Evaluating the Public’s Preferences toward Sustainable Planning under Climate and Land Use Change in Forest Parks

Abstract

Balancing the goals of sustainable planning under climate and land use change (CLUC) with ecosystem service functions is a huge challenge for the management and programming of protected areas today. We construct a new evaluation framework towards the perspectives of sustainable land management based on the choice experiment (CE) model, and apply it to investigate the public's preferences for the forest parks in Taiwan. This study found that implementing organic farming, increasing species populations, increasing the acreage of secondary forest area, and developing an integrated framework for ecotourism would best satisfy the public's preferences for sustainable land use management. Second, we identify that the heterogeneity of the public's preferences for forest park management varies depending on whether individuals are (1) members of environmental groups, (2) agricultural landowners, and (3) residents of the municipality. Third, we find integrated land use programs generate the highest welfare values among scenarios comprising different financial attributes.

Assessment of the Economic Value of Ecological Conservation of the Kenting Coral Reef

“…Regarding the discussion, we can generate the policy implications for the protected area managers of the coral reef: (1) the management program have to contain living coral coverage, biodiversity, marine protected area, water quality levels, number of visitors, and a coral reefs conservation fund for the reef protected area [6,7,9,25,27,33]; (2) it would meet the goals of sustainable development to contain the aspects of ecology, recreation, and institution into protected area management [8,44]; (3) capturing the heterogeneity's preference for the stakeholders would help to integrate the comprehensive framework of market segmentation strategy by combining the qualitative and quantitative data in a protected area [44][45][46][47]; (4) for the environmental education and positioning of a reef protected area, programmers may concentrate on increasing the 50%-75% of living coral coverage, increasing the biodiversity, increasing the marine protected area at 6%, improving the seawater quality to an unpolluted level, and restricting the daily number of visitors to 75% of the status quo. Thus, this would meet the criterion of sustainable marine tourism of reef protected area simultaneously with a visitor's preferences and opinions for the effectiveness program in the future.…”

To What Extent Are Cattle Ranching Landholders Willing to Restore Ecosystem Services? Constructing a Micro-Scale PES Scheme in Southern Costa Rica

“…The proposed selection of attributes allows us to assess the relative importance of ESs to individual landholders' choices regarding restoration initiatives. The attributes and levels were combined using an orthogonal main effects design [47,49,94], which generated a fractional factorial design of 16 choice sets from the full factorial of 43 × 41 possible combinations [95][96][97]. Each choice set consisted of two generic alternatives (A and B), along with a status quo option describing the current grazing livestock production.…”

Conducting an Evaluation Framework of Importance-Performance Analysis for Sustainable Forest Management in a Rural Area

“…Taiwan's government began to implement the "extension of the afforestation policy" in 2007 [62], with the goals of SFM, and community-based tourism [63,64]. This captured local people's perspectives, to address the growing level of environmental awareness, under the framework of SFM, and the principles of FSC certification, in forest parks and rural areas [62,63,[65][66][67].…”

“…Taiwan's government began to implement the "extension of the afforestation policy" in 2007 [62], with the goals of SFM, and community-based tourism [63,64]. This captured local people's perspectives, to address the growing level of environmental awareness, under the framework of SFM, and the principles of FSC certification, in forest parks and rural areas [62,63,[65][66][67]. To promote environmental and natural conservation with carbon reduction, Taiwan's government announced that both the public and private sectors can enhance ecological communities by means of SFM [65,[67][68][69][70].…”

“…To promote environmental and natural conservation with carbon reduction, Taiwan's government announced that both the public and private sectors can enhance ecological communities by means of SFM [65,[67][68][69][70]. Thus, the above issues can be a basis for the evaluation of the achievements of SFM [62,71,72].…”