Evaluating the link between commercial governance ratings and firm performance in a cross-European setting

Abstract

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the ability of commercial governance ratings (CGR) to predict firm performance. Design/methodology/approach Based on the review of the corporate governance literature, the authors pose five hypotheses on the relationship between CGR and firm performance. Then, the authors test these hypotheses for the latest version of the Institutional Shareholder Services Inc. (ISS) index (Quickscore) with a sample of firms formed by the constituents of the Standard and Poor’s Europe 350 stock market index. Findings The authors have not found a consistent significant relationship between Quickscore ratings and firm performance. This main result holds across a variety of checks. Research limitations/implications Some of the additional analyses are conducted with rather small samples. The results of these analyses have to be carefully taken. Recommendations for further research are offered. Practical implications The results call into question the usefulness of CGR, marketed by influential consultant companies, and which are becoming increasingly popular among investors, as reliable predictors of firm performance. Originality/value Despite an increasing body of research on the use of CGR as predictors of firm performance, the available research is heavily concentrated in the US market. No previous study has explored this relationship using the recently developed ISS index Quickscore in a cross-European setting. The use of a cross-country sample of companies allows the authors to address the impact of institutional factors on the CGR-firm performance relationship. Moreover, the authors do not limit the study to the overall scores of the index but examine also the partial scores (pillars) which intend to assess specific dimensions of governance. This makes the evaluation of the relationship more complex and challenging.

Evaluating the impact of compliance with governance recommendations on firm performance: The case of Spain

“…Following Núñez Izquierdo and Garcia‐Blandon (2017), as a natural extension of this research, in another robustness check, we segregate the firms in the sample according to the quality of governance. We follow Gompers et al (2003)'s portfolio approach and divide the original sample of firms into two clusters: “good” quality of governance, consistent with the higher level of compliance, and “weaker” quality of governance, reflecting the lower half of companies according to CompUGGC.…”

“…First, studies which build their own ratings, the so‐called academic indexes (see, for instance, Bai, Liu, Lu, Song, & Zhang, 2004; Bebchuk, Cohen, & Ferrell, 2009; Gompers, Ishii, & Metrick, 2003). Secondly, there is a group of studies on this topic that have relied on the use of governance ratings developed by rating agencies, known as commercial governance indexes (see, e.g., Aggarwal, Erel, Stulz, & Williamson, 2007; Brown & Caylor, 2006; Renders, Gaeremynck, & Sercu, 2010; Núñez Izquierdo & Garcia‐Blandon, 2017). While the bulk of the first group of studies using academic indexes reveals a positive significant relationship between governance and firm performance, the second line of research has yielded non‐conclusive results.…”