Evaluation and optimization of the influence of silver cluster ions on the MALDI-TOF-MS analysis of polystyrene nanoplastic polymers

Habumugisha, Théogène; Ndayishimiye, Jean Claude; Nkinahamira, François; Kayiranga, Alexis; Cyubahiro, Eric; Rehman, Abdul; Yan, Changzhou; Zhang, Xian

doi:10.1039/d1ay02219a

Cited by 17 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…This finding could present an advantage for the analysis of synthetic polymers with MALDI since the addition of a cationizing agent will not be required for polymers with sufficiently high absorption at the wavelength of the second laser. In addition, prior studies reported that silver salts when used with very acidic matrices can produce spectral interferences in the analysis of low-molecular-weight polymers. , Hence, MALDI-2 could be very beneficial for this kind of study of PS without spectral interferences. Lastly, other UV-absorbing polymers, such as those containing aromatic systems, could benefit from a MALDI-2-based analytical approach.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

MALDI-2 Mass Spectrometry for Synthetic Polymer Analysis

Molina-Millán,

Körber,

Flinders

et al. 2023

Macromolecules

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Synthetic polymers are ubiquitous in daily life, and their properties offer diverse benefits in numerous applications. However, synthetic polymers also present an increasing environmental burden through their improper disposal and subsequent degradation into secondary micro- and nanoparticles (MNPs). These MNPs accumulate in soil and water environments and can ultimately end up in the food chain, resulting in potential health risks. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI MSI) has the potential to study localized biological or toxicological changes in organisms exposed to MNPs. Here, we investigate whether MALDI-2 postionization can provide a sensitivity enhancement in polymer analysis that could contribute to the study of MNPs. We evaluated the effect of MALDI-2 by comparing MALDI and MALDI-2 ion yields from polyethyleneglycol (PEG), polypropylene glycol (PPG), polytetrahydrofuran (PTHF), nylon-6, and polystyrene (PS). MALDI-2 caused a signal enhancement of the protonated species for PEG, PPG, PTHF, and nylon-6. PS, by contrast, preferentially formed radical ions, which we attribute to direct resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI). REMPI of PS led to an improvement in sensitivity by several orders of magnitude, even without cationizing salts. The improved sensitivity demonstrated by MALDI-2 for all polymers tested highlights its potential for studying the distribution of certain classes of polymers in biological systems.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

MALDI-2 Mass Spectrometry for Synthetic Polymer Analysis

Molina-Millán,

Körber,

Flinders

et al. 2023

Macromolecules

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“…According to the literature, a variety of cations have been widely used for the analysis of different types of polymers and the formation of [M + cation] n+ adducts (Na + , Ag + , K + , Cu 2+ , Cs + , Cr 3+ ) have been observed, while the anions applied to induce the so ionization of these particular polymers, the [M + anion] nÀ adducts (anion ¼ NO 3 À , Cl À , I À , SO 4 2À and Br À ) have been formed. 115,[122][123][124][125][126] Furthermore, metal salts are available at low cost and could easily be found in chemistry laboratories, making them useful for assisting the ionization system, which, would be a much more practical and economical choice. [60][61][62] Metal salts-based developed strategies would provide a promising platform for MS techniques in polymer characterization.…”

Section: Development Of a Metal Saltassisted Ionization System For Msmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For some special cases of polymers, polar matrices could also be used. 123,125,126 6.2. Prospective for future…”

Section: Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress on the development of a metal salt-assisted ionization source for the mass spectrometric analysis of polymers

Muyizere

Mukiza

2022

Anal. Methods

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“…Indole is an electron-rich compound widely distributed in biological systems such as proteins (amino acid tryptophan side chain) and alkaloids . Some existing indole-related MALDI matrices are trans-3-indoleacrylic acid (IAA) for polymers and steroids; − indole-3-pyruvic acid (IPA) for peptides and proteins; and 9H-pyrido[3,4- b ]-indole (nor-harmane) for lipids, proteins, peptides, carbohydrates, and synthetic polymers. ,− Nitro-containing matrices generally have a nitro group attached to a benzene ring, such as 9-nitroanthracene (9-NA) for polymers and organic ligands, , 2-nitrophloroglucinol (2-NPG) for protein multiple charging, 5-nitrosalicylic acid (5-NSA) for glycan in source decay (ISD), 3-hydroxy-4-nitrobenzoic acid (3H4NBA)/3-hydroxy-2-nitrobenzoic acid (3H2NBA) for peptide ISD, , and 4-nitroaniline (PNA) for lipids . Nitro substituted β-carboline (nor-harmane) and carbazole derivatives were also reported. , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitro Indole Derivatives as Novel Dual-Polarity Matrices for MALDI Mass Spectrometry and Imaging with Broad Applications

Liang,

Mondal,

et al. 2024

Anal. Chem.

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A new matrix framework is presented in this study for the improved ionization efficiency of complex mixtures by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry/imaging. Five nitro indole (NI) derivatives [3-methyl-4-nitro-1H-indole (3,4-MNI), 3-methyl-6-nitro-1H-indole (3,6-MNI), 2,3-dimethyl-4-nitro-1H-indole (2,3,4-DMNI), 2,3-dimethyl-6-nitro-1H-indole (2,3,6-DMNI), and 4-nitro-1H-indole (4-NI)] were synthesized and shown to produce both positive and negative ions with a broad class of analytes as MALDI matrices. NI matrices were compared to several common matrices, such as 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB), alpha-cyano-4-hydroxylcinnamic acid (CHCA), sinapinic acid (SA), 1,5-diaminonaphthelene (1,5-DAN), and 9-aminoacridine (9-AA), for the analysis of lipid, peptide, protein, glycan, and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) compounds. 3,4-MNI demonstrated the best performance among the NI matrices. This matrix resulted in reduced ion suppression and better detection sensitivity for complex mixtures, for example, egg lipids/milk proteins/PFOS in tap water, while 2,3,6-DMNI was the best matrix for blueberry tissue imaging. Several important aspects of this work are reported: (1) dual-polarity ion production with NI matrices and complex mixtures; (2) quantitative analysis of PFOS with a LOQ of 0.5 ppb in tap water and 0.05 ppb in MQ water (without solid phase extraction enrichment), with accuracy and precision within 5%; (3) MALDI imaging with 2,3,6-DMNI as a matrix for plant metabolite/lipid identification with ionization enhancement in the negative ion mode m/z 600–900 region; and (4) development of a thin film deposition under/above tissue method for MALDI imaging with a vacuum sublimation matrix on a high-vacuum MALDI instrument.

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Evaluation and optimization of the influence of silver cluster ions on the MALDI-TOF-MS analysis of polystyrene nanoplastic polymers

Abstract: Polystyrene nanoplastic mass spectra suffered interference from silver cluster ions. Nonpolar matrices enhanced the polystyrene nanoplastic mass spectral quality.

Cited by 17 publications

References 56 publications

MALDI-2 Mass Spectrometry for Synthetic Polymer Analysis

MALDI-2 Mass Spectrometry for Synthetic Polymer Analysis

Progress on the development of a metal salt-assisted ionization source for the mass spectrometric analysis of polymers

Nitro Indole Derivatives as Novel Dual-Polarity Matrices for MALDI Mass Spectrometry and Imaging with Broad Applications

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