The umbilicus is a potential access-point for pathogens in equine foal, causing umbilical infections and potentially life-threating illness. Early diagnosis based on ultrasonographic appearance and measurement is crucial to avoid severe complications and promptly implement appropriate therapy. This study ultrasonographically evaluates the umbilical remnants of donkey foals, in the first week of life. Fifteen healthy donkey foals were included in the study. The umbilical vein, arteries and urachus ultrasounds were performed at 24 h, 3 and 7 days of life, using a portable ultrasound machine and a 5–7.5 MHz multifrequency linear probe. The Kruskal–Wallis test and Dunn’s multiple comparisons test were applied to verify differences in relation to time for all the umbilical remnants measured. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. No statistical differences were observed in relation to time regarding umbilical remnant measurements. A correlation was found between body weight and the left artery at T0. The regression of the umbilical remnant during the first week of life was slower compared with what was reported in equine foals but was comparable with the results on calves. Thus, the different regression timing needs be considered when evaluating donkey foals with umbilical remnant diseases within the first week of life.

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“…Crude aqueous extract of Trachyspermum ammi has shown good in vivo anthelmintic activity against donkey GI nematodes, the faecal egg count reduction being 71.2% (Imani-Baran et al ., 2020). However, a herbal dewormer commercially available in Italy, which contains Mallotus philippinensis , Carduus marianus , Urtica urens , Genziana lutea and Eucalyptus globulus extracts, failed to exhibit any anthelmintic effect in vivo in donkeys – proof that in vitro and in vivo studies of the medicinal plants before their administration are required (Papini et al ., 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro anthelmintic activity assessment of six medicinal plant aqueous extracts against donkey strongyles

et al. 2020

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The lack of anthelmintic products licensed for donkeys and the rising number of small donkey milk farms in the countries of Western Europe and Italy have led to an increased interest in the study of reliable and safe plant-derived treatment alternatives. In this study, the aqueous extracts of Achillea millefolium L. (flowers), Artemisia absinthium L. (aerial parts), Centaurium erythraea Rafn. (flowers), Gentiana asclepiadea L. (rhizomes and roots), Inula helenium L. (rhizomes and roots) and Tanacetum vulgare L. (aerial parts), have been tested in vitro for their potential ovicidal and larvicidal activity against donkey nematodes. An egg-hatching assay (EHA) and larval development assay (LDA) were performed for the in vitro study, and median lethal concentration (LC-50) values for both EHA and LDA were calculated using probit analysis. All tested plant extracts showed strong anthelmintic activity against strongyle eggs and larvae at concentrations ranging between 125 and 1.95 mg/ml, except for C. erythraea, which exhibited very little or no effect at all at the tested concentrations. A strong ovicidal effect was observed in A. absinthium, with an LC-50 value of 0.486 mg/ml (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.21–1.09). Gentiana asclepiadea showed high efficacy against strongyle larvae, with an LC-50 value of 0.041 mg/ml (95% CI 0.01–0.16). The most significant (P < 0.01) anthelmintic activity was exhibited by I. helenium, with an LC-50 value of 0.041 mg/ml (95% CI 0.01–0.16) for EHA and 0.41 mg/ml (95% CI 0.27–0.62) for LDA. The results proved the anthelmintic efficacy of the tested plant extracts, highlighting the need for further research into plant bioactive molecules both in vitro and in vivo.

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Evaluation of a marketed polyherbal dewormer against intestinal strongyles in naturally infected donkeys

Cited by 4 publications

References 25 publications

Nutritional Supplements Containing Cardus mariano, Eucalyptus globulus, Gentiana lutea, Urtica urens, and Mallotus philippinensis Extracts Are Effective in Reducing Egg Shedding in Dairy Jennies (Equus asinus) Naturally Infected by Cyathostomins

Nutritional Supplements Containing Cardus mariano, Eucalyptus globulus, Gentiana lutea, Urtica urens, and Mallotus philippinensis Extracts Are Effective in Reducing Egg Shedding in Dairy Jennies (Equus asinus) Naturally Infected by Cyathostomins

Ultrasonography Evaluation of Umbilical Structures in Clinically Healthy Donkey Foals during the First Week of Life

In vitro anthelmintic activity assessment of six medicinal plant aqueous extracts against donkey strongyles

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