Evaluating the use of adhesives in textile conservation: Part I: An overview and surveys of current use

Hillyer, Lynda; Tinker, Zenzie; Singer, Poppy

doi:10.1080/01410096.1997.9995114

Cited by 20 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…37 The spectrum of Lascaux 360HV is significantly different from that of Paraloid 72B and comparison with the spectrum from a model sample of poly(butyl methacrylate) (PBMA) 36 confirms it to be, as described in the literature, a 'poly(butyl methacrylate) dispersion'. 24 In summary, we have shown that Raman spectroscopy of synthetic polymeric adhesives used in textile conservation can discriminate between chemically similar EVA formulations and identify unambiguously the precise constituents of acrylic copolymers. Figure 3 shows a reflected light optical image of the model adhesive-textile laminate specimen, which was reconstructed from a through-focus sequence of images covering a total stage displacement of 100 µm.…”

Section: CMmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…24 The additional strong 842 cm 1 peak, the relative strength of the 1058 cm 1 ethylene peak and the existence of the 1296 cm 1 ethylene peak distinguish Mowilith from the other EVA copolymer adhesives. The notable fluorescence in this spectrum is due to the age of the sample, which had a pronounced yellow appearance.…”

Section: Synthetic Adhesivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vinamul 3252 and Vinapas EP1, from their Raman spectra, have identical formulations and both have been referred to in the literature as 'copolymers of vinyl acetate and ethylene dispersions'. 24 Manufacturer's information indicates that Evacon R is also a copolymer of vinyl acetate and ethylene. However this material has an additional strong peak at 1000 cm 1 and a weak peak at 1595 cm 1 , possibly from the inclusion of additives, which serve to distinguish it from Vinamul 3252 and Vinapas EP1.…”

Section: Synthetic Adhesivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Application of confocal Raman spectroscopy to thin polymer layers on highly scattering substrates: a case study of synthetic adhesives on historic textiles

Macdonald

Vaughan

Wyeth

2005

J. Raman Spectrosc.

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This study considers confocal Raman spectroscopy as a means of identifying a range of synthetic polymeric adhesives used in textile conservation. Many of the synthetic adhesives applied to support fragile textiles in the 1970s are now showing signs of ageing and the textiles are therefore being presented for retreatment. With no record of the adhesive used, conservators are unsure of the appropriate protocol to remove the original adhesive prior to retreatment. We have shown that Raman spectroscopy lends itself to the analysis of these thin polymer layers as it is inherently non-destructive and can be applied in situ. We also found that, for particularly thin polymer layers (∼20 µm), the underlying textile often scatters far more efficiently than the overlying polymer and therefore the polymer cannot always be identified unambiguously in situ. Although thick, transparent polymer samples are known to produce maximum Raman peak intensity when the laser is focused a few microns below the sample surface, focusing on or just above (0-5 µm) the polymer layer is shown to maximize the ratio of polymer peak intensity to textile substrate peak intensity, thus facilitating identification of the polymer. Defocusing further to a point 20 µm above the upper surface is shown to reintroduce interference from the substrate spectrum to a level comparable to that acquired when focused within the thin polymer layer, closer to the textile substrate.

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Section: CMmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Synthetic Adhesivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Synthetic Adhesivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Application of confocal Raman spectroscopy to thin polymer layers on highly scattering substrates: a case study of synthetic adhesives on historic textiles

Macdonald

Vaughan

Wyeth

2005

J. Raman Spectrosc.

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“…Solvent re-activation is generally used when a textile is too brittle to withstand the action of stitching, when it contains painted components, and when it proves to be technically too challenging to stitch into, for example, a three-dimensional object. Solvents may also be used when a textile is considered to be too fragile for the amount of heat and pressure required to achieve a satisfactory bond with a heat-sealing treatment (Hillyer, Tinker, and Singer 1997). The research reported here was formed from questioning whether solvent vapour has unintended effects on textiles, specifically the movement of soiling within them.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solvent Vapour Use – The Unintended Consequences in Textile Conservation

Macken

Smith

2018

Studies in Conservation

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The impact of solvent vapour from two solvents, acetone and industrial denatured alcohol (IDA), commonly used in adhesive reactivation in textile conservation, when applied to artificially soiled silk fabric through either Gore-Tex® or Reemay® membranes for exposure times of either 1 or 3 min, was measured using microscopy and ImageJ to monitor the movement of the solid particulates of the soiling, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy with attenuated total reflectance (FTIR-ATR) to monitor the movement of the oily components. Analysis using these techniques successfully showed the movement of large particulates through the textile and a decrease in the presence of oil. Analysis with FTIR-ATR showed that the application of solvent vapour by a poultice method produces more than just a surface change and the vapour can penetrate far enough into the fibres to cause a change in the level of oil through the entire textile. The results showed that the solvents and barrier membranes have characteristic differences which impact on the changes on the soiling. The application of acetone produced a greater change in the movement of oil on the front and back of the samples than the application of IDA, while a comparison between the barrier membranes showed a greater change occurring in the level of oil with the use of Gore-Tex® rather than Reemay®. The time of exposure to solvent vapour made little difference to the changes to the textile soiling. Quantitatively significant results were gathered from analysis of the changes in the oil measured with FTIR-ATR, and qualitative changes in the large particulate soiling, demonstrating the potential usefulness of ImageJ open access software in future historic textile soiling monitoring studies.

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“…Among these, synthetic polymers have been widely used as consolidating agents [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] and adhesives [16][17][18][19] because of their good mechanical and bonding properties. However, there are some potential problems in the application of synthetic polymers in the conservation and restoration of historic silk.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transglutaminase-mediated restoration of historic silk and its ageing resistance

2013

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Introduction: Transglutaminase-mediated polymerization, unlike the traditional restoration methods based on the application of synthetic polymers, has proved to be a potential strategy in the restoration of historic silk. In the present study, the treatment process has been adapted to satisfy the needs of consolidating historic silk fabrics in various cases. Artificially aged (dry thermal ageing) silk samples were restored using this method. The effects of the reaction on silk fibers were investigated by tensile tests, colour difference tests, scanning electron microscopy and FT-IR. The ageing resistance of the restored samples was evaluated.

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Evaluating the use of adhesives in textile conservation: Part I: An overview and surveys of current use

Cited by 20 publications

References 9 publications

Application of confocal Raman spectroscopy to thin polymer layers on highly scattering substrates: a case study of synthetic adhesives on historic textiles

Application of confocal Raman spectroscopy to thin polymer layers on highly scattering substrates: a case study of synthetic adhesives on historic textiles

Solvent Vapour Use – The Unintended Consequences in Textile Conservation

Transglutaminase-mediated restoration of historic silk and its ageing resistance

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