Evaluating the Stream Control Transmission Protocol Using Uppaal

Abstract

The Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) is a Transport Layer protocol that has been proposed as an alternative to the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) for the Internet of Things (IoT). SCTP, with its four-way handshake mechanism, claims to protect the Server from a Denial-of-Service (DoS) attack by ensuring the legitimacy of the Client, which has been a known issue pertaining to the three-way handshake of TCP. This paper compares the handshakes of TCP and SCTP to discuss its shortcomings and strengths. We present an Uppaal model of the TCP three-way handshake and SCTP four-way handshake and show that SCTP is able to cope with the presence of an Illegitimate Client, while TCP fails. The results confirm that SCTP is better equipped to deal with this type of attack.

Implementation and analysis of QUIC for MQTT

“…-In disastrous events such as unexpected reboots or a device crash, TCP connections between client and server might end up out of state. This undefined state is referred to as TCP half-open connections [21]. A half-open connection consumes resources such as memory and processor time.…”

“…QUIC messages exchange APIs and functions (continued)1 function get_iv(H, κ) * κc = Client key, ivc = Client initialization vector, ivs = Server initialization vector */ → (κc, κs, ivc, ivs); → src, s → dst; → src, c → dst; 11 /* sqn is packet sequence number */ →(cid, sqn);13 return (iv dst , sqn);14 function pak(k, sqn, m)15 κ → (kc, ks,ivc, ivs); → src and s → dst;18 else → src and c → dst; IPsrc, IP dst , portsrc, port dst ) → pkt_info;21 (cid, sqn)→ H;22 get_iv(H, κ) → iv; 23 return (pkt_info, E(k dst ,iv,H, (1 m))); 24 function process_packets(κ, p 1 , p 2 ....pv) 25 κ → (kc, ks, ivc, ivs); 26 if is_client then 27 c → src and s → dst; 28 else → src and c → dst; 30 for each γ ∈ [v] : 31 pγ → (Hγ , cγ ); 32 get_iv(Hγ , κ) → ivγ ; (ksrc, ivγ , Hγ , cγ ) → mγ; m 2 , .... mv); 37 function s_hello(m 3 , ik, sqn ) 38 ik → (ikc, iks, ivc, ivs); − → xs, b xs → ys, (b, a, ys) → p ubs; 40 (cid, sqn)→ H; (ikc, (ivc, sqn), H, (0 (p ubs, stk))) → e; 42 return (ips,ipc,ports,portc, H, e); 43 function get_key_s(m) 44 y xs c →pms; 45 return extract_expand(pms, nonc, cid, m, 40, 0); 46 function get_key_c(m) →(IPs,IPc,ports, portc, cid, sqn, e); 48 if D(ikc,(ivc, sqn),(cid,sqn),e) = ⊥ then 49 return extract_expand(pms, nonc, cid, m, 40, 0);…”

Vigorous Distance Learning Applications Using the Stream Control Transmission Protocol

“…By SCTP, the configurable unordered delivery contributes greatly to DL application performance. Up until now, many published studies reveal the advantages that the SCTP provides to applications [11], [12], [14], [15], [16].…”

A Formal Method for Evaluating the Performance of TSN Traffic Shapers using UPPAAL

“…UPPAAL is an integrated tool for modeling, simulation and verification of real-time systems [7]. It is well suited for verifying such systems that can be modeled as nondeterministic processes [8]- [10]. During the modeling of systems, the simulator may detect possible problems that existed.…”