Evaluating the toxicity of urban patterns of oxidant gases. II. Effects in mice from chronic exposure to nitrogen dioxide

Fj, Miller; Ja, Graham; Ja, Raub; Jw, Illing; Mg, Ménache; De, House; Grobbee, D. E.

doi:10.1080/15287398709531005

Cited by 29 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…including children, increased the capability to detect day-to-day peak exposures to indoor NO 2 , and associated symptoms. Peak levels of exposure are more pathogenic than long term average exposures in animal studies [31], true peak NO 2 exposures are likely to be even higher than those demonstrated by the time weighted averages in this study [28], and certain types of gas appliances are associated with greater levels of personal NO 2 exposure ( fig. 1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Health effects of daily indoor nitrogen dioxide exposure in people with asthma

Smith¹,

Nitschke²,

Pilotto³

et al. 2000

Eur Respir J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Household gas appliances produce nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), which may be associated with an increase in symptoms in asthmatics. The relationship between indoor NO 2 exposure, and respiratory symptoms in people with asthma was evaluated.Self-reported asthmatics (n=125) wore lapel badges that measured NO 2 daily over 6 weeks at home. Outdoor pollutants, spores and meteorological parameters were measured daily, in addition to smoking status and demographic factors. Seven asthma symptoms were recorded in diaries, for analysis by same day and also with 1 day lag exposures, using a generalized estimating equation.Significant interactions were demonstrated between NO 2 at age #14 yrs, with respect to the symptoms of chest tightness on the same day (odds ratio ( Nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) is predominantly an indoor pollutant, and the major source of exposure is from household appliances fuelled by gas, particularly in households without flues for the gas appliances [1]. There is evidence that NO 2 is associated with an increase in respiratory symptoms among the general population, particularly in children, in a range of epidemiological studies that the authors have previously reviewed [2]. Studies under controlled conditions have indicated a relationship between NO 2 exposure and airway hyperresponsiveness in asthmatic children [3], and also with an enhanced bronchoconstrictor response to inhaled house dust mite and pollen antigens [4±8].There are few community based studies on asthmatics, where patterns of exposure are more complex. A casecontrol study concerning the onset of asthma by INFANTE-RIVARD [9] demonstrated a dose-response relationship between asthma and a single personal NO 2 exposure over 24 hrs [9]. HOEK et al. [10] found no relationship in a further case-control study, but used a weekly residential NO 2 measurement. A cohort study of 164 asthmatic subjects by OSTRO et al.[11] demonstrated a significant relationship between daily recordings of gas appliance use and the incidence of repeated attacks of asthma symptoms, but they did not measure actual NO 2 levels. The effects of short-term personal NO 2 exposure, in a cohort study, has never been measured on a daily basis in asthmatics. In view of the potential public health significance of even a small effect of NO 2 upon asthmatics, the aim was to perform a prospective study in asthmatics, in a residential household setting, to evaluate the relationship between asthma symptoms and short-term personal NO 2 exposure measurements during periods of household gas appliance use. MethodsAsthmatic participants were identified from a crosssectional health survey of Port Adelaide residents in South Australia [12], that utilized standard Australian Bureau of Statistics National Health Survey (NHS) sampling methodology and health related questions [13]. A high level of validity and reliability for self-reported asthma in the Australian setting has been previously recorded [14]. Criteria for selection to participate in the cohort study were based on the partici...

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Health effects of daily indoor nitrogen dioxide exposure in people with asthma

Smith¹,

Nitschke²,

Pilotto³

et al. 2000

Eur Respir J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The severity of these effects is influenced by the mode of exposure. Indeed, when compared to continuous exposure, a greater reduction of end-expiratory volume, vital capacity, and respiratory system compliance has been shown in mice chronically exposed to 1 h spikes of 0.8 ppm NO 2 superimposed on a continuous baseline exposure to 0.2 ppm [42].…”

Section: Effects Of Lung Function and Airway Responsivenessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of oxidant air pollutants on the respiratory system: insights from experimental animal research

Chitano¹,

Hosselet²,

Mapp³

et al. 1995

Eur Respir J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the present paper, we have reviewed experimental animal studies on the effects of the two most important oxidant airborne pollutants, nitrogen dioxide and ozone, on the respiratory system.The toxic effects depend on concentration and length of exposure, and are generally similar for both oxidants, with ozone operative at lower concentrations. High doses of both oxidants cause death due to lung oedema Exposure to sublethal levels causes functional alterations such as airflow limitation and airway hyperresponsiveness to bronchoconstrictor stimuli. These effects, which are generally reversible, are associated with epithelial injury, oedema and airway and parenchymal infiltration by inflammatory cells. Loss of cilia of airway epithelium and necrosis of type I alveolar epithelial cells are the most prominent consequences at the epithelial level. Inmation is characterized by early neutrophilic infiltration, followed by an increased number of mononuclear cells, predominantly alveolar macrophages.After long-term exposure, whilst nitrogen dioxide causes predominantly emphysema, ozone produces mainly pulmonary fibrosis. Biochemical effects include lipid peroxidation, increased antioxidant metabolism, and alteration of enzyme activity. Nitrogen dioxide and ozone may also alter the immunological response and reduce the defence against infections, increasing the susceptibility of exposed animals to infections.

show abstract

“…This was confirmed by Frampton et al (1989), who found that macrophage activity was affected more in 4 of 9 human volunteers exposed to 0.6 ppm continuously for 3 hours than it was for a background of 0.05 ppm for 3 hours with three 15 minute peaks at 2 ppm (both 108 ppmminutes). Miller et al (1987), however, compared the effect in mice of a continuous 0.2 ppm background exposure 5 days a week for 1 year, and with the same background exposure (but also with a 0.8 ppm spike for an hour twice a day) and found that mortality from infection and the effect on pulmonary function were greater in the presence of spikes. Peaks of 4.5 ppm for 1, 3.5 or 7 hours increased mortality when a Streptococcus challenge was given immediately afterwards; but when given 18 hours later, only the 3.5-and 7-hour duration peaks increased mortality in mice (Graham et al, 1987).…”

Section: Is There Evidence That Peak Concentrations Are Particularmentioning

confidence: 99%

A rapid assessment of the impact of hazard reduction burning around Sydney, May 2016

Broome¹,

Johnston

Horsley

et al. 2016

Medical Journal of Australia

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This document presents answers to 24 questions relevant to reviewing European policies on air pollution and to addressing health aspects of these policies. The answers were developed by a large group of scientists engaged in the WHO project "Review of evidence on health aspects of air pollution -REVIHAAP". The experts reviewed and discussed the newly accumulated scientific evidence on the adverse effects on health of air pollution, formulating science-based answers to the 24 questions. Extensive rationales for the answers, including the list of key references, are provided. The review concludes that a considerable amount of new scientific information on the adverse effects on health of particulate matter, ozone and nitrogen dioxide, observed at levels commonly present in Europe, has been published in recent years. This new evidence supports the scientific conclusions of the WHO air quality guidelines, last updated in 2005, and indicates that the effects in some cases occur at air pollution concentrations lower than those serving to establish these guidelines. It also provides scientific arguments for taking decisive actions to improve air quality and reduce the burden of disease associated with air pollution in Europe.This publication arises from the project REVIHAAP and has been co-funded by the European Union. Keywords AIR POLLUTANTS AIR POLLUTION -ADVERSE EFFECTS ENVIRONMENT AND PUBLIC HEALTH EVIDENCE BASED PRACTICE GUIDELINES HEALTH POLICYAddress requests about publications of the WHO Regional Office for Europe to: Publications WHO Regional Office for Europe Scherfigsvej 8 DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark Alternatively, complete an online request form for documentation, health information, or for permission to quote or translate, on the Regional Office web site (http://www.euro.who.int/pubrequest). © World Health Organization 2013All rights reserved. The Regional Office for Europe of the World Health Organization welcomes requests for permission to reproduce or translate its publications, in part or in full.The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted lines on maps represent approximate borderlines for which there may not yet be full agreement.The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the World Health Organization in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. Errors and omissions excepted, the names of proprietary products are distinguished by initial capital letters.All reasonable precautions have been taken by the World Health Organization to verify the information contained in this publication. However, the published material is being distributed without warranty of any kind, either express or implied. ...

show abstract

Evaluating the toxicity of urban patterns of oxidant gases. II. Effects in mice from chronic exposure to nitrogen dioxide

Cited by 29 publications

References 14 publications

Health effects of daily indoor nitrogen dioxide exposure in people with asthma

Health effects of daily indoor nitrogen dioxide exposure in people with asthma

Effect of oxidant air pollutants on the respiratory system: insights from experimental animal research

A rapid assessment of the impact of hazard reduction burning around Sydney, May 2016

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About