Evaluation of a Direct Solid Sampling Atomic Absorption Spectrometer for the Trace Determination of Mercury in Geological Samples

Hall, G.E.M.; Pelchat, P

doi:10.1039/a700194k

Cited by 74 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The total Hg analysis was carried out using atomic absorption spectrophotometry for mercury determination (Advanced Mercury Analyser; AMA 254, Altec s.r.l., Czech Rep.) following the procedure described by Hall and Pelchat (1997) and Ross-Barraclough et al (2002). To summarize, this method is based on sample combustion, gold amalgamation and atomic absorption spectrometry.…”

Section: Mercury (Hg) Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatio-temporal distribution of organic and inorganic pollutants from Lake Geneva (Switzerland) reveals strong interacting effects of sewage treatment plant and eutrophication on microbial abundance

et al. 2011

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a b s t r a c tVariation with depth and time of organic matter (carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus), inorganic pollutant (mercury), as well as bacterial abundance and activity, were investigated for the first time in sediment profiles of different parts of Lake Geneva (Switzerland) over the last decades. The highest organic contents (about 32%), mercury concentration (27 mg kg À1 ), bacterial abundance (in order of 9 Â 10 9 cell g À1 dry sediment), and bacterial activity (1299 Relative Light Units (RLU)) were found in the highly polluted sediments contaminated by the waste water treatment plant (WWTP) discharge, which deposited during the period of cultural eutrophication. Such data, which contrast with the other sampled sites from deeper and more remote parts of the lake, prove that the organic matter and nutrients released from the municipal WWTP have considerable effects on bacterial abundance and activities in freshwater sediments. In fact, the relatively unpolluted deepwater sites and the coastal polluted site show large synchronous increases in bacterial densities linked to the anoxic conditions in the 1970s (lake eutrophication caused by external nutrient input) that subsequently increased the nutrient loading fluxes. These results show that the microbial activities response to natural or human-induced changing limnological conditions (e.g., nutrient supply, oxygen availability, redox conditions) constitutes a threat to the security of water resources, which in turn poses concerns for the world's freshwater resources in the context of global warming and the degradation of water quality (oxygen depletion in the bottom water due to reduced deep waters mixing). Moreover, the accumulation of inorganic pollutants such as high mercury (methyl-mercury) concentration may represent a significant source of toxicity for sediment dwelling organisms.

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Section: Mercury (Hg) Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatio-temporal distribution of organic and inorganic pollutants from Lake Geneva (Switzerland) reveals strong interacting effects of sewage treatment plant and eutrophication on microbial abundance

et al. 2011

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“…Mercury concentrations were determined using atomic absorption spectroscopy after thermal combustion of the freeze-dried samples (50^100 mg) and Hg pre-concentration on a single gold trap by means of an AMA 254 solid phase Hg-Analyzer (Leco). A detailed description of the method is given elsewhere [22]. Speci¢c settings for analyses of the freezedried peat were 100 s for drying and 150 s for combustion.…”

Section: Mercury Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated mercury accumulation in a peat bog of the Magellanic Moorlands, Chile (53°S) – an anthropogenic signal from the Southern Hemisphere

Biester

Kilian

Franzen

et al. 2002

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

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Increasing mercury deposition rates in the Northern Hemisphere recorded in natural archives such as peat bogs or lake sediments have been documented in numerous studies. However, data on atmospheric Hg deposition in the Southern Hemisphere dating back to pre-industrial times are rare. Here, we provide a continuous record of atmospheric Hg deposition in the Southern Hemisphere recorded by an ombrotrophic peat bog of the Magellanic Moorlands, Chile (53 ‡S), extending back 3000 yr. Pre-industrial mercury accumulation rates range between 2.5 and 3.9 Wg/m 2 /yr. In the past 100 yr, Hg accumulation rates increased 18-fold from about 3 Wg/m 2 /yr to a maximum of 62.5 Wg/m 2 /yr. If Hg accumulation rates were normalized to peat accumulation rates, maximum rates were 7.9 Wg/m 2 / yr, which is only 2.5 times the pre-industrial rates. Thus, Hg accumulation rates normalized to peat accumulation rates are more comparable to the three-fold net increase in atmospheric Hg concentrations estimated for the same period. We suggest that the increase in Hg accumulation rates in the Magellanic Moorlands within the past 100 yr is at least partly attributed to global dispersion of Hg derived from anthropogenic sources in the Northern Hemisphere. The finding that no increase of atmospheric deposition of Pb could be observed in the bog indicates the extraordinary long-range transport and ubiquitous dispersion of anthropogenic derived gaseous Hg compared to other metals. ß

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“…Verskeie analitiese benaderings is die afgelope aantal dekades gebruik vir die bepaling van kwik in aardmateriale, insluitend atoomabsorpsie-spektrometrie (AAS) (Casas & Vaquer 1979;Chan & Bina 1989;Flanagan, Moore & Aruscavage 1982;Sighinolfi, Gorgoni & Santos 1980;Terashima 1994), atoomfluoressensie-spektrometrie (AFS) (Chen et al 2010;Han et al 2007;Li et al 2008;Xin et al 2004), induktief gekoppelde plasma-massaspektrometrie (IGP-MS) (Smichowski et al 2003;Zhang et al 2004) en neutronaktiveringsanalise (Dissanayake & Vincent 1975;Ehmann & Lovering 1967;Morris & Killick 1964). Die afgelope paar jaar het direkte kwikanalise, wat 'n proses is van termiese ontbinding met goudamalgaam voor konsentrasie en die bepaling van kwik deur middel van AAS, uitgestyg as die beste metode om die element kwik in aardmateriale te bepaal (Hall & Pelchat 1997;Lehloenya & Roelofse 2013;Marie et al 2015;Pettruzzelli et al 2012;Roy & Base 2008;Zintwana et al 2012). Die probleem met al hierdie tegnieke is egter die feit dat komminusie van monsters voor analise vereis word, wat gewoonlik die vergruising en daaropvolgende verpoeiering van monsters behels.…”

Section: Inleidingunclassified

Die invloed van verpoeiering op die kwikinhoud van verskeie gesertifiseerde verwysingsmateriale

Roelofse

Mulder

2015

Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskr Natuurwetenskap Tegnol

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The majority of analytical techniques, aimed at establishing the mercury contents of geological materials, require comminution of samples prior to analysis. This typically involves a process of crushing, followed by milling. It is known that heat is generated during milling in conventional milling apparatuses; therefore mercury losses may be expected due to the element’s volatility. To investigate mercury losses during milling, we analysed the mercury contents of nine certified reference materials of igneous rocks before milling and after respectively 3 and 10 minutes of milling, using a direct mercury analyser. The results of the experiments suggest that: (1) mercury losses are insignificant after 3 minutes of milling, (2) mercury losses become significant when samples undergo excessive milling, (3) mercury losses do not appear to be mineralogically controlled and (4) for samples with low mercury contents, contamination during milling plays a much more significant role in the analysed mercury contents than milling time.

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Evaluation of a Direct Solid Sampling Atomic Absorption Spectrometer for the Trace Determination of Mercury in Geological Samples

Cited by 74 publications

References 17 publications

Spatio-temporal distribution of organic and inorganic pollutants from Lake Geneva (Switzerland) reveals strong interacting effects of sewage treatment plant and eutrophication on microbial abundance

Spatio-temporal distribution of organic and inorganic pollutants from Lake Geneva (Switzerland) reveals strong interacting effects of sewage treatment plant and eutrophication on microbial abundance

Elevated mercury accumulation in a peat bog of the Magellanic Moorlands, Chile (53°S) – an anthropogenic signal from the Southern Hemisphere

Die invloed van verpoeiering op die kwikinhoud van verskeie gesertifiseerde verwysingsmateriale

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