Evaluating the measurement invariance of the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) in Black Americans and White Americans.

Bagby, R. Michael; Keeley, Jared W.; Williams, Charmaine C.; Mortezaei, Ardeshir; Ryder, Andrew G.; Sellbom, Martin

doi:10.1037/pas0001085

Cited by 24 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Although research on prior MMPI iterations suggests minimal evidence for race-based test bias (e.g., Whitman et al, 2019), measurement invariance has rarely been considered for past MMPI instruments (see Wang et al, 2021, for a notable exception), and such data are not yet available for the MMPI-3. Given emerging evidence that other measures of pathological personality traits are not equivalent across White and Black Americans (e.g., Bagby et al, 2021), tests of measurement invariance across demographic and other groups should be the focus of future assessment research (see Han et al, 2019, for a methodological review).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MMPI-3 scale predictors of reactions to ostracism in a sample of racially diverse college students.

Anestis¹,

Preston²,

Rodriguez³

et al. 2022

Psychological Assessment

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We examined the ability of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-3 (MMPI-3) scales to predict reflexive reactions to rejection elicited via a Cyberball task. In an effort to expand the criterion-related and incremental validity knowledge of the MMPI-3, we specifically focused on scale associations with the following adverse reflexive reactions: feelings of rejection, low positive and high negative affect, and high perceived threats to social needs. We hypothesized 10 substantive scales that assess negative emotionality, self-esteem, paranoia, and interpersonal difficulties to be positively associated with these adverse reactions, while we expected four scales indicative of interpersonal antagonism to be inversely related. The sample included 180 undergraduate students (80.6% female, 17.2% male; 59.5% White, 40.5% people of color), and analyses were conducted using the full sample and race-based subsamples. Results partially supported hypotheses, most notably in the case of indicators of mood/negative emotionality, Self-Doubt, and Self-Importance. Results were largely consistent across race-based subsamples with some notable exceptions. Our findings provide support for the validity of the MMPI-3 scales and their ability to assess reactions to an interpersonal stressor via a behavioral paradigm. Limitations (e.g., reliance on college student sample) and future directions (e.g., need for replication with larger samples) are discussed. Public Significance StatementIn a sample of college students [59.5% White and 40.5% people of color (POC)], this study examined MMPI-3 scales' associations with self-report of threatened fundamental needs, overall positive and negative affect, and feelings of rejection after an ostracism experience. The majority of examined scales demonstrated relationships to ostracism reactions in expected directions, providing novel construct validity evidence for select MMPI-3 scales.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MMPI-3 scale predictors of reactions to ostracism in a sample of racially diverse college students.

Anestis¹,

Preston²,

Rodriguez³

et al. 2022

Psychological Assessment

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“…The fit indices for each of these models are displayed in supplemental Table S2. Model fit indices were in acceptable ranges and comparable to prior ESEM estimates (e.g., Bach et al, 2018;Bagby et al, 2022;Thimm et al, 2017). Therefore, we next compared the equivalency of the loading matrices (of the facets onto latent domains) across groups as a test of configural invariance using TCCs.…”

Section: Configural Congruencementioning

confidence: 72%

Assessing the measurement invariance of the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 across Black and White americans.

Freilich¹,

Palumbo²,

Latzman³

et al. 2023

Psychological Assessment

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The Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) is the primary tool for assessing maladaptive personality traits within the DSM-5 alternative model for personality disorders. Evidence has begun to accumulate on the replicability and measurement invariance of its five-domain factor structure across countries, clinical and community populations, and sex, but its equivalency across racial groups within a given country is largely unstudied. Attempting to replicate the evidence of noninvariance demonstrated by Bagby et al. ( 2022), we examined the factor structure of the PID-5 across White Americans (n = 612) and Black Americans (n = 613) within the United States. The five-domain structure emerged across both samples with reasonably congruent factor loadings. Therefore, we tested for measurement invariance using the 13-step framework advocated by Marsh et al. (2009) for personality data. We found support for the PID-5's comparability across racial groups, offering some preliminary backing for its use with Black Americans, though additional evidence is needed to clarify the conflicting results and further validate the instrument. Public Significance StatementThe Personality Inventory for DSM-5 is increasingly being used to assess personality disorders, though it is unclear if it measures the same constructs in White and Black American samples. Previous evidence suggests some inconsistencies, but the evidence presented here suggests it is an applicable tool across groups. More data from diverse samples are needed to further clarify its measurement properties.

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“…At times, exporting the AMPD has been shown explicitly not to work that well. For example, there have been questions about the extent to which the PID-5 works in ethnic minority groups in North America, with a recent study showing strong performance of the measure in White American samples, but not in Black American samples, in which the five-factor structure could not be extracted ( 186 ). Similarly, a recent study employing the PID-5 brief form in China ( 187 ) found stronger support for a six-factor model, which the authors argued was more in line with Chinese conceptualizations of personality, where the factor of interpersonal relationships plays a more unique and significant role than in Western countries.…”

Section: Inclusivity Of Dimensional Models: Challenges and Opportunitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dimensional models of personality disorders: Challenges and opportunities

Monaghan

Bizumić

2023

Front. Psychiatry

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Categorical models of personality disorders have been beneficial throughout psychiatric history, providing a mechanism for organizing and communicating research and treatment. However, the view that individuals with personality disorders are qualitatively distinct from the general population is no longer tenable. This perspective has amassed steady criticism, ranging from inconsequential to irreconcilable. In response, stronger evidence has been accumulated in support of a dimensional perspective that unifies normal and pathological personality on underlying trait continua. Contemporary nosology has largely shifted toward this dimensional perspective, yet broader adoption within public lexicon and routine clinical practice appears slow. This review focuses on challenges and the related opportunities of moving toward dimensional models in personality disorder research and practice. First, we highlight the need for ongoing development of a broader array of measurement methods, ideally facilitating multimethod assessments that reduce biases associated with any single methodology. These efforts should also include measurement across both poles of each trait, intensive longitudinal studies, and more deeply considering social desirability. Second, wider communication and training in dimensional approaches is needed for individuals working in mental health. This will require clear demonstrations of incremental treatment efficacy and structured public health rebates. Third, we should embrace cultural and geographic diversity, and investigate how unifying humanity may reduce the stigma and shame currently generated by arbitrarily labeling an individual's personality as normal or abnormal. This review aims to organize ongoing research efforts toward broader and routine usage of dimensional perspectives within research and clinical spaces.

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Evaluating the measurement invariance of the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) in Black Americans and White Americans.

Cited by 24 publications

References 33 publications

MMPI-3 scale predictors of reactions to ostracism in a sample of racially diverse college students.

MMPI-3 scale predictors of reactions to ostracism in a sample of racially diverse college students.

Assessing the measurement invariance of the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 across Black and White americans.

Dimensional models of personality disorders: Challenges and opportunities

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