Evaluation of a Colostrum Supplement, With or Without Trypsin Inhibitor, and an Egg Protein Milk Replacer for Dairy Calves,

Abstract

Forty-eight Holstein bull calves were assigned to a 2 x 2 x 2 factorial arrangement in a completely randomized block design. Main effects were colostrum versus a serum-derived colostrum supplement, 0 versus 1 g of trypsin inhibitor added at the initial 2 feedings, and milk replacer containing 0 or 50% CP from whole egg. Calves were bled at 0, 6, 12, 18, and 24 h after birth for determination of serum immunoglobulin (Ig). G. Serum IgG concentrations were lower in calves consuming the colostrum supplement compared with calves consuming colostrum. Apparent efficiency of absorption of IgG was similar. Trypsin inhibitor did not affect IgG concentrations or absorption of IgG. Calves were fed either milk replacer for 28 to 35 d (preweaning phase) and weaned when they consumed 0.7 kg of starter grain for 2 consecutive days. The postweaning phase was from weaning to d 56. Feeding colostrum supplement resulted in higher fecal scores postweaning (1.90 vs. 1.58) and overall (1.85 vs. 1.65) and fewer days medicated preweaning (5.1 vs. 2.2 d) and postweaning (3.9 vs. 1.9 d) and overall (9.0 vs. 4.2 d). Calves were treated for upper respiratory tract infections and diarrhea. Dry matter intake and weaning age were not affected by treatment. Postweaning (1.69 vs. 1.2 kg) and overall (1.22 vs. 1.0 kg), calves that received colostrum and egg milk replacer consumed more dry matter and starter. Postweaning, calves fed colostrum and egg milk replacer had similar or greater body weight and gains compared with calves fed colostrum and milk protein milk replacer. Preweaning, feed efficiency was greater for calves fed colostrum (0.44 vs. 0.34), trypsin inhibitor (0.42 vs. 0.36), and milk protein milk replacer (0.48 vs. 0.30) compared with calves fed colostrum supplement, no trypsin inhibitor, and egg milk replacer, respectively. Trypsin inhibitor increased feed efficiency postweaning. Calves fed trypsin inhibitor and milk protein milk replacer were more efficient preweaning and overall than calves fed trypsin inhibitor and egg milk replacer. Results indicate that the blood derived colostrum supplement did not provide as much IgG as colostrum (4.55 g/L vs. 14.6 g/L, respectively), that feeding 1.0 g of trypsin inhibitor did not enhance serum IgG concentrations, and that the egg milk replacer-fed calves fed colostrum performed nearly as well as calves fed colostrum and the milk protein milk replacer.

Effect of addition of soybean trypsin inhibitor to colostrum on immunological status in goat kids

“…These results show that the addition of soybean TI in colostrum did not affect the normal growth of the kids. This agrees with the previous work of Santoro et al. (2004), who found no effect of soybean TI addition to colostrum on calves’ growth, average daily gain or dry matter intake.…”

“…The amount of soybean TI used in our experiment (1 g/l) was the same as that used by Quigley et al. (1995b) and Santoro et al. (2004) in their studies with cow colostrum.…”

“…Whereas Quigley et al. (1995b) found greater serum IgG and IgM concentrations in Jersey calves after the addition of soybean TI to colostrum, Santoro et al. (2004) reported that TI did not affect IgG serum concentrations in Holstein calves.…”

“…Different authors have studied the effects of the addition of TI to bovine and swine colostrum to increase IgG levels, with contradictory results. Whereas Quigley et al (1995b) found greater serum IgG and IgM concentrations in Jersey calves after the addition of soybean TI to colostrum, Santoro et al (2004) reported that TI did not affect IgG serum concentrations in Holstein calves. Results of Quigley et al (1995b) supported the data of Jensen and Pedersen (1982) who found increased serum IgG and IgA concentration in piglets with diets supplemented with purified sow colostrum TI.…”

Biosecurity and Risk Management for Dairy Replacements

“…Producers should consider pasteurization of colostrum, especially in herds in which control of Johne's disease, Mycoplasma bovis, and Salmonella infections are identified as priorities; readers are referred to the chapter on colostrum management in this issue for discussion of pasteurization. Although colostrum substitutes may not provide an equivalent level of passive transfer as does feeding whole colostrum [153][154][155], their use may be indicated when clean colostrum from disease-free cows is not available.…”