Evaluation of 10-year temporal and spatial variability in structure and growth across contrasting commercial thinning treatments in spruce-fir forests of northern Maine, USA

Kuehne, Christian; Weiskittel, Aaron R.; Pommerening, Arne; Wagner, Robert G.

doi:10.1007/s13595-018-0697-7

Cited by 24 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Marked correlation functions [33,34] and mark variogram functions [34,[37][38][39], which have been widely applied in ecology, can identify the underlying pattern present and detect the relevant spatial scale of size correlation and size autocorrelation at which the ecological process is operating.…”

Section: Marked Correlation Functions and Marked Variogramsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to explore spatial correlation structure in terms of quantitative tree mark of tree, tree size (height) was used as a "mark" in a mark correlation function (MCF) and mark variograms function (MVF) [37][38][39][40][41][42]. The MCF analysis is similar to the pair-correlation function g(r), but it allowed us to detect density-dependent size correlation caused by competition in nearby tree individuals [40,41].…”

Section: Marked Correlation Functions and Marked Variogramsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The MVF analysis measures the frequency of pairs of dominant and suppressed trees in close proximity. γ mm (r) has smaller values if the sizes of the trees in a pair with interpoint distance r are similar, and larger values if the measurements differ strongly [37][38][39]. We also used the test function t (m i , m j ) which yields the mark variogram function:…”

Section: Marked Correlation Functions and Marked Variogramsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Competition may at times not be strong enough to cause high mortality but rather lead to a reduction in tree size (e.g., height or diameter at breast height (DBH)). In such situations, the study of size correlation and size autocorrelation in trees spatial distribution patterns can identify the underlying competition relationship of nearby trees [31,33,34,[37][38][39][40][41]. Strong competition interactions between neighbouring trees that cause size hierarchies (unequal-sized neighbouring) often leads to asymmetric competition, which was defined as larger-sized trees obtaining a disproportionate share of resources (for their relative size) and suppressing the growth of smaller ones [42,43].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatial Pattern and Competitive Relationships of Moso Bamboo in a Native Subtropical Rainforest Community

Zhang

Xue

2018

Forests

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Bamboo has invaded native forests worldwide, and its aggressive spread by rhizomes facilitates patch expansion and the eventual replacement of adjacent forests. However, fine-scale studies of the spatial pattern and competitive relationships of bamboo in native forests are still lacking. We obtained data from nine plots in a native south subtropical rainforest in Guizhou Province, northwest China. Pair-correlation functions indicated that competition caused by bamboo expansion has not led to large-scale regular spatial distributions in bamboo forest and negative density-related dependence mechanisms regulating the spatial pattern of the native forest community. Marked correlation functions indicated small bamboo in clusters form colony patches that grow around the larger mature trees, resulting in patch expansion in the native forest community. Mark variogram functions identified significant positive spatial autocorrelation of moso bamboo caused by interactions with similar-sized trees within colony patches. This study showed that moso bamboo has colonized and expanded within the native forest community. Compared to the native forest species, the strategy of patch expansion and equal tree sizes in colony patches of moso bamboo could prevent regular distribution trend and size-asymmetric competition between nearby bamboo for the asymmetric and limited sources (i.e., light) in the forest, enhancing the persistence of moso bamboo in the native forest in our study stand located in a south subtropical rainforest in a river valley.

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Section: Marked Correlation Functions and Marked Variogramsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Marked Correlation Functions and Marked Variogramsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Marked Correlation Functions and Marked Variogramsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatial Pattern and Competitive Relationships of Moso Bamboo in a Native Subtropical Rainforest Community

Zhang

Xue

2018

Forests

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“…Thinning is a common forest management practice [12]. Thinning can affect soil microbial structure and function by altering microenvironments (e.g., soil moisture and temperature), as well as the quality and quantity of substrate inputs (e.g., litter and roots), which can further influence soil P bioavailability [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Variations and Thinning Effects on Soil Phosphorus Fractions in Larix principis-rupprechtii Mayr. Plantations

Tian

Cheng

Han

et al. 2019

Forests

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Thinning is a common management practice in forest ecosystems. However, understanding whether thinning treatment will change the availability of phosphorus (P) in soils, and the effect of thinning on the seasonal dynamics of soil P fractions, are still limited. The objective of the present study was to assess seasonal variations in soil P fractions under different forest thinning management strategies in a Larch (Larix spp.) plantation in northern China. To accomplish this, we examined soil P fractions, soil physical–chemical properties, and litter biomass under control (CK), light (LT), moderate (MT) and high thinning (HT) treatments. Data were collected during the growing season of 2017. We found that most P fractions varied seasonally at different soil depths, with the highest values occurring in the summer and autumn. When compared to CK, MT enhanced the inorganic P (Pi) concentration extracted by resin strip (R-Pi). Labile organic P (Labile Po), moderately labile P and total P (TP) also increased in both MT and HT treatments irrespective of season. In contrast, less-labile Pi and Po fractions were lower in LT than in CK, especially when examining deeper soil layers. Our results suggest that LT leads to a strong ability to utilize Po and less-labile Pi. Moreover, the effect of thinning did not tend to increase with thinning intensity, P availability was maximized at the MT. Ultimately, we show that MT can improve soil P bioavailability and is recommended in Larix principis-rupprechtii Mayr. plantations of North China. Our results emphasize that the effect of thinning management on soil microenvironment is an important basis for evaluating soil nutrients such as soil P bioavailability.

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Structural diversity and carbon stock of forest stands: tradeoff as modified by silvicultural thinning

Pretzsch,

Hilmers

2024

Eur J Forest Res

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In forest management, merging stand structural diversity with carbon storage is essential for resilience and climate mitigation. This study assesses (1) how structural diversity in stands of spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.), pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), beech (Fagus sylvatica L.), and oak (Quercus robur L. and Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.) in Central Europe varies with age, site quality, and applied thinning grade; (2) these factors' impact on carbon stock; and (3) the link between structural diversity and carbon stock. Analyzing 26 long-term thinning experiments, we used the Gini coefficient of tree heights to measure structural diversity and species-specific biomass functions for carbon stock assessments. Our results show that structural diversity, highest in beech and spruce, decreases with stand age and on richer sites. Thinning enhances structural diversity in spruce and beech but reduces it in pine and oak. Unthinned or only moderately thinned mature spruce and beech stands outperform pine and oak in carbon stock (200–300 vs. 100–150 Mg C ha−1). C- and D&E-grade thinning halves carbon stock. A decrease in vertical layering with increased carbon storage varies across species. Given the same carbon stock, thinning from above maintains structural diversity in spruce and beech, while non-thinning or thinning from below promotes structural diversity in pine and oak. Based on the current silvicultural practice reflected by the NFI data of Germany, we argue that reduced thinning in previously D&E-grade thinned stands may slightly reduce their structural diversity. However, a suspension or reduction of thinning would strongly improve carbon storage (+ 100–200 Mg C ha−1) in the next 3–5 decades. We discussed options for reconciling structural diversity and carbon storage by silvicultural management of the four considered species in Central Europe.

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Evaluation of 10-year temporal and spatial variability in structure and growth across contrasting commercial thinning treatments in spruce-fir forests of northern Maine, USA

Abstract: & Key message Detailed measures of growth pattern and structural heterogeneity applied in this study helped to quantify the immediate effects of various thinning regimes on forest structure and the resulting alterations in

Cited by 24 publications

References 44 publications

Spatial Pattern and Competitive Relationships of Moso Bamboo in a Native Subtropical Rainforest Community

Spatial Pattern and Competitive Relationships of Moso Bamboo in a Native Subtropical Rainforest Community

Seasonal Variations and Thinning Effects on Soil Phosphorus Fractions in Larix principis-rupprechtii Mayr. Plantations

Structural diversity and carbon stock of forest stands: tradeoff as modified by silvicultural thinning

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