Evaluating the Risk Factors of Development and Progression of Diabetic Retinopathy: A Review Study

Rasoulinejad, Seyed Ahmad

doi:10.5812/semj.117171

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…Literature shows much evidence of association between increased HbA1c levels and DR incidence. The reason of lower HbA1c levels in NPDR and PDR groups could be better glycemic control which predicts better prognosis for DR 13 . A comparative study in Pakistani population reported significantly deranged serum lipid subfractions in DR group as compared to diabetics without DR but the former group showed significantly higher HbA1C than the diabetics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…A comparative study in Pakistani population reported significantly deranged serum lipid subfractions in DR group as compared to diabetics without DR but the former group showed significantly higher HbA1C than the diabetics. 14 However, there is unclear evidence of differences in serum TG, cholesterol, and HDL levels between patients with DR and without DR. 13 There is evidence suggesting link between dyslipidemia in diabetes and insulin effects on liver apoprotein production, regulation of lipoprotein lipase, actions of cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), and peripheral actions of insulin on adipose and muscle tissue. 15 In present study the decreased cholesterol and LDL levels in DR group than in the diabetes may be attributed to the better glycemic control and dyslipidemia management after diagnosis of retinopathy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Changes in serum lipids with the onset and progression of Diabetic Retinopathy in Type-II Diabetes Mellitus

et al. 2022

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Objective: To investigate the role of serum lipids in the onset and progression of Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) in Type-II diabetes (T2DM) individuals. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the National Institute of Diabetes and Endocrinology (NIDE), Dow University of Health Sciences (DUHS) from March to May 2019. After signing the informed consent, healthy controls (n=30), T2DM patients (diabetic n=30), proliferative (PDR n=30) and non-proliferative (NPDR n= 30) of age 18 to 65 years were selected by convenient sampling. Background information was gathered through interviews and the fundoscopy was done. Fasting five ml venous blood samples were collected and analysed for triglycerides (TGs), cholesterol, HDL, LDL, VLDL and the HbA1c using commercially available assays. The SPSS, version 24.0, was used for data analysis. Results: The HbA1c level was high in the diabetes, NPDR and PDR groups than control (p<0.05). The serum TGs and cholesterol were raised while the HDL was low in the diabetes group than in control (p<0.05). The cholesterol and LDL were high in the diabetes group compared to NPDR and PDR groups (p<0.05). The cholesterol and VLDL showed a positive moderately strong correlation with HbA1c in the PDR group (p<0.05). Conclusion: The serum lipid levels vary with the HbA1c levels and greater degree of derangement is observed with increasing mean HbA1C independent of diabetic retinopathy. For this reason, strict control of HbA1c and serum lipid level by lifestyle and/or pharmacologic intervention is recommended in diabetes with or without retinopathy. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.1.6265 How to cite this: Gitay MN, Sohail A, Arzoo Y, Shakir MA. Changes in serum lipids with the onset and progression of Diabetic Retinopathy in Type-II Diabetes Mellitus. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(1):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.1.6265 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in serum lipids with the onset and progression of Diabetic Retinopathy in Type-II Diabetes Mellitus

et al. 2022

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“…Fibrates are other medications used to treat hyperlipidemia. A study showed that using the fenofibrate was associated with a lower rate of progression of DR (14). The National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) guidelines recommended a reasonable goal of LDL-cholesterol below 100 mg/dL (15).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of COVID-19 on Lipid Profile in Diabetic Retinopathy of the Central Rural Population of India

Sharma

Nigoskar

2023

Int J Res Rev

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People with Diabetes, particularly poorly controlled blood sugar levels, are at an increased risk of severe illness if they contract COVID-19. Diabetes has weakened the immune system, with more difficult for the body to fight infections. Studies have suggested a potential link between lipid abnormalities and COVID-19 severity. High levels of cholesterol and triglycerides, a component of the lipid profile, have been associated with increased inflammation and impaired immune response. This factor may contribute to a more severe course of COVID-19. Our study aims to investigate the Impact of COVID-19 on Lipid profiles in Diabetic Retinopathy of rural populations. Our study reported the potential direct and indirect effects of COVID-19 on the development and progression of DR, including the impact of Lipid Profile and glycemic Control due to altered healthcare access, changes in lifestyle, potential viral involvement, and vaccinations. By examining existing literature, analyzing patient data, and conducting surveys, this study provides valuable insights into the intersection between COVID-19 and DR. The specific relationship between diabetic Retinopathy, lipids, and COVID-19 is not well-established, and limited research is available on this topic. However, the results of this study contributed to information about the relationship between COVID-19, Lipids, and Diabetic Retinopathy, offering a foundation for future research and guiding clinical practice to improve patient outcomes. Conclusion: In this study, we concluded that Dyslipidemia and Hyperglycemia increase the risk of progressing on Diabetic Retinopathy, but due to the breakthrough of covid-19, there was no significantly changed observed in the lipid profile and glycemic control pattern of individuals with diabetic Retinopathy. However, the number of cases increased dramatically toward the progression of Diabetes to Diabetic Retinopathy with significantly reduced age of diabetic individuals and Duration of Diabetes compared to before the breakthrough of COVID-19. Keywords: COVID-19 pandemic, glycemic control, Diabetic Retinopathy, vaccination, World Health Organization, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, Diabetic Eye Disease

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Evaluating the Risk Factors of Development and Progression of Diabetic Retinopathy: A Review Study

Cited by 2 publications

References 71 publications

Changes in serum lipids with the onset and progression of Diabetic Retinopathy in Type-II Diabetes Mellitus

Changes in serum lipids with the onset and progression of Diabetic Retinopathy in Type-II Diabetes Mellitus

Impact of COVID-19 on Lipid Profile in Diabetic Retinopathy of the Central Rural Population of India

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