Evaluation of 23 cutaneous anthrax patients in eastern Anatolia, Turkey: diagnosis and risk factors*

Özcan, Hamdi; Kayabaş, Üner; Bayındır, Yaşar; Bayraktar, Mehmet; Ay, Selma

doi:10.1111/j.1365-4632.2008.03665.x

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…This disease is also endemic in Turkey, particularly in the eastern part and most cases present as CA. Transmission of the infection to humans is generally through contact with infected animals or contaminated animal products (such as skin, wool or meat) in Turkey [3,6]. All of our study patients reported contact with infected animals and/or animal products (table 1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Microbiologic procedures (Gram stain and culture) can confirm the diagnosis [3,7,14,15]. The differential diagnosis of CA includes insect bites, molluscum contagiosum, cellulitis, ecthyma, milker's nodule, plague, tularemia, aspergillosis, mucormycosis, cutaneous leishmaniasis, cutaneous tuberculosis, leprosy, rat bite fever, scrub typhus, rickettsial spotted fevers and ecthyma gangrenosum.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The infection is primarily a disease of herbivores and is transmitted to humans by direct or indirect contact with sick animals [3,4]. Cutaneous anthrax (CA) is the most commonly seen (more than 95%) clinical form of human disease [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Naturally Occurring Cutaneous Anthrax: Antibiotic Treatment and Outcome

et al. 2012

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Objectives: Cutaneous anthrax (CA) is the most common clinical presentation in human anthrax, but the duration of antibiotic therapy in naturally occurring CA is controversial. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes of patients receiving antibiotic treatment for either 3-5 days (group 1) or 7-10 days (group 2) in uncomplicated CA. Methods: A total of 66 patients were enrolled; 29 (44%) in group 1 and 37 (56%) in group 2. Infections were classified as mild (n = 22, 33%) or severe (n = 44, 67%) CA. Results: There were no significant differences between the groups in symptom resolution time, fever clearance time, healing of lesions, development and healing of eschars, requirement for surgical intervention or the development of complications. Both edema resolution time and duration of hospital stay were longer in group 2. There were no therapeutic failures, relapses or deaths in either group. Steroid therapy was used in 32% of patients with severe CA, but a beneficial effect on resolution of edema was not demonstrated. Conclusions: These results suggest that short-course antibiotic therapy is as effective as standard-duration therapy in uncomplicated CA and that steroid therapy may not be effective.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Naturally Occurring Cutaneous Anthrax: Antibiotic Treatment and Outcome

et al. 2012

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“…Şarbon olguları en sık Afrika, Latin Amerika, Asya ve Doğu Avrupa ülkelerinden bildirilmektedir 2,3 . Ülkemizde özellikle Doğu ve Güneydoğu Anadolu bölgelerinde halen endemik olarak görülmektedir [4][5][6][7] . Basillus anthracis gram pozitif, bambu kamışına benzer zincirler yapan ve oluşturduğu sporlar doğada uzun süre kalabilen bir bakteridir.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

The evaluation of clinical and laboratory findings of 63 inpatient with cutaneous anthrax: Characteristics of cutaneous anthrax in Turkey

Özkol¹,

Karadaş²,

Sünnetçioğlu³

et al. 2014

TURKDERM

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Background and Design: Despite a very uncommon disease in developed countries, cutaneous anthrax (CA) is currently endemic in our countries. In this study, we aimed to bring out characteristic of anthrax of Turkey by comparing our results and the other CA reports in Turkey. Materials and Methods: Sixty three inpatients with CA between October 2009 and December 2012 were investigated retrospectively. All patients were diagnosed CA by clinical finding and/or microbiological examination. The demographic characteristics patient, routine tests, wound culture and gram staining results were recorded. Results were recorded on statistical program of SPSS 13.0 and were written using percent (%). Results: There were 63 inpatients (41 female (65.1%), 22 male (34.9%), mean age 35.9 years range10-83). Forty nine patients (77.8%) had a history of contact with animals or animal product. Thirty-eight (60.3%) and twenty-one (33.3%) patients were found in the summer and fall season, respectively. Gram staining and culture were performed in 51 patients. Gram-positive bacilli were detected in 17 patients (33.3%) by gram smear. Bacillus anthracis bacilli were produced in 11 patients (21.5%) in cultures test. The lesions were mostly seen on the left hand (30.2%). Penicillin was most frequently preferred in treatment of CA (87.3%). Conclusion: CA is still endemic in Eastern Anatolia and continues to increase in recent years. Women living in the villages in which income is obtained from buying and selling of animals constitute the most important risk group. Preventive actions such as training of the risky society, vaccination of animals, and obstructing of illegal animal entries across the border, will reduce the incidence of CA. (Turkderm 2014; 48: 197-203)

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“…Ülkemizde endemik bir hastalık olan şarbon ile il-gili olarak, son yıllarda özellikle Doğu ve Güneydoğu Anadolu bölgelerinden olgu serileri bildirilmektedir [4][5][6][7][8][9][10] . Bu raporda, konuya tekrar dikkat çekilmesi amacıyla, hastanemizde deri şarbonu saptanan dört olgu sunulmuştur.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Four Cases of Cutaneous Anthrax in Diyarbakir, Turkey

F²,

S³

2013

Mikrobiyol Bul

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ÖZETGelişmiş ülkelerde giderek azalan enfeksiyon hastalıklarından biri olan şarbon, özellikle Türkiye gibi hayvancılığın yaygın olduğu ülkelerde ciddi bir halk sağlığı sorunu olmaya devam etmektedir. Bu raporda Diyarbakır ilinin Kırkıra köyünde saptanan dört deri şarbonu olgusu sunulmaktadır. Hastanemize başvuran olguların üçü kadın, biri erkek olup, öykülerinden, ölmüş inek etinin doğranması sıra-sında parmaklarını kestikleri öğrenilmiştir. Olgular, maruziyetten yaklaşık 1 hafta sonra parmakların-da gelişen lezyonlar ve 10 gündür devam eden yüksek ateş şikayetleriyle hastaneye başvurmuşlardır. Lezyonların eritemli ve ödemli zeminde, düzensiz kenarlı, nekrotik vezikülobüllöz tarzda olduğu izlenmiş; klinik olarak bunların dışında sistemik bulguya rastlanmamıştır. Laboratuvar bulguları normal bulunmuştur. Hastaların lezyonlarından alınan sıvının Gram boyamasında tipik bambu kamışı görü-nümlü gram-pozitif basiller görülmüş; kanlı agarda yapılan kültürlerde aerobik koşullarda 24 saatte 2-3 mm çapında üzeri granüllü, kırışık, gri renkte R tipi koloniler yapan bakteriler üretilmiştir. Sadece bir olguda, lezyonun tipik görünümüne ve direkt mikroskopide karakteristik gram-pozitif basillerin görülmesine rağmen kültürde üreme olmamıştır. İzolatlar (n= 3) konvansiyonel mikrobiyolojik yöntemlerle Bacillus anthracis olarak tanımlanmış, ayrıca Vitek 2 (BioMerieux, Fransa) otomatize sistemi ile de doğrulanmıştır. Disk difüzyon yöntemiyle CLSI önerilerine göre yapılan antibiyotik duyarlılık testlerinde, izolatların penisilin G, ampisilin, eritromisin, amikasin, kloramfenikol, tetrasiklin, vankomisin ve siprofloksasine duyarlı olduğu saptanmıştır. Olgular, penisilin veya siprofloksasin tedavisi ile birlikte topikal yara bakımı yapılarak başarı ile tedavi edilmişlerdir. Son yıllarda Türkiye'nin özellik-le Doğu ve Güneydoğu Anadolu bölgelerinden çok sayıda olgu serileri rapor edilmektedir. Diyarbakır bölgesinde saptadığımız bu dört deri şarbonu olgusu ile de, konuya bir kez daha dikkat çekilme-si amaçlanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, ülkemizde şarbonun endemik olduğu bölgelerde, risk grubunda yer alan kişilerin eğitimi, koruyucu önlemlerin alınması ve hayvan/hayvan ürünlerine maruziyet öyküsü olan hastalarda vezikül ve ödemle birlikte ağrısız ülser varlığı saptandığında öncelikle şarbonun dü-Geliş Tarihi

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Evaluation of 23 cutaneous anthrax patients in eastern Anatolia, Turkey: diagnosis and risk factors*

Cited by 11 publications

References 18 publications

Naturally Occurring Cutaneous Anthrax: Antibiotic Treatment and Outcome

Naturally Occurring Cutaneous Anthrax: Antibiotic Treatment and Outcome

The evaluation of clinical and laboratory findings of 63 inpatient with cutaneous anthrax: Characteristics of cutaneous anthrax in Turkey

Four Cases of Cutaneous Anthrax in Diyarbakir, Turkey

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