Evaluating the toxicity of Triton X-100 to protozoan, fish, and mammalian cells using fluorescent dyes as indicators of cell viability

Dayeh, Vivian R.; Chow, Stephanie L; Schirmer, Kristin; Lynn, Denis H.; Bols, Niels C.

doi:10.1016/s0147-6513(03)00083-6

Cited by 112 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Triton X-100 (TX100) is one of the most widely used nonionic surfactants for lysing cells to extract protein and other cellular organelles or to permeabilize the living cell membrane for transfection (1)(2)(3). However, if large amounts are added or the cells are subject to prolonged exposure to TX100, the cells die (4)(5)(6)(7). This toxicity of TX100 molecules arises because of the disrupting action of its polar head group on the hydrogen bonding present within the cell's lipid bilayer, leading to the destruction of the compactness and integrity of the lipid membrane.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Triton X-100 concentration effects on membrane permeability of a single HeLa cell by scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM)

Koley

Bard

2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

339

249

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Changes in HeLa cell morphology, membrane permeability, and viability caused by the presence of Triton X-100 (TX100), a nonionic surfactant, were studied by scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM). No change in membrane permeability was found at concentrations of 0.15 mM or lower during an experimental period of 30 to 60 min. Permeability of the cell membrane to the otherwise impermeable, highly charged hydrophilic molecule ferrocyanide was seen starting at concentrations of TX100 of about 0.17 mM. This concentration level of TX100 did not affect cell viability. Based on a simulation model, the membrane permeability for ferrocyanide molecules passing though the live cell membrane was 6.5 ± 2.0 × 10 -6 m/s. Cells underwent irreversible permeabilization of the membrane and structural collapse when the TX100 concentration reached the critical micelle concentration (CMC), in the range of 0.19 to 0.20 mM. The impermeability of ferrocyanide molecules in the absence of surfactant was also used to determine the height and diameter of a single living cell with the aid of the approach curve and probe scan methods in SECM.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Triton X-100 concentration effects on membrane permeability of a single HeLa cell by scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM)

Koley

Bard

2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

339

249

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“…The experimental results were slightly higher than the literature data. This may be caused by exposures done in the PPY medium, which is expected to contain compounds that could interfere with the actions of toxicant (Dayeh et al 2004). …”

Section: Growth Inhibition Test In the Open Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of fluorotelomer alcohols (FTOH) on the molecular and macroscopic phenotype of Tetrahymena thermophila

Wang

Ud-Daula

Fiedler

et al. 2009

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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The present study has highlighted several future research directions. For ecotoxicological risk assessment of FTOH, their distribution and environmental fate should be determined. To understand the effect mechanism, more tests could be conducted to test whether apoptosis is caused. Finally, in order to standardize test procedure in a closed system, more compounds should be investigated in the closed system to clarify the sensitivity of the test procedures.

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“…Alamar Blue is taken up in its oxidized (blue) form by the cell and reduced by phosphorylation within the cell 15,16 . Its reduced form (pink) is then allowed to leak out of the cell 16,17 . The reduced form of the AB may be assayed spectrofluorometrically by excitation at 530-560 nm and measurement at 590 nm.…”

Section: Biochemical Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was not removed prior to the spectrofluorometric assay. The Alamar Blue working-solution was created by adding pure Alamar Blue to DMEM medium (pH=6.9) that did not contain the phenol red indicator commonly present in DMEM, as this interferes with its fluorescence at 535 nm 15,16 . In addition to the assay wells containing cells, other empty wells were infused with AB and their fluorescence taken as a measurement of background, which was subsequently subtracted from fluorescence measured from the assay wells.…”

Section: Biochemical Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation of spectroscopic and biochemical assays post-ionising radiation exposure in human skin cell analogues

Meade¹,

Byrne²,

Lyng³

2005

SPIE Proceedings

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Raman spectroscopy, as an evaluation of the products of ionising radiation exposure in biological systems, has been utilised mainly in the evaluation of the impact of exposure in tissue, cellular constituents and live animals. It has also been recently demonstrated that Raman spectroscopy can demonstrate key spectroscopic changes in the live cell associated with significant apoptotic and necrotic chemical damage. The present preliminary work utilises Raman spectroscopy at 514.5 nm to evaluate the results of exposure to γ-rays in HaCaT cells from a Co-60 therapy source, in tandem with other biological assays. The results demonstrate that a number of spectral changes may be correlated with changes in the cell also identified in parallel biochemical assays.

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Evaluating the toxicity of Triton X-100 to protozoan, fish, and mammalian cells using fluorescent dyes as indicators of cell viability

Cited by 112 publications

References 26 publications

Triton X-100 concentration effects on membrane permeability of a single HeLa cell by scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM)

Triton X-100 concentration effects on membrane permeability of a single HeLa cell by scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM)

Impact of fluorotelomer alcohols (FTOH) on the molecular and macroscopic phenotype of Tetrahymena thermophila

Correlation of spectroscopic and biochemical assays post-ionising radiation exposure in human skin cell analogues

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