Evaluation and prognosis of sarcopenia using impedance analysis in patients with liver cirrhosis

Changes in liver function and body composition by direct‐acting antiviral therapy for hepatitis C virus infection

“…In theory, an unavoidable and serious drawback of BIA is its overestimation of skeletal muscle mass when BIA is used on patients with edematous conditions, such as liver cirrhosis . To minimize the overestimation of skeletal muscle mass, we have always mainly measured the impedance of the upper extremities . In the present study, there were no patients in the uncompensated stage with edema/ascites, therefore body composition was measured with relative accuracy.…”

“…To assess body composition in liver disease patients, dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) and torso cross‐sectional computerized tomography (CT) imaging are often used as measurement tools . Multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) can also be used for the measurement of body composition …”

Sarcopenia and Sarcopenic Obesity Are Prognostic Factors for Overall Survival in Patients with Cirrhosis

“…However, caution is necessary in diseases that lead to an increased amount of body fluids, such as cirrhosis, since such measurements may be overestimated (21). In order to minimize this issue, upper limb muscle mass measurements were used for our evaluations (12). The upper limb is widely used for traditional physical measurements and it is quite suitable for this purpose as well.…”

“…Regarding body composition, in addition to height and weight, the extracellular water (ECW) ratio, visceral fat area (VFA, cm 2 ) and upper limb skeletal muscle mass (kg) were measured using a multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis device (InBody 720 ; Biospace, Seoul, Korea), and the relationships between VFA and the upper limb skeletal muscle mass and blood test results were investigated. Subsequently, setting the cut-off value of VFA at 100 cm 2 for visceral obesity and the cut-off value of sarcopenia at 1.7 kg/m 2 for men and 1.2 kg/m 2 for women, patients were classified into normal body composition, visceral obesity, sarcopenia, and sarcopenic obesity (12), and their outcomes were observed. The European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People and the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia suggested that a low muscle mass (sarcopenia) is more than 2 standard deviations (SD) below the normal young mean.…”

“…The European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People and the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia suggested that a low muscle mass (sarcopenia) is more than 2 standard deviations (SD) below the normal young mean. Taking into account age-and disease (diabetes)-related muscle loss, values less than 1 SD from the mean in the diabetes cases were considered to indicated the presence of sarcopenia in the present study (12).…”