Evaluation and comparison of the antimicrobial efficacy of teicoplanin- and clindamycin-coated titanium implants

Abstract

We studied the effects of coating titanium implants with teicoplanin and clindamycin in 30 New Zealand White rabbits which were randomly assigned to three groups. The intramedullary canal of the left tibia of each rabbit was inoculated with 500 colony forming units of Staphylococcus aureus. Teicoplanin-coated implants were implanted into rabbits in group 1, clindamycin-coated implants into rabbits in group 2, and uncoated implants into those in group 3. All the rabbits were killed one week later. The implants were removed and cultured together with pieces of tibial bone and wound swabs. The rate of colonisation of the organisms in the three groups was compared. Organisms were cultured from no rabbits in group 1, one in group 2 but from all in group 3. There was no significant difference between groups 1 and 2 (p = 1.000). There were significant differences between groups 1 and 3 and groups 2 and 3 (p < 0.001). Significant protection against bacterial colonisation and infection was found with teicoplanin- and clindamycin-coated implants in this experimental model.

Septic arthritis in immunocompetent and immunosuppressed hosts

“…However, with the widespread use of cementless bone implants, other antibacterial biomaterials are needed for primary arthroplasty. Studies have been conducted on calcium phosphate-based coatings [162], polymerization of vancomycin into the implant [163], direct spraying of implant with antibiotics in methanol [164], and silver-coated prosthesis [165]. However, none of these have been proven effective in large-scale, randomized, controlled clinical trials.…”

Identification of Ellagic Acid Rhamnoside as a Bioactive Component of a Complex Botanical Extract with Anti-biofilm Activity

“…While there is indeed a pressing need for new antibiotics, there is an equally urgent need to develop drugs that specifically target biofilms to interfere with pathogenesis pathways. Non-biocide biofilm inhibitors could be used to prevent colonization, while avoiding selective pressures for resistance typical of the antibiotics (Agostinho et al, 2009; Aykut et al, 2010; Harth et al, 2010; Jang et al, 2010) and metals (Monteiro et al, 2009; Baldoni et al, 2010; Khalilpour et al, 2010) used in current device coatings. Finally, biofilm inhibitors also could be used as antibiotic adjuvants (Kalan and Wright, 2011) by facilitating antibiotic access to microbial targets, thereby improving efficacy (Wolcott and Dowd, 2010).…”

The effect of teicoplanin coating on osteointegration of titanium screws: a biomechanical and histomorphometric study in a rabbit model

“…In the majority, the removal of the device and prosthesis, placement of antibiotic-loaded cement spacer, long-term antibiotic treatment, and multiple debridements and revision operations cause a great increase in the cost of treatment and labor force losses [1,6]. In the treatment of these infections, systemic and local antibiotics are applied following the removal of the device and especially joint prosthesis [1][2][3][4][6][7][8][9][10][11]. Since there are some side effects with the use of systemic antibiotics, the application of local antibiotics has become an area of more current research [12,13].…”

“…Since there are some side effects with the use of systemic antibiotics, the application of local antibiotics has become an area of more current research [12,13]. In recent years, an experimental study showing the effects of teicoplanin and clindamycin coated titanium wires in the prevention of infection has been published [11]. Coating of the implant with antibiotic forms an important stage in the prevention of bacterial colonization of the implant surface starting from the moment of implantation and continuing with the expression of active substance [14].…”

“…Coating of the implant with antibiotic forms an important stage in the prevention of bacterial colonization of the implant surface starting from the moment of implantation and continuing with the expression of active substance [14]. Coating implants with antibiotics seems to be an effective method in the prevention of infections and successful results have been reported from experimental studies related to this method [8][9][10][11]. But, one might worry whether antibiotic coating interferes with osteointegration.…”