Evaluation and Characterization of Advanced Potato Breeding Clones for Resistance to Scab by Cluster Analysis

Goth, R. W.; Haynes, Kathleen G.; Wilson, D. R.

doi:10.1094/pd-77-0911

Cited by 32 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…This is the reason we and others have ranked pitted lesions as more severe. Others have generally reported a significantly positive correlation between affected area and the severity of lesions (Bjor and Roer 1980;Goth et al 1993;Lambert et al 2006), although correlation coefficients were sometimes low and variable among years (Bjor and Roer 1980). We found a positive correlation between the two measures only for the two susceptible potato cultivars, and no correlation for the resistant cultivars.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 41%

Aggressiveness of Streptomyces on Four Potato Cultivars and Implications for Common Scab Resistance Breeding

Wanner

Haynes

2009

Am. J. Pot Res

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Common scab (CS), caused by several species of Streptomyces, is a serious problem for potato growers. Although the mechanism of pathogenicity, based on the phytotoxin thaxtomin, is presumably conserved in all pathogenic species, Streptomyces isolates vary in aggressiveness, and regional patterns in Streptomyces species distribution have recently emerged. We demonstrate that Streptomyces isolates differ significantly in aggressiveness, and there are specific plant genotype-pathogen isolate interactions in four contrasting potato cultivars treated with Streptomyces isolates belonging to different species and molecular types. There were significant differences between experiments, among isolates, among cultivars, and some of the two-way interactions were significant. The sum of all main and interaction effects among plant, pathogen, and experiment accounted for only 50-55% of total variation in CS disease symptoms. More information on specific plantpathogen interactions combined with knowledge of the distribution of CS-causing species could form the basis for successful recommendations of suitable potato cultivars, and will contribute to more accurate and reproducible phenotyping required for genetic studies of CS resistance in potato.Resumen La roña común (CS), causada por varias especies de Streptomyces, es un problema grave para los cultivadores de papa. Aunque el mecanismo de patogenicidad, basado en la fitotoxina taxtomina, se conserva presumiblemente en todas las especies patógenas, los aislamientos de Streptomyces varían en agresividad, y han surgido recientemente patrones regionales en la distribución de las especies de Streptomyces. Demostramos que los aislamientos de Streptomyces difieren en agresividad de forma significativa, y hay interacciones especificas entre genotipo de planta-aislamiento del patógeno en cuatro diferentes cultivares de papa tratadas con aislamientos de Streptomyces pertenecientes a diferentes especies y tipos moleculares. Hubo diferencias significativas entre experimentos, entre aislamientos, entre cultivares, y algunas de las interacciones de dos vías fueron significativas. La suma de todos los efectos principales y de interacción entre plantas, patógenos, y experimentos representaron sólo el 50-55% del total de la variación en los síntomas de la enfermedad CS. Más información sobre las interacciones planta-patógeno especificas combinado con el conocimiento de la distribución de las especies que causan CS podría constituir la base para recomendaciones exitosas de cultivares adecuados de papa, y contribuirá a la más exacta y reproducible fenotipificación necesaria para los estudios genéticos de resistencia a CS en la papa.Keywords Plant-pathogen-disease triangle . Resistance breedingAbbreviations CS common scab MA mean area tAI transformed mean area ML mean lesion PAI pathogenicity island Am.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 41%

Aggressiveness of Streptomyces on Four Potato Cultivars and Implications for Common Scab Resistance Breeding

Wanner

Haynes

2009

Am. J. Pot Res

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“…In the case of CS, the result of this three-way interaction is large differences in CS incidence and severity from region to region, from field to field within regions and from year to year in the same field, complicating efforts to understand the contribution of each component of the plant disease triangle. Commonly-grown commercial potato varieties differ in their susceptibility to CS (Goth et al 1993, Haynes et al 1997Lambert et al 2006;Powelson et al 1993;Wanner et al 2006), but none is completely resistant (or tolerant). In addition to genetic differences between potato varieties, environmental factors including soil moisture and pH seem to play a role in the variability in CS incidence and severity in different years and locations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Patchwork of Streptomyces Species Isolated from Potato Common Scab Lesions in North America

Wanner

2009

Am. J. Pot Res

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To determine distribution and prevalence of Streptomyces species associated with common scab in North America, more than 1,400 isolates were made from scabby potato tubers. Samples were obtained from locations across the continent, and from multiple sites in close geographic proximity. Most potentially pathogenic isolates belonged to four species previously associated with common scab, S. scabies, S. europaeiscabiei, S. stelliscabiei, and S. sp. IdahoX. Additionally, small numbers of potentially pathogenic isolates were identified as S. acidiscabies, S. turgidiscabies and six additional ribotypes. S. europaeiscabiei was most common in the west and S. scabies predominated in the middle and eastern Midwest. Beyond this geographic trend, species distribution was patchy. A single species often predominated in a field while neighboring fields had different species. Local and regional variation was seen when isolates were genotyped for repetitive sequence element patterns, reflecting the conserved or core genome, and genes characteristic of the Streptomyces pathogenicity island, reflecting flexible components of the Streptomyces genome. This is the largest survey to date of the distribution of common scab-causing species, and will be a resource for population biology studies and for tracing the evolutionary history and spread of common scabassociated Streptomyces.Resumen Para determinar la distribución y prevalencia de especies de Streptomyces asociadas con la sarna común en Norteamérica, se hicieron más de 1,400 aislamientos de tubérculos de papa con sarna. Las muestras fueron obtenidas de localidades de todo el continente y de múltiples lugares geográficamente próximos. Los aislamientos potencialmente más patogénicos fueron de cuatro especies previamente asociadas con sarna común, S. scabies, S. europaeiscabiei, S. stellicabiei y S. sp. IdahoX. Adicionalmente, un número pequeño de aislamientos potencialmente patogénicos fueron identificados como S. acidiscabies, S. turgidiscabies y seis ribotipos adicionales. S. europaeiscabiei fue el más común en el oeste y S. scabies predominó en el centro y este del Medio Oeste. Más allá de esta tendencia geográfica, la distribución de especies fue en parches. Una sola especie a menudo predominó en un campo mientras en los campos vecinos se encontraron diferentes especies. Se vieron variaciones locales y regionales cuando a los aislamientos se les determinó el genotipo para patrones de elementos con secuencias repetitivas que reflejan el genoma conservado o central, y genes característicos de la isla de patogenicidad de Streptomyces, reflejando componentes flexibles del genoma de Streptomyces. Este es la pesquisa más extensa a la fecha sobre la distribución de las especies que causan sarna común, y será un recurso para estudios de biología poblacional y para determinar la historia evolutiva y diseminación de Streptomyces asociado a la sarna común.Keywords Streptomyces scabies . Population genetics . Pathogenicity island Abbreviations CSCommon scab PAI Pathogenicity islan...

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“…There is no immunity to common scab in potatoes, although a wide range of phenotypic expression of resistance exists among varieties and advanced selections. Goth et al (1993) characterized potato clones for resistance to scab by clustering on a lesion index and a surface area infected index. By so doing, they were able to quantitatively compare the scab reaction of new germplasm with that of varieties used as disease standards.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heritability of Resistance to Common Scab in Diploid Potatoes

et al. 2009

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Common scab, caused by several species of Streptomyces, is a serious soil-borne disease of potatoes that may cause superficial, raised or pitted lesions on potato tubers. Little is known about the genetic basis of resistance to this disease. The purpose of this study was to determine if genetic resistance to common scab exists in a diploid Solanum phureja-S. stenotomum (phu-stn) population and to estimate broad-sense (H) and narrow-sense (h 2 ) heritability for resistance to common scab. Two hundred seventyone clones from a randomly mated phu-stn population were grown from 2003-2005 in naturally Streptomyces infested soil on a grower's field in Northampton Co., PA, in a randomized complete block design replicated twice. After harvest, the proportion of tubers with scab lesions was determined. The variable analyzed by the general linear models procedure in SAS using the maximum likelihood estimation method was the arcsine ( √ proportion of scabby tubers). There were significant differences among clones and the year x clone interaction was significant. H for resistance was estimated as 0.18 with a 95% confidence interval of 0.15 to 0.35. The clonal source of variation was partitioned into among families and within families. All the variation occurred within families. There was no additive genetic variance for resistance in this population, hence, h 2 was estimated as 0.00. Although levels of resistance to common scab cannot be improved by breeding in this diploid population, it may be feasible to transfer the high levels of resistance in this population to the tetraploid level via 4x-2x crosses.Resumen La sarna común, causada por varias especies de Streptomyces, es una enfermedad muy importante de la papa trasmitida por el suelo que puede causar lesiones superficiales levantadas o hundidas en los tubérculos. Se conoce muy poco acerca de la base genética de la resistencia a esta enfermedad. El propósito de este estudio fue determinar si existe resistencia genética en una población diploide de Solanum phureja-S. stenotomum (phu stn) y estimar la herencia de la resistencia en el sentido amplio (H) y sentido restringido (h 2 ) a la sarna común. Se sembraron del 2003 al 2005, 271 clones de una población phu-stn apareada al azar en campo naturalmente infestado por Streptomyces de un productor en Northapton Co., PA, en un diseño de bloque completamente al azar doblemente repetido. Después de la cosecha, se determinó la proporción de tubérculos con lesiones de sarna. Se analizó la variable arco seno (√ proporción de tubérculos con sarna) mediante procedimientos del modelo linear general en SAS, utilizando el método de estimación de máxima verosimilitud. Hubo diferencias significativas entre clones y la interacción años x clon fue significativa. La H para la resistencia se estimó en 0.18 con un 95% de intervalo de confianza de 0.15 a 0.35. La fuente de variación clonal fue distribuida entre familias y dentro de familias. Toda la variación se presentó dentro de familias. No hubo variancia genética aditiva para resistencia en...

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Evaluation and Characterization of Advanced Potato Breeding Clones for Resistance to Scab by Cluster Analysis

Cited by 32 publications

References 0 publications

Aggressiveness of Streptomyces on Four Potato Cultivars and Implications for Common Scab Resistance Breeding

Aggressiveness of Streptomyces on Four Potato Cultivars and Implications for Common Scab Resistance Breeding

A Patchwork of Streptomyces Species Isolated from Potato Common Scab Lesions in North America

Heritability of Resistance to Common Scab in Diploid Potatoes

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