Evaluating the Success of President Johnson's War on Poverty: Revisiting the Historical Record Using a Full-Income Poverty Measure

Burkhauser, Richard V.; Corinth, Kevin; Elwell, James; Larrimore, Jeff

doi:10.17016/feds.2020.011

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…It fell steadily for the next 30 years and has been close to 10% ever since. Compare this with the poverty rate for children, which has been close to 20% since the early 1980s (Burkhauser et al, 2019). What caused this precipitous drop in the poverty rate for seniors?…”

Section: Major Societal Changesmentioning

confidence: 92%

The Challenges of Achieving Equity Within Public School Gifted and Talented Programs

Peters

2021

Gifted Child Quarterly

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K–12 gifted and talented programs have struggled with racial, ethnic, socioeconomic, native language, and disability inequity since their inception. This inequity has been well documented in public schools since at least the 1970s and has been stubbornly persistent despite receiving substantial attention at conferences, in scholarly journals, and in K–12 schools. The purpose of this article is to outline why such inequity exists and why common efforts to combat it have been unsuccessful. In the end, poorly designed identification systems combined with larger issues of societal inequality and systemic, institutionalized racism are the most likely culprits. I end the article with a hierarchy of actions that could be taken—from low-hanging fruit to major societal changes—in order to combat inequity in gifted education and move the field forward.

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Section: Major Societal Changesmentioning

confidence: 92%

The Challenges of Achieving Equity Within Public School Gifted and Talented Programs

Peters

2021

Gifted Child Quarterly

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“…The Official Poverty Measure uses a family sharing unit concept, which includes all people "related by birth, marriage, or adoption and residing together" (Census Bureau, 2019). 8 But the information needed to replicate the Census Bureau's family 7 As discussed by Burkhauser et al (2019), there also has been an increase in in-kind (non-cash) transfers since the inception of the Official Poverty Measure in the 1960s. Despite the importance of these programs to the financial resources of low-income families, we do not attempt to include in-kind transfers in our poverty measures since these transfers are not captured in the tax data.…”

Section: B Income and Sharing Unit Differences From The Official Poverty Measurementioning

confidence: 99%

Presence and Persistence of Poverty in U.S. Tax Data

Larrimore

Mortenson

Splinter³

2020

SSRN Journal

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This paper presents new estimates of the level and persistence of poverty among U.S. households since the Great Recession. We build annual household data files using U.S. income tax filings between 2007 and 2018. These data allow us to track individuals over time and measure how tax policies affect poverty trends. Using an after-tax household income measure, we estimate that while roughly 1 in 10 people are in poverty in any given year, over 4 in 10 people spent at least one year in poverty between 2007 and 2018. This implies substantial mobility in and out of poverty-for example, 41 percent of those in poverty in 2007 were out of poverty in the following year. Others spend multiple years in poverty or escape poverty only to fall back into it. Of those in poverty in 2007, one-third were in poverty for at least half of the years through 2018. Jeff Larrimore Federal Reserve Board Jacob Mortenson Joint Committee on Taxation David Splinter Joint Committee on Taxation March 2020For helpful comments, we thank Richard Burkhauser and Alex Yuskavage. Larrimore: The views in this paper reflect those of the authors and should not be attributed to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System or their staff. Mortenson and Splinter: This paper embodies work undertaken for the staff of the Joint Committee on Taxation, but as members of both parties and both houses of Congress comprise the Joint Committee on Taxation, this work should not be construed to represent the position of any member of the Committee.

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“…Two very recent pieces of research make the point. Burkhauser et al (2021) maintain that if one adopts the poverty standard of the original War on Poverty, accepts the Personal Consumption Expenditure index as the best measure of inflation, and employs an income measure that accounts for all benefits, poverty has been essentially eradicated, so the issue of poverty among workers is moot. On the other hand, Liu and Parilla (2021) claim that "44% of U.S. families in 2019 did not earn an income that was high enough to cover their families' living expenses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Prevalence and Demography of Insufficient Earnings

2021

JABE

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This research measures the prevalence and demography of full-year full-time workers whose earnings in 2018 or 2019 were insufficient to exceed the Supplemental Poverty Measure (SPM) poverty thresholds. Earnings sufficiency is then recalculated by subtracting the FICA taxes (Social Security and Medicare), adding the Earned Income Tax Credit, and subtracting work expenses to generate a measure of "expendable earnings." This recalculation changes the prevalence of earnings insufficiency more for some demographic groups than others. The demographic breakdown examines racial/ethnic groups, separates immigrant workers from the native born, divides gender groups by marital status and the presence of children and examines three age groups, four educational attainment groups, and three groups divided by metropolitan status. The wage rates of workers with insufficient earnings are assigned to wage bins tailored to current debates about minimum wages, finding that almost 25% of full-year full-time workers with insufficient expendable earnings have wages that exceed $15 per hour, and that allocations into wage bins differ substantially among demographic groups.

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Evaluating the Success of President Johnson's War on Poverty: Revisiting the Historical Record Using a Full-Income Poverty Measure

Cited by 5 publications

References 40 publications

The Challenges of Achieving Equity Within Public School Gifted and Talented Programs

The Challenges of Achieving Equity Within Public School Gifted and Talented Programs

Presence and Persistence of Poverty in U.S. Tax Data

The Prevalence and Demography of Insufficient Earnings

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