Evaluation of a Drowning Prevention Program Based on Testimonial Videos: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Shen, Jiabin; Pang, Shulan; Schwebel, David C.

doi:10.1093/jpepsy/jsv104

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The Activity Room extends existing measures in a few ways. Existing vignette or dollhouse simulations are valuable to assess risk-taking (e.g., Morrongiello & Rennie, 1998; Schwebel et al, 2011; Shen et al, 2016), but are designed to measure intent to risk-take rather than actual risk-taking. The balance beam task developed by Morrongiello and Matheis (2007) successfully measured children’s physical risk-taking but was limited to a single task and targeted toward an older age group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other strategies to assess children's risk-taking use simulation. Several laboratories have simulated risk situations with virtual reality (e.g., pedestrian street-crossing among children aged 7 to 9; Dixon et al, 2020;Morrongiello et al, 2015;Schwebel et al, 2008Schwebel et al, , 2014Schwebel et al, , 2016 or with short vignettes, stories, or dollhouse simulations, usually among children ranging from 3 to 10 years old, that assess intended rather than actual risk-taking (e.g., Morrongiello & Rennie, 1998;Schwebel et al, 2011;Shen et al, 2016). Both virtual reality (Schwebel et al, 2008) and laboratory replications with stories or dollhouse scenarios (Morrongiello, Schwebel, et al, 2013) have demonstrated convergence with real-world behaviors.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Validation of the Activity Room: An Ecologically Valid Assessment of Young Children’s Risk-Taking

Morgan

Estep

Morrongiello

et al. 2021

Journal of Prevention and Health Promotion

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Physical risk-taking is associated with increased risk of unintentional injury, a global health challenge and the leading cause of death for children in the United States. To assess risk and develop prevention programs, valid tools to assess children’s physical risk-taking are needed. No ecologically valid behavioral measures are widely available. This study describes the development and validation of the “Activity Room” to measure children’s physical risk-taking while presenting low risk of actual injury. Participants were 59 children aged 4 to 6 years old (51% female; 51% non-Hispanic White) and their parents. Children completed two tasks to assess physical risk-taking: (a) vignettes (short stories presenting risk situations) and (b) the “Activity Room” (unsupervised engagement for 5 min in a room with apparatus designed to stimulate potential physical risk-taking). Parents responded to a questionnaire concerning children’s active play behaviors. Correlational analyses evaluated convergent validity of the Activity Room risk-taking outcome. The Activity Room proved feasible; all children engaged eagerly and safely. Convergent validity was demonstrated through two strategies. First, risk-taking in the Activity Room correlated with observed play behaviors, such as climbing and falling. Second, risk-taking in the Activity Room correlated with children’s risk-taking responses in the vignettes and with parent-reported child risk-taking. Results indicate the Activity Room task is a valid technique to assess young children’s risk-taking in an ecologically valid real-world behavioral task. Incorporation of the task as an assessment tool may benefit a range of studies investigating children’s physical risk-taking behavior, risky decision-making, and child injury prevention strategies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Validation of the Activity Room: An Ecologically Valid Assessment of Young Children’s Risk-Taking

Morgan

Estep

Morrongiello

et al. 2021

Journal of Prevention and Health Promotion

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“…Children engaged in a structured task using dolls and toy vehicles on a small floor-based model village. Modeled after previous work [ 14 , 15 ], the task was designed to simulate and therefore assess children’s behavioral intentions in a variety of situations that replicate the lessons they might have learned on the Otto the Auto website. Specifically, children engaged in an interactive “story” guided by researchers.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating Otto the Auto: Does Engagement in an Interactive Website Improve Young Children’s Transportation Safety?

Schwebel

Johnston

Shen

et al. 2017

IJERPH

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Transportation-related injuries are a leading cause of pediatric death, and effective interventions are limited. Otto the Auto is a website offering engaging, interactive activities. We evaluated Otto among a sample of sixty-nine 4- and 5-year-old children, who participated in a randomized parallel group design study. Following baseline evaluation, children engaged with either Otto or a control website for 2 weeks and then were re-evaluated. Children who used Otto failed to show increases in transportation safety knowledge or behavior compared to the control group, although there was a dosage effect whereby children who engaged in the website more with parents gained safer behavior patterns. We conclude Otto may have some efficacy when engaged by children with their parents, but continued efforts to develop and refine engaging, effective, theory-driven strategies to teach children transportation safety, including via internet, should be pursued.

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“…Decrease in risk of drowning [58] Education materials No change in non-fatal drowning incidence [59] Increase in knowledge; [59] increase in knowledge; [60] increase in perception of drowning risk [66] Workshops Increase in water safety knowledge; [63] increase in water safety knowledge [64] Video testimonials Improved knowledge and simulated water behaviors [62] Lectures Reduction in mortality rates; [65] decrease in incidence of non-fatal drowning [67] Change in parental knowledge [65] The outcomes reported may be a summary of more than one intervention type.…”

Section: Education (Education) Training Of Community Health Workersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevention of childhood unintentional injuries in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review

et al. 2020

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Injuries are a leading cause of death and disability among children. Numerous injury prevention strategies have been successful in high-income countries, but the majority of unintentional injuries happen to children living in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This project aims to delineate the childhood injury prevention initiatives in LMICs. For inclusion, peer-reviewed articles needed to address unintentional injury, include children <18, assess a prevention-related intervention, contain a control group, and be published after 1988. Two pairs of reviewers evaluated articles independently to determine study eligibility. 74 articles were included. 30 studies addressed road traffic injuries, 11 drowning, 8 burns, 3 falls, 8 poisonings, and 21 an unspecified injury type. The findings show positive effects on injury outcome measures following educational interventions, the need for longer follow-up periods after the intervention, the need for effectiveness trials for behavior change, and the need for an increase in injury prevention services in LMICs. This is the first systematic review to summarize the prevention initiatives for all types of childhood unintentional injuries in LMICs. Increased attention and funding are required to go beyond educational initiatives with self-reported measures and little follow-up time to robust interventions that will reduce the global burden of unintentional injuries among children.

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Evaluation of a Drowning Prevention Program Based on Testimonial Videos: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract: The testimonial-based intervention's efficacy appears promising, as it improved safety knowledge and simulated risk behaviors with water among rural Chinese children.

Cited by 16 publications

References 36 publications

Validation of the Activity Room: An Ecologically Valid Assessment of Young Children’s Risk-Taking

Validation of the Activity Room: An Ecologically Valid Assessment of Young Children’s Risk-Taking

Evaluating Otto the Auto: Does Engagement in an Interactive Website Improve Young Children’s Transportation Safety?

Prevention of childhood unintentional injuries in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review

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