Evaluation and Comparison of the Surface Roughness and Porosity of Different Provisional Restorative Materials: An in vitro Study

Kumar, Ganesh V; Devi, R. Rama; Anto, Nimmy

doi:10.5005/jp-journals-10063-0010

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 21 publications

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“…Micro-CT can provide a powerful, nondestructive 3D approach for quantifying the porosity of materials [55]. Porosity is multifactorial and may be in uenced by monomer shrinkage during polymerization [56], air trapping during material mixing [57], or monomer vaporization associated with exothermic reactions [58]. The porosity analysis showed better results for the CAD/CAM PMMA resin, with a lower percentage of porosity and, consequently, a lower mean surface roughness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexural strength, surface roughness, micro-CT analysis, and microbiological adhesion of a 3D-printed temporary crown material

et al. 2023

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Objective: To evaluate the thermocycling effect of 3D-printed resins on exural strength, surface roughness, microbiological adhesion, and porosity.Materials and methods: Speci cally, 150 bar specimens (8 × 2 × 2 mm) and 100 blocks (8 × 8 × 2 mm) were made and divided among ve groups, according to two factors: "material" (AR: acrylic resin, CR: composite resin, BIS: bis-acryl resin, CAD: CAD/CAM PMMA resin, and PRINT: 3D-printed resin) and "aging" (non-aged and aged -TC). Half of the samples from each group were subjected to thermocycling (10,000 thermocycles; 5-55 °C), and the rest were stored in water (37 ºC) for 24 h. The bars were then subjected to a mini exural strength (σ) test (1 mm/min; 100kgF). All the blocks were subjected to roughness values (Ra, Rq, and Rz). The non-aged blocks were subjected to porosity analysis (micro-CT (n=5)) and fungal adherence (n=10). The data of σ (MPa) and Ra, Rq, and Rz(µm) were statistically analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test. Weibull analysis was performed to verify the reliability of the σ data. Fungal adhesion (log CFU/mL) data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's test.Results: For exural strength, ANOVA showed that "material" and "aging" factors were statistically signi cant (p<0.0001). The mean exural strength ranged from 49.87 MPa to 118.23 MPa between the experimental groups. The BIS group (118.23±16.26A) presented higher σ value than the AR group (89.60±9.38BC), whereas the PRINT group (49.87±7.55E) had the lowest mean of the exural strength (Tukey, a=0.05). All groups showed a decrease in σ after thermocycling, except for the PRINT group, which showed signi cantly increased exural strength after aging (PRINTTC:81.33±20.38CD). The Weibull modulus for the CRTC was signi cantly lower than those of the other groups. The AR group showed higher roughness values than the BIS group, regardless of age (p<0.0001). Porosity analyses revealed that the AR (1.369%) and BIS (6.339%) groups presented the highest porosity values among the experimental groups and that the CAD group (0.002%) had the lowest porosity. Cell adhesion was signi cantly different between the CR (6.81) and CAD (6.37) groups (p=0.036).Conclusion: Thermocycling reduced the exural strength of most provisional materials evaluated, except for 3D-printed resin. However, it did not in uence the surface roughness of each material. Moreover, Candida albicans adherence and porosity varied among materials.Clinical relevance: 3D-printed resins are promising materials for clinical applications because they have good mechanical properties and low fungal adhesion.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexural strength, surface roughness, micro-CT analysis, and microbiological adhesion of a 3D-printed temporary crown material

et al. 2023

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Flexural strength, surface roughness, micro-CT analysis, and microbiological adhesion of a 3D-printed temporary crown material

Ribeiro

Freitas

Carvalho

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Objective: To evaluate the thermocycling effect of 3D-printed resins on flexural strength, surface roughness, microbiological adhesion, and porosity. Materials and methods: Specifically, 150 bar specimens (8 × 2 × 2 mm) and 100 blocks (8 × 8 × 2 mm) were made and divided among five groups, according to two factors: “material” (AR: acrylic resin, CR: composite resin, BIS: bis-acryl resin, CAD: CAD/CAM PMMA resin, and PRINT: 3D-printed resin) and “aging” (non-aged and aged – TC). Half of the samples from each group were subjected to thermocycling (10,000 thermocycles; 5–55 °C), and the rest were stored in water (37 ºC) for 24 h. The bars were then subjected to a mini flexural strength (σ) test (1 mm/min; 100kgF). All the blocks were subjected to roughness values (Ra, Rq, and Rz). The non-aged blocks were subjected to porosity analysis (micro-CT (n=5)) and fungal adherence (n=10). The data of σ (MPa) and Ra, Rq, and Rz(µm) were statistically analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test. Weibull analysis was performed to verify the reliability of the σ data. Fungal adhesion (log CFU/mL) data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test. Results: For flexural strength, ANOVA showed that “material” and “aging” factors were statistically significant (p<0.0001). The mean flexural strength ranged from 49.87 MPa to 118.23 MPa between the experimental groups. The BIS group (118.23±16.26A) presented higher σ value than the AR group (89.60±9.38BC), whereas the PRINT group (49.87±7.55E) had the lowest mean of the flexural strength (Tukey, a=0.05). All groups showed a decrease in σ after thermocycling, except for the PRINT group, which showed significantly increased flexural strength after aging (PRINTTC:81.33±20.38CD). The Weibull modulus for the CRTC was significantly lower than those of the other groups. The AR group showed higher roughness values than the BIS group, regardless of age (p<0.0001). Porosity analyses revealed that the AR (1.369%) and BIS (6.339%) groups presented the highest porosity values among the experimental groups and that the CAD group (0.002%) had the lowest porosity. Cell adhesion was significantly different between the CR (6.81) and CAD (6.37) groups (p=0.036). Conclusion: Thermocycling reduced the flexural strength of most provisional materials evaluated, except for 3D-printed resin. However, it did not influence the surface roughness of each material. Moreover, Candida albicans adherence and porosity varied among materials. Clinical relevance: 3D-printed resins are promising materials for clinical applications because they have good mechanical properties and low fungal adhesion.

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Influence of Incorporating 5% Weight Titanium Oxide Nanoparticles on Flexural Strength, Micro-Hardness, Surface Roughness and Water Sorption of Dental Self-Cured Acrylic Resin

2022

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Background: Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is used in fabricating acrylic denture bases. Repairing a fractured acrylic denture base can be done by self-cured PMMA, yet this is still a weak point after repair. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of incorporating 5% weight titanium oxide nanoparticles (TiO2) to self-cured PMMA on flexural strength, surface micro-hardness, roughness, and water sorption. Methods: A total of 160 acrylic–resin specimens were used in this study. They were divided in two main groups; (a) control group, prepared by mixing self-cured PMMA powder to its liquid monomer, (b) treated group, prepared by blending 5% weight TiO2 nanoparticles to self-cured PMMA powder then this blend was mixed with the liquid monomer. Flexure strength, surface micro-hardness, roughness, and water sorption were evaluated. Data were analyzed using independent sample t-tests (p ≤ 0.05). Results: There was a significant increase in the flexural strength of PMMA of the treated group after the addition of TiO2 (137.6 MPa) compared with the control (75.4 MPa) (p ≤ 0.001). No significant difference between the two groups in terms of micro-hardness (p = 0.385) and surface roughness (p = 0.269). Water sorption showed a significant reduction in the treated group (p ≤ 0.001). Conclusions: Addition of 5% weight TiO2 nanoparticles to the self-cured acrylic resin improved its flexural strength and reduced its water-sorption without impairing the surface micro-hardness and roughness.

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Evaluation and Comparison of the Surface Roughness and Porosity of Different Provisional Restorative Materials: An in vitro Study

Cited by 3 publications

References 21 publications

Flexural strength, surface roughness, micro-CT analysis, and microbiological adhesion of a 3D-printed temporary crown material

Flexural strength, surface roughness, micro-CT analysis, and microbiological adhesion of a 3D-printed temporary crown material

Flexural strength, surface roughness, micro-CT analysis, and microbiological adhesion of a 3D-printed temporary crown material

Influence of Incorporating 5% Weight Titanium Oxide Nanoparticles on Flexural Strength, Micro-Hardness, Surface Roughness and Water Sorption of Dental Self-Cured Acrylic Resin

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