Evaluation and comparison of the efficacy of coconut oil as a clearing agent with xylene

Bordoloi, Bharadwaj; Jaiswal, Rakesh; Tandon, Aanchal; Jayaswal, Amrita; Srivastava, Abhinav; Gogoi, Nandita

doi:10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_486_20

Cited by 4 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The drastic degree of shrinkage observed in the prostate tissues cleared in coconut oil contradicts the evidence provided by previous works. 21,44 This could be due to the difference in the composition of the tissues used in the study as well as the difference in rat and human tissues. Even though the degree of shrinkage was significant in the coconut oil cleared tissue samples, the microscopy did not reveal changes in the morphology, intensity, and clarity in both the nucleus and cytoplasm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 The wax, which has diffused into the tissue after replacing the clearing agent, gets deposited in the tissues. 21,22 The clearing agent also enhances the translucency of tissues during microscopy when applied after staining due to its high refractive index. 23 The most commonly used clearing agent is xylene in tissue processing and staining.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clearing Properties Between Coconut Oil and Xylene in Histological Tissue Processing

Bright,

Samuel,

Adisa

et al. 2024

J Histochem Cytochem.

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Xylene is the commonest clearing agent even though it is hazardous and costly. This study evaluated the clearing properties of coconut oil as an alternative cost-effective clearing agent for histological processes. Ten (10) prostate samples fixed in formalin were taken and each one was cut into 4 before randomly separating them into four groups (A, B, C and D). Tissues were subjected to ascending grades of alcohol for dehydration. Group A was cleared in xylene and Groups B, C, and D were cleared at varying times of 1hr 30mins, 3hrs, and 4hrs in coconut oil respectively before embedding, sectioning, and staining were carried out. Gross and histological features were compared. Results indicated a significant shrinkage in coconut oil-treated specimen compared with the xylene-treated specimen and only the tissues cleared in coconut oil for 4hrs were as rigid as the tissues cleared in xylene ( p > 0.05). No significant difference was found in either of the sections when checked for cellular details and staining quality ( p > 0.999). Coconut oil is an efficient substitute for xylene in prostate tissues with a minimum clearing time of 4hrs, as it is environmentally friendly and less expensive, but causes significant shrinkage to prostate tissue:

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clearing Properties Between Coconut Oil and Xylene in Histological Tissue Processing

Bright,

Samuel,

Adisa

et al. 2024

J Histochem Cytochem.

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“…Xilol merupakan salah satu pilihan utama agent clearing karena memberikan hasil translusi yang baik pada jaringan sehingga jaringan yang diamati terlihat lebih jernih (Rahmawati, 2020). Faktor daya larut yang tinggi pada xilol bertujuan untuk pengeluaran alkohol dalam jaringan, sehingga membuat jaringan menjadi transparan dan dapat meningkatkan infiltrasi parafin (Bordoloi, et al 2022). Xilol dapat tercampur baik dengan alkohol maupun parafin (Beatrice, et al 2022).…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

“…Namun, hal ini dapat diatasi dengan melakukan pembersihan pada inkubator dan menjaga suhu agar tetap stabil. Bordoloi, et al (2022) menyatakan bahwa pada saat melakukan pewarnaan sitoplasma dan nukleus menggunakan zat warna H&E (Hematoksilin & Eosin), jaringan terwarnai lebih tajam dan lebih cerah. Penggunaan minyak kelapa sebagai clearing agent tidak menurunkan kualitas pewarnaan morfologis keseluruhan (Bordoloi, et al 2022).…”

Section: Minyak Kelapaunclassified

The Potency of Olive Oil, Coconut Oil, and Bleached Palm Oil as Clearing Agent in Histological Preparation

Saribu,

Zusrina,

Supraitno

et al. 2023

bib

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Clearing is an important process in histological preparations. The aim of the clearing process is to remove alcohol from the tissues upon dehydration. The most commonly used clearing agent is xylol, however it is known that there are negative effects from using xylol. This literature study purpose to study the potential of three vegetable oils, i.e., olive oil, coconut oil, and refined palm oil, as clearing agents to replace xylol. This literature study was conducted using search engines such as Semantic Scholar, NCBI, ICAMS, IJPRSE, JOMFP, PubMed, and ResearchGate with the keywords olive oil, coconut oil, palm oil, xylol, clearing agent, and histological preparations. There is no year limitation of references in this literature study. Based on the literatures, it is known that the use of olive oil as a clearing agent produces similar histological preparation qualities to xylol. This can be seen from several criteria that were measured, including the level of tissue translucency and the ability to maintain the quality of the staining. Similar results were shown by purified coconut oil and palm oil, both of which can produce tissues with optimal levels of transparency. The conclusion from this literature study is that refined olive oil, coconut oil, and palm oil can be used as clearing agents for xylol substitutes that are safer for researchers and the environment.

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“…Isopropanol is a clear, colorless, flammable liquid with an odor similar to a mixture of ethanol and acetone [19]. It is metabolized mainly in the liver by alcohol dehydrogenase to acetone, which is the primary metabolite of isopropanol [20,21], and it is less toxic than xylene [22,23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Xylene versus Isopropanol for Paraffin Wax Processing of Lung Tissue

Wang,

Gu,

Olm

et al. 2024

Applied Sciences

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The microscopic observation of lung tissue is challenging due to its fragile nature. Xylene and isopropanol are common tissue-clearing reagents used before paraffin embedding, yet no studies have compared these two reagents in lung tissue processing. Due to the well-known health risks xylene could introduce to operators, as well as its environmental hazards, it has long been desired that a less harmful alternative to xylene with the same staining effects be introduced. Thus, we systematically assessed the efficacy of isopropanol as a substitution for xylene. Lung tissue obtained from diseased donors and explanted lungs from recipients were processed simultaneously using either xylene or isopropanol prior to paraffin embedding. Scoring of the overall staining quality after H&E staining, along with the ease of sectioning, was compared systematically. Fluorescent staining was performed to explore alveolar morphology and the overall lectin fluorescence signal between groups. To understand differences in antibody staining, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of smooth muscle actin (SMA) and elastin was examined. No difference was observed with regard to ease of sectioning, staining quality, alveolar circularity, alveolar wall thickness or the SNR between slides processed with xylene or isopropanol. This study demonstrated comparable outcomes of isopropanol and xylene in lung tissue processing, suggesting isopropanol as a more favorable, operator- and environment-friendly substitute for xylene with regards to tissue processing.

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Evaluation and comparison of the efficacy of coconut oil as a clearing agent with xylene

Cited by 4 publications

References 7 publications

Clearing Properties Between Coconut Oil and Xylene in Histological Tissue Processing

Clearing Properties Between Coconut Oil and Xylene in Histological Tissue Processing

The Potency of Olive Oil, Coconut Oil, and Bleached Palm Oil as Clearing Agent in Histological Preparation

Xylene versus Isopropanol for Paraffin Wax Processing of Lung Tissue

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