Evaluation and Modeling of the Cell Resistance in Anode-Supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Leonide, André; Sonn, Volker; Weber, André; Ivers‐Tiffée, Ellen

doi:10.1149/1.2801372

Cited by 603 publications

(564 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…arc at 0.5 Hz, as shown in Fig. 6d, is associated with slower adsorption/desorption of oxygen on the electrode surface, 16,17 which is in agreement with an order of magnitude higher surface exchange coefficient for PNO (e.g. 2 × 10 −6 cm s −1 vs. 4 × 10 −7 cm s −1 in NNO at 750…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 77%

Activity and Stability of (Pr_1-xNd_x)₂NiO₄as Cathodes for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Dogdibegovic

Guan

Yan

et al. 2016

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Single phase (Pr 1-x Nd x ) 2 NiO 4 cathode powders (x = 0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1.0) were synthesized via a glycine-nitrate combustion and high temperature calcination. Anode supported cells were used to investigate the cathode property. A reproducible performance, within 9% for each cathode composition, was observed providing a wealth of data for quantitative studies. Area specific resistance analysis and i-V measurements between 650 and 850 • C showed a decrease in the cell performance with increasing Nd content. Impedance spectrum analysis suggests that the decline in performance results from an increase in electrode polarization. While Pr 2 NiO 4 cells showed significant performance degradation of 6.40%/1,000 hours, the degradation rate for (Pr 0.75 Nd 0.25 ) 2 NiO 4 cells was reduced by an order of magnitude (0.56%/1,000 hours) with a 7% lower power output. Likewise, the cathodes with a higher Nd content showed further improvement in performance stability with a marginal degradation rate of 0.06%/1,000 hours. During the past few years, praseodymium nickelate (Pr 2 NiO 4+δ , PNO) has attracted increasing attention as the cathode for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) because of its unique properties over a wide temperature range, 1-5 including: (1) a high oxygen diffusion coefficient (e.g.(3) a low polarization resistance in a single cell, (4) a large oxygen overstoichiometry (δ as much as 0.22 at room temperature), 6 and (5) the ability to accept various substituents with similar ionic radii and valance at Pr and/or Ni sites.2 Moreover, its coefficient of thermal expansion (13.2 × 10 −6 K −1 ) 4,7 is compatible to doped ceria (13 × 10 −6 K −1 ) 7 and yttria-stabilized zirconia (11 × 10 −6 K −1 ) 7 electrolytes. The electrochemical performance of PNO, however, did show an appreciative degradation 4 which likely resulted from its readily occurring phase transitions at operating conditions. 8 PNO partially decomposes to praseodymium oxide (PrO x ) and a higher order layered structure (Pr 3 Ni 2 O 7 ) during operation, 8 which presents a concern because of possible structural collapse and longterm performance degradation. 4,8 Current approaches to stabilize the PNO phase focus on substituting A and/or B-site ions.9,10 Both La 2 NiO 4 and Nd 2 NiO 4 (NNO) are more stable than PNO, 11 but have lower power density.12 This work reports an attempt to stabilize the long-term cell performance in praseodymium nickelate. (Pr 1-x Nd x ) 2 NiO 4 (PNNO, x = 0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1.0) cathodes were synthesized and electrochemically evaluated in anode supported cells. Nd was chosen as an A-site substituent due to its similar physical properties to Pr and its ability to suppress the formation of PrO x and higher order phases. The i-V and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements were performed between 650-850• C, while the performance stability was measured at 750• C and 0.8 V for 500 hours. ExperimentalStarting materials, Pr(NO 3 ) 3 , Nd(NO 3 ) 3 , and Ni(NO 3 ) 2 (99.9% REO, Alfa Aesar, Haverhill, MA) were...

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 77%

Activity and Stability of (Pr_1-xNd_x)₂NiO₄as Cathodes for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Dogdibegovic

Guan

Yan

et al. 2016

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…In order to obtain information about the electrochemical processes and their parameter dependencies, type B cells were tested under variation of the partial pressure of steam at the anode (pH 2 O an ) and the partial pressure of oxygen at the cathode (pO 2,cat ). The distribution of relaxation times (DRT) method [15] and the subsequent CNLS-fitting of a physically motivated equivalent circuit [17] were applied to obtain an accurate electrochemical analysis of the measured cells. The low-frequency arcs of the spectra show a significant sensitivity to the variation of pH 2 O an , whereas the highfrequency arcs exhibit a low sensitivity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is interesting that the polarization processes related to the charge transfer reaction at the anode exhibit an increasing resistance for increasing pH 2 O an . The anodic activation polarization processes P 2A and P 3A are formed by the complex coupling of ionic transport, gas transport and the electrochemical fuel oxidation [17]. For cermet anodes, it has been shown that these processes decrease with increasing pH 2 O an .…”

Section: Figure 21: Arrhenius Plot Of the Cathode Activation Polarizamentioning

confidence: 99%

Break‐down of Losses in High Performing Metal‐Supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

et al. 2013

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Metal supported SOFC designs offer competitive advantages such as reduced material costs and improved mechanical robustness. On the other hand, disadvantages might arise due to possible corrosion of the porous metal parts during processing and operation at high fuel utilization. In this paper we present the results of performance and stability improvements for a metal supported cell developed within the European project METSOFC and the Danish National Advanced Technology Foundation. The cells consist of a porous metal backbone, a metal / zirconia cermet anode and a 10ScYSZ electrolyte, cofired in hydrogen. The electrochemically active parts were applied by infiltrating CGO-Ni precursor solution into the porous metal and anode backbone and screenprinting (La,Sr)(Co,Fe)O 3 -based cathodes. To prevent a solid state reaction between cathode and zirconia electrolyte, CGO buffer layers were applied in between cathode and electrolyte. The detailed electrochemical characterization by means of impedance spectroscopy and a subsequent data analysis by the distribution of relaxation times enabled us to separate the different loss contributions in the cell. Based on an appropriate equivalent circuit model, the ohmic and polarization losses related to the gas diffusion in the metal support, the electrooxidation in the anode functional layer and the oxygen reduction in the mixed ionic electronic conducting cathode were determined. An additional process with a rather high relaxation frequency could be attributed to the formation of insulating interlayers at the cathode/electrolyte-interface. Based on these results, selective measures to improve performance and stability, such as (i) an improved PVD-deposited CGO buffer layer, (ii) LSC-CGO based in-situ sintered cathodes and (iii) reduced corrosion of the metal support were adopted and validated.

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“…In this study, the distribution of relaxation time (DRT) related to the electrochemical processes were directly calculated from the experimental impedance spectra as similar to the previous papers. 30,31 Polarization impedance Z pol (½) are considered to be an equivalent circuit composed of an infinite number of RC elements in the following series:…”

Section: Electrochemical and Catalytic Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Operating Temperature on Durability for Direct Butane Utilization of Microtubular Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

et al. 2013

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The effect of operating temperature on durability was investigated for direct butane utilization using microtubular solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). At 710°C, the performance of the Ni-Gd doped ceria (Ni-GDC) anode deteriorated rapidly for less than 2 h in butane fuel with relatively low steam/carbon (S/C) ratio at 0.044 because of a large amount of carbon deposition by butane cracking. The carbon nanofiber grew up from catalysis in the Ni-GDC anode after direct butane utilization at 660°C for 15 h. The carbon deposition rate in wet butane was slower than that in dry butane below 660°C on the Ni-GDC composite, because the oxidation of deposited carbon was also promoted by catalysis in the presence of water. The electric power could be generated continuously for more than 24 h in butane at S/C = 0.044 and relatively low operating temperature at 610°C using the Ni-GDC anode. Decrease in the operating temperature realized high durability against carbon deposition for direct butane utilization of SOFCs using the Ni-GDC anode.

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Evaluation and Modeling of the Cell Resistance in Anode-Supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Cited by 603 publications

References 15 publications

Activity and Stability of (Pr_1-xNd_x)₂NiO₄as Cathodes for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Activity and Stability of (Pr_1-xNd_x)₂NiO₄as Cathodes for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Break‐down of Losses in High Performing Metal‐Supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Effect of Operating Temperature on Durability for Direct Butane Utilization of Microtubular Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

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Evaluation and Modeling of the Cell Resistance in Anode-Supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Cited by 603 publications

References 15 publications

Activity and Stability of (Pr1-xNdx)2NiO4as Cathodes for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Activity and Stability of (Pr1-xNdx)2NiO4as Cathodes for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Break‐down of Losses in High Performing Metal‐Supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Effect of Operating Temperature on Durability for Direct Butane Utilization of Microtubular Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

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Product

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Activity and Stability of (Pr_1-xNd_x)₂NiO₄as Cathodes for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Activity and Stability of (Pr_1-xNd_x)₂NiO₄as Cathodes for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells