Evaluating the potability and human health risk of sachet water in Wukari, Nigeria

Kusa, Rachel; Joshua, Williams Kwari

doi:10.1080/19338244.2022.2063785

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In this study, non-carcinogenic risk for nitrate was determined by the calculation of Chronic Daily Intake (CDI), Health Quotient (HQ) and Health Hazard (HI) for the adults and children (USEPA, 2004;USEPA, 2014;Zhang et al, 2020;IRIS, 2023). The chronic health risk assessment was performed by the classification reported by Kusa and Joshua (2023) (Table 1). Since oral ingestion and dermal contact are the main exposure pathways of nitrate, Chronic Daily Intake (Ingestion and Dermal) (CDIing.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Potential Health Risk Assessment for Nitrate Contamination in the Groundwater of Mersin Province, Türkiye

Özbay

2024

Journal of Agricultural Production

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Though groundwater is one of the most significant natural water sources, its quality is deteriorating due to the anthropogenic pressures that poses health risks for people. In this study, potential health risk assessment for nitrate pollution in groundwater of Mersin Province was determined by commonly using health indices. Study findings indicated that the calculated Hazard Index (HI) values varied between 0.001 and 17.89 for the adults whilst the HI values ranging from 0.001 to 29.87 for the children. The HI values in the groundwater of Erdemli, Göksu and Anamur regions showed low chronic health risk for the adults and children (HI≤1). However, the calculated health risk indices indicated significant health hazards for the children inhabited between Tarsus and Çeşmeli regions (HI≥4.00) due to severe nitrate contamination originated from terrestrial sources. The findings of this study performed in the Mersin Province showed the sustainable management of groundwater policies is needed to reduce nitrate contamination and potential health hazards of the groundwater of studied and other regions in Türkiye.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Table 2. Calculation of CDIing., CDIder., HQ and HI values, and potential health risk assessment (USEPA, 2004;Muhammad et al, 2011;USEPA, 2014;Zhang et al, 2020;Habesoglu & Atici, 2022;IRIS, 2023;Kusa & Joshua, 2023) Reference Dose for Ingestion (mg kg -1 day -1 ) 1.6 RefDder.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Health Risk Assessment for Nitrate Contamination in the Groundwater of Mersin Province, Türkiye

Özbay

2024

Journal of Agricultural Production

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“…Sachet water is also sold in plastic bags that have been manually filled and tied. The local phrase for this is "ice water" (Kusa and Joshua, 2023). The majority of the water in the sachets comes from a borehole.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drinking Water Preference and Microbiological Contents of Selected, Locally Consumed Sachet Water at Sinkor, Liberia

Flomo,

Adepoju,

Femi-Adepoju

et al. 2023

Env.cont.Reviews

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This research assesses the microbiological quality and reasons for brand preference among consumers of sachet water samples in Sinkor area, Monrovia, Liberia. The study looked at the bacterial profile of sachet water in Sinkor, Monrovia, and considers factors that determined individuals’ preference of each water brand. A survey consisting of questionnaires was administered to 102 respondents in order to determine the several parameters, while the bacteriological quality assessments of sachet water samples were determined by the Most Probable Number (MPN), and pH value was determined by the pH meter. Five mostly patronized water brands were involved. Results showed that the order of factors considered before choosing a brand is in the following order: good taste> clean appearance>good packaging> odorlessness while they detested water brands based on same factors in the following order: bad odor> bad taste>possession of color or particles > rough packaging>lacks expiry date on the container. In addition to these, microbiological profile revealed that all of the sachet water samples analyzed fulfill WHO requirements. Monitoring bodies in charge of drinking water in the study area must be encouraged to maintain standards.

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More about making profits or providing safe drinking water? A state-of-the-art review on sachet water contamination in Nigeria

Agbasi,

Ezugwu,

Omeka

et al. 2024

Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part C

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Evaluating the potability and human health risk of sachet water in Wukari, Nigeria

Cited by 5 publications

References 40 publications

Potential Health Risk Assessment for Nitrate Contamination in the Groundwater of Mersin Province, Türkiye

Potential Health Risk Assessment for Nitrate Contamination in the Groundwater of Mersin Province, Türkiye

Drinking Water Preference and Microbiological Contents of Selected, Locally Consumed Sachet Water at Sinkor, Liberia

More about making profits or providing safe drinking water? A state-of-the-art review on sachet water contamination in Nigeria

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