Evaluating the Toxic Effects of Tannic Acid Treatment on Hyphantria cunea Larvae

Tan, Mingtao; Wu, Hongfei; Yan, Shanchun; Jiang, Dun

doi:10.3390/insects13100872

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…A highly alkaline midgut environment is also thought to enable the enzymatic activity of certain proteinases which can release amino acids from soil humic acid, as suggested by studies in this species (Zhang and Brune, 2004). High midgut pH may also be an adaptation to dietary tannins, although the possible effects of tannins on insects, such as inhibiting feeding, toxic effects or inhibiting digestion, has been a long contested issue (Ayres et al, 1997; Barbehenn and Constabel, 2011; Barbehenn et al, 2009a; Barbehenn et al, 2009b; Berenbaum, 1980; Bernays, 1978; Bernays et al, 1980; Bernays and Chamberlain, 1980; Bernays et al, 1981; Feeny, 1970; Feeny, 1968; Forkner et al, 2004; Karowe, 1989; Klocke and Chan, 1982; Martin et al, 1985; Rossiter et al, 1988; Tan et al, 2022).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for the independent evolution of a rectal complex within the beetle superfamily Scarabaeoidea

Beaven,

Denholm,

Fremlin

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Rectal or cryptonephridial complexes have evolved repeatedly in arthropods, including in beetles where they occur in ~190,000 species of Cucujiformia and Bostrichoidea, and Lepidoptera where they occur in ~160,000 species. Sections of the Malpighian/renal tubules coat the outer surface of the rectum, acting as powerful recycling systems of the gut contents, recovering water and specific solutes. There are hints that a rectal complex evolved independently within another beetle group, Scarabaeoidea. Here we report our observations of rectal complexes in Scarabaeoidea, which support this view. We did not find a rectal complex in the related group, Staphylinoidea, or in Lucanidae, a basal group of Scarabaeoidea. We did observe rectal complexes inMelolontha melolontha(Melolonthini),Pachnoda marginataandCetonia aurata(Cetoniinae), consistent with previous reports from these groups. Intriguingly we found that rectal complexes occur in adult, but notM. melolonthalarvae, and larvae but not adults within Cetoniinae, indicating dramatic pupal remodelling of these organ systems. Insights into the structure of the rectal complexes of Scarabaeoidea are compared with the well-studied rectal complexes of Cucujiformia. Finally we discuss possible functions of the rectal complexes of beetles within Scarabaeoidea, and future approaches to address this question.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for the independent evolution of a rectal complex within the beetle superfamily Scarabaeoidea

Beaven,

Denholm,

Fremlin

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…Digestive enzymes, including ALP, ACP, and LDH, play vital roles in insect pests, primarily in their digestive processes and overall physiology. Inhibiting or disrupting these vital enzymes may impair an insect's ability to digest food and obtain necessary nutrients, possibly diminishing its fitness and survival (Zhang et al 2023). Sub-lethal doses of Ex-Fl and Ex-Fa reduced the rates of major digestive enzymes in the cotton pest in a treatment dosage-dependent manner.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Red earthworms (E. foetida) are commonly used as model ecotoxicology organisms due to their sensitivity to different ecological stressors. Their responses to toxic compounds can provide insight into the latent impacts on other beneficial, non-target soil species (Vasantha-Srinivasan et al 2018;Zhang et al 2023)…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insecticidal activities of two fig tree leaf extracts against the cotton pest Spodoptera litura (Fab.) and their impact on the non‐target red worm Eisenia foetida (Savigny)

Vasantha‐Srinivasan,

Shanmuga‐Priya,

Han

et al. 2023

Entomological Research

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Extracts of botanical origin naturally contain a complex mixture of chemicals considered effective in managing lepidopteran pests. Chemical screening of the ethanolic leaf extracts of two fig tree species, Ficus lyrata and Ficus auriculata, delivered 12 and 15 phyto‐compounds with relatively high peak area percentages in phytol and flavone, respectively. Larvicidal activity against Spodoptera litura yielded higher mortality rates at maximum‐concentration treatment (600 ppm) with Ficus lyrata (91.3%) and Ficus auriculata (98.5%) extracts during the second instar. Sub‐lethal dosages (300 ppm) of both Ficus lyrata and Ficus auriculata extracts impeded the development and reproduction of lepidopteran pests. The enzyme‐inhibition activity of both fig extracts elicited a significant reduction in the major digestive enzymes alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, and lactate dehydrogenase dose‐responsively. Mid‐gut histological screening of Ficus lyrata and Ficus auriculata extracts displayed gut lumen disruptions, shape alterations of columnar cells, and brush‐border membrane damage. Further, the non‐target toxicity of fig extracts against the red worm Eisenia foetida was minimal compared with that of the chemical temephos. Overall, the Ficus extracts proved to be eco‐friendly strategies for managing the polyphagous pest Spodoptera litura and are potentially more sustainable and less harmful to non‐target earthworms. Nonetheless, in silico predictions suggest that the active compounds in fig extracts are predominantly toxic against honeybees (16 compounds) and violate TICE rules (10 compounds). Therefore, the biological actions of fig extracts' individual novel chemistries need to be examined on target and non‐target species to develop better pest management strategies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While the impact of tannins on caterpillar growth, survival, or gut physiology has been extensively studied ( 21 , 25 , 27 , 28 ), the effect on their gut microbiome has been neglected [but see references ( 29 , 30 )]. Significant changes in gut microbiome composition have been reported under tannin exposure in larval insects ( 29 , 31 ) and vertebrates ( 32 ), including humans ( 33 ). To deepen our understanding of the role of tannins in plant–herbivore interactions, manipulative experiments controlling tannin levels are needed, as most studies have relied on correlations ( 34 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentration-dependent effect of plant secondary metabolites on bacterial and fungal microbiomes in caterpillar guts

Šigutová,

Pyszko,

Šigut

et al. 2024

Microbiol Spectr

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Plant–herbivore interactions have been modulated by plant secondary metabolites (PSM), which exert a strong pressure on herbivore microbiome. This study examined the effects of different PSM types and concentrations on caterpillar fitness, composition of gut bacterial and fungal assemblages, and microbiome network stability and symbiotic bonds in relation to the caterpillar diet breadth. Polyphagous and monophagous caterpillars sampled from oak were reared on an artificial diet (AD) containing PSM native (tannic acid) and non-native (tannivin and salicylic acid) to oak at varying concentrations, along with control treatments (starving and fed by oak leaves or AD without PSM). Their gut microbiome was profiled using 16S and ITS2 rRNA gene metabarcoding. Contrary to expectations, the diet breadth combined with the PSM type had no effect on weight gain. The bacterial composition was shaped by PSM concentration, while caterpillar species and diet breadth had no effect. Compared with bacteria, concentration had no effect on the fungal composition, which was more influenced by diet breadth than by caterpillar species. Leaf-fed caterpillars harbored the highest microbial richness. In AD-fed caterpillars, bacteria formed more complex networks than fungi, and the complexity was simplified with higher PSM concentrations. We identified taxa significantly associated with caterpillar guts. Notably, the association Lactobacillus–Lactococcus–Streptococcus was universally present across all caterpillar species, regardless of diet breadth. Our findings emphasize the importance of considering PSM concentration and composition in understanding caterpillar–gut microbiome interactions. Further research will validate the functional roles of identified microbial taxa and their significance for caterpillar hosts. IMPORTANCE The caterpillar gut is an excellent model system for studying host–microbiome interactions, as it represents an extreme environment for microbial life that usually has low diversity and considerable variability in community composition. Our study design combines feeding caterpillars on a natural and artificial diet with controlled levels of plant secondary metabolites and uses metabarcoding and quantitative PCR to simultaneously profile bacterial and fungal assemblages, which has never been performed. Moreover, we focus on multiple caterpillar species and consider diet breadth. Contrary to many previous studies, our study suggested the functional importance of certain microbial taxa, especially bacteria, and confirmed the previously proposed lower importance of fungi for caterpillar holobiont. Our study revealed the lack of differences between monophagous and polyphagous species in the responses of microbial assemblages to plant secondary metabolites, suggesting the limited role of the microbiome in the plasticity of the herbivore diet.

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Evaluating the Toxic Effects of Tannic Acid Treatment on Hyphantria cunea Larvae

Cited by 10 publications

References 51 publications

Evidence for the independent evolution of a rectal complex within the beetle superfamily Scarabaeoidea

Evidence for the independent evolution of a rectal complex within the beetle superfamily Scarabaeoidea

Insecticidal activities of two fig tree leaf extracts against the cotton pest Spodoptera litura (Fab.) and their impact on the non‐target red worm Eisenia foetida (Savigny)

Concentration-dependent effect of plant secondary metabolites on bacterial and fungal microbiomes in caterpillar guts

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