Evaluating Truthfulness: Detecting Truths and Lies in Forensic Contexts

Cooper, Brian F.; Hervé, Hugues; Yuille, John C.

doi:10.1002/9780470747599.ch17

Cited by 9 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Students may not display the indicators of deception or truthfulness revealed by suspects who are motivated by high stakes such as their loss of freedom. Cooper, Hervé, and Yuille () suggest that motivation to be believed is a critical variable when assessing the stimulus materials used in deception research, such that lying and telling the truth without any consequence can manifest itself in a qualitatively different way from lying and telling the truth with grave motivation (e.g., losing one's freedom; Cooper et al ., ). In line with this reasoning, DePaulo, Lanier, and Davis () examined whether motivated liars and truth‐tellers would be easier to catch than non‐motivated ones.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lie detection during high‐stakes truths and lies

Carlucci

Compo

Zimmerman

2012

Legal Criminol Psychol

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Purpose The current study seeks to expand the deception detection literature by using real‐world pre‐interrogative interviews to discern differences in how novices (students) versus experts (police officers) make judgments about truths and lies. Methods Videotapes of routine traffic stops depicting either liars (incriminating evidence was found in the car) or truth‐tellers (no evidence was found in the car) were edited so the final car search was cut out. Novices and experts watched the tapes and made truth or lie judgments about the subject in each video. Results Overall accuracy of detecting truths and lies for students was 63%, while overall accuracy for police was 60%. The difference between the groups was not significant. These results were then compared with previously published rates (Bond & DePaulo, 2006). Students' overall accuracy rates in this study were higher than previously published accuracy rates. However, police officers' accuracy rates were not higher than previously published accuracy rates. Conclusions Realistic stimulus materials seem to increase overall accuracy rates for students. However, despite differences in experience, there was no difference between novice and expert truth and lie accuracy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lie detection during high‐stakes truths and lies

Carlucci

Compo

Zimmerman

2012

Legal Criminol Psychol

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“…The present findings suggest that what may separate high and low psychopathy offenders are not the behaviours evidenced by each (as they all lie), but the underlying motivations behind their acts (see Widiger & Frances, 1988). Motivation reflects, at least in part, emotions and cognition, which in turn affect the manner in which lies betray themselves (Cooper et al, 2009;Ekman, 1991). Research along these lines might help investigators better assess how particular types of lies leak out (irrespective of psychopathy).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research in this area should help professionals to understand how deception occurs in the real world and how it varies across individuals. It also may help to provide them with the knowledge and skills required to evaluate truthfulness in the forensic context (see Cooper et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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‘Wasn't me!’ A field study of the relationship between deceptive motivations and psychopathic traits in young offenders

Spidel

Hervé²,

Greaves

et al. 2011

Legal Criminol Psychol

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Purpose. Evaluating truthfulness is an integral part of any forensic assessment. Unfortunately, the motives underlying the use of deceptive strategies by offenders and how these may be mediated by personality are not well established, particularly in adolescent samples. Accordingly, the aim of the present study was to identify different deception‐related motivations in a sample of juvenile offenders, with special emphasis placed on the relationship between these motivations and psychopathic traits. Methods. Archived file and videotaped information for 60 Canadian federal juvenile offenders were reviewed in order to identify real‐life (spontaneous) patterns of deceptive motivations. Results. It was found that there were significant differences between the low, medium, and high groups across psychopathic traits for the motivations of (1) lies to obtain a reward; (2) to heighten self‐presentation; and (3) for duping delight. Conclusions. Not only were juvenile offenders found to lie for a variety of reasons, but also psychopathy was found to mediate the specific motivational patterns leading to offender perpetrated deception. The relevance of these findings to the assessment of truthfulness in offender populations is discussed.

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“…Thus, in differentiating truths from lies, understanding the intent of the individual is key; while a liar intends to deceive or manipulate another person, the truth teller does not. The result is that the former may experience unique emotional and/or cognitive reactions that the latter does not experience (Cooper et al 2009). It is these reactions that scientists are trying to understand and practitioners are attempting to identify.…”

Section: Evaluating Truthfulness: Definitionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electronic Tracking of Offenders

2014

Encyclopedia of Criminology and Criminal Justice

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Recommended Reading and ReferencesAddams J (1895) Hull-house maps and papers: a presentation of nationalities and wages in a congested district of Chicago, together with comments and essays on problems growing out of the social conditions. Thomas Y. Crowell & Company, New York Blumer M (1984) The Chicago school of sociology. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago Brantingham PL, Brantingham PJ (1993) Environment, routine and situation: toward a pattern theory of crime. In: Clarke RV, Felson M (eds) Routine activity and rational choice: advances in criminological the-ory5, vol 5. Transaction Publishers, New York Buchan E (1922) The delinquency of girls. Sociology.

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Evaluating Truthfulness: Detecting Truths and Lies in Forensic Contexts

Cited by 9 publications

References 28 publications

Lie detection during high‐stakes truths and lies

Lie detection during high‐stakes truths and lies

‘Wasn't me!’ A field study of the relationship between deceptive motivations and psychopathic traits in young offenders

Electronic Tracking of Offenders

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