Evaluating Titan2D mass-flow model using the 1963 Little Tahoma Peak avalanches, Mount Rainier, Washington

Sheridan, M. F.; Stinton, A.; Patra, Abani; Pitman, E. Bruce; Bauer, Andy; Nichita, C.C.

doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2004.06.011

Cited by 148 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The lahars simulated in this study represent debris flow types with sediment concentrations similar to the observed ice-melt-triggered lahars on Popocatépetl in City, the study area and Puebla is derived from SRTM3 elevation model. The dotted area shown as 'prehispanic lahars' represent the approximate extent of areas flooded by repeated lahar events from Popocatépetl, Iztaccíhuatl and La Malinche after Siebe et al (1996). al., 1998; Julio Miranda and Delgado Granados, 2003;Sheridan et al, 2005;Walder et al, 2005;Hubbard et al, 2006;Davila et al, 2007;Huggel et al, 2008). By applying such tools to Iztaccíhuatl volcano in Mexico, we show how an initial hazard evaluation can be carried out relatively fast and at low cost.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing lahars from ice-capped volcanoes using ASTER satellite data, the SRTM DTM and two different flow models: case study on Iztaccíhuatl (Central Mexico)

Schneider

Granados

Huggel

et al. 2008

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Lahars frequently affect the slopes of ice-capped volcanoes. They can be triggered by volcano-ice interactions during eruptions but also by processes such as intense precipitation or by outbursts of glacial water bodies not directly related to eruptive activity. We use remote sensing, GIS and lahar models in combination with ground observations for an initial lahar hazard assessment on Iztaccíhuatl volcano (5230 m a.s.l.), considering also possible future developments of the glaciers on the volcano. Observations of the glacial extent are important for estimations of future hazard scenarios, especially in a rapidly changing tropical glacial environment. In this study, analysis of the glaciers on Iztaccíhuatl shows a dramatic retreat during the last 150 years: the glaciated area in 2007 corresponds to only 4% of the one in 1850 AD and the glaciers are expected to survive no later than the year 2020. Most of the glacial retreat is considered to be related to climate change but in-situ observations suggest also that geo-and hydrothermal heat flow at the summit-crater area can not be ruled out, as emphasized by fumarolic activity documented in a former study. However, development of crater lakes and englacial water reservoirs are supposed to be a more realistic scenario for lahar generation than sudden ice melting by rigorous volcano-ice interaction. Model calculations show that possible outburst floods have to be larger than ∼5×10 5 m 3 or to achieve an H/L ratio (Height/runout Length) of 0.2 and lower in order to reach the populated lower flanks. This threshold volume equals 2.4% melted ice of Iztaccíhuatl's total ice volume in 2007, assuming 40% water and 60% volumetric debris content of a potential lahar. The model sensitivity analysis reveals important effects of the generic type of the Digital Terrain ModelCorrespondence to: D. Schneider (demian.schneider@geo.uzh.ch) (DTM) used on the results. As a consequence, the predicted affected areas can vary significantly. For such hazard zonation, we therefore suggest the use of different types of DTMs and flow models, followed by a careful comparison and interpretation of the results.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing lahars from ice-capped volcanoes using ASTER satellite data, the SRTM DTM and two different flow models: case study on Iztaccíhuatl (Central Mexico)

Schneider

Granados

Huggel

et al. 2008

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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“…Soc. Korea 화성쇄설밀도류에 대한 재난을 모의하기 위하여 TITAN2D (Sheridan et al, 2005), VolcFlow (Kelfoun and Druitt, 2005;Kelfoun et al, 2008;)나 Flow3D (Sheridan et al, 2000) 등과 같은 수치모의 프로그램들이 개발되어 왔으며, 이들 중 국내에서는 백두산에서 발생 가능한 화쇄류의 모의를 위하여 TITAN2D (Yun et al, 2013;와 VolcFlow (Chang and Yun, 2015)가 사용되었다. 본 연구에서는 백두산 의 화쇄류 수치모의를 위해 Yun et al(2013Yun et al( , 2014 (Lee and Yun, 2012 (Kim and Lee, 2000;Sohn and Park, 2004;Sohn et al, 2008;Sohn and Yoon, 2010;Brenna et al, 2012aBrenna et al, , 2012b.…”

Section: *Corresponding Authorunclassified

Simulation of Pyroclastic Density Current by Lava Dome Collapse at Jeju Island Using TITAN2D

Chang¹,

Yun²

2017

The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea

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In order to determine the runout range of pyroclastic density currents on Jeju island, lava dome collapse on 8 locations of outer rim of Baekrokdam crater were simulated by TITAN2D numerical simulation program. We set parameters as internal friction angle as 30 o and bed friction angle as 20 o to control velocity of currents occurred by lava dome collapse. Then we set the height and radius of lava dome, initial speed of collapse and simulation times. And we carried out numerical simulations for a total of 96 scenarios. The result shows that the maximum runout distance was 13.4 km in case of lava dome collapse. This study can be used database for manufacturing of hazard map to minimize damages caused by pyroclastic density currents occurred on Jeju island.

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“…Velocities of the flow were estimated from runup obstacles aligned perpendicular to the flow by using the simple relationship v = √ 2gh, in which h is the runup height and g is the acceleration due to gravity (Sheridan et al, 2005). High mud marks observed in photographs were about 30 m high, suggesting flow speeds of 25 m s −1 .…”

Section: Flood Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High mud marks observed in photographs were about 30 m high, suggesting flow speeds of 25 m s −1 . As emphasized by Sheridan et al (2005) these estimates are considered minimum velocities because this equation does not account for friction. To determine the section area and the discharge of the flood along its path, we used the OriginLab program to create cross sections of the channel, and we defined the polynomially best-matched topographic profile of the channel (0.97 ratio) with order three to nine polynomials.…”

Section: Flood Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

The 27 May 1937 catastrophic flow failure of gold tailings at Tlalpujahua, Michoacán, Mexico

Macías

Corona-Chávez

Sánchez-Núñez

et al. 2015

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. On 27 May 1937, after one week of sustained heavy rainfall, a voluminous flood caused the death of at least 300 people and the destruction of the historic El Carmen church and several neighborhoods in the mining region of Tlalpujahua, Michoacán, central Mexico. This destructive flood was triggered by the breaching of the impoundment of the Los Cedros tailings and the sudden release of circa 16 Mt of water-saturated waste materials. The muddy silty flood, moving at estimated speeds of 20-25 m s −1 , was channelized along the Dos Estrellas and Tlalpujahua drainages and devastated everything along its flow path. After advancing 2.5 km downstream, the flood slammed into El Carmen church and surrounding houses at estimated speeds of ∼ 7 m s −1 , destroying many construction walls and covering the church floor with ∼ 2 m of mud and debris. Revision of eyewitness accounts and newspaper articles, together with analysis of archived photographic materials, indicated that the flood consisted of three muddy pulses. Stratigraphic relations and granulometric data for selected proximal and distal samples show that the flood behaved as a hyperconcentrated flow along most of its trajectory. A total volume of the Lamas flood deposit was estimated as 1.5 × 10 6 m 3 . The physically based bidimensional (2-D) hydraulic model FLO-2D was implemented to reproduce the breached flow (0.5 sediment concentration) with a maximum flow discharge of 8000 m 3 s −1 for a total outflow volume (sediment + water) of 2.5 × 10 6 m 3 , similar to the calculations obtained using field measurements.Even though premonitory signs of possible impoundment failure were reported days before the flood, and people living downstream were alerted, authorities ordered no evacuations or other mitigative actions. The catastrophic flood at Tlalpujahua provides a well-documented, though tragic, example of impoundment breaching of a tailings dam caused by the combined effects of intense rainfall, dam weakness, and inadequate emergency-management protocols -unfortunately an all-too-common case scenario for most of the world's mining regions.

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Evaluating Titan2D mass-flow model using the 1963 Little Tahoma Peak avalanches, Mount Rainier, Washington

Cited by 148 publications

References 15 publications

Assessing lahars from ice-capped volcanoes using ASTER satellite data, the SRTM DTM and two different flow models: case study on Iztaccíhuatl (Central Mexico)

Assessing lahars from ice-capped volcanoes using ASTER satellite data, the SRTM DTM and two different flow models: case study on Iztaccíhuatl (Central Mexico)

Simulation of Pyroclastic Density Current by Lava Dome Collapse at Jeju Island Using TITAN2D

The 27 May 1937 catastrophic flow failure of gold tailings at Tlalpujahua, Michoacán, Mexico

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